University of Algiers I
Faculty of Sciences
Department of Mathematics
Master I
Mathematical Modeling
Mathematical modeling is a powerful tool that translates real-world problems into the language of
mathematics. It involves creating abstract representations of systems to analyze their behavior and predict
outcomes. This process starts with identifying the essential features of a phenomenon and representing them
with mathematical equations or simulations.
The history of mathematical modeling is rich, with its roots in the work of luminaries like Newton
and Leibniz. Over time, it has evolved to encompass a wide range of techniques and applications. Today,
models can be deterministic, capturing predictable outcomes, or stochastic, incorporating elements of
randomness.
In practice, mathematical modeling is an iterative process. It begins with formulating a problem,
progresses through the development of a model, and culminates in the validation of the model against
empirical data. The complexity of a model can vary; sometimes, simple models provide sufficient insight,
while other situations require more sophisticated approaches.
Mathematical models are ubiquitous in science and engineering, aiding in the design of bridges, the
forecasting of weather, and even in the development of financial algorithms. They are also vital in policy-
making, where they inform decisions on matters ranging from public health to environmental conservation.
The significance of mathematical modeling lies in its universality and adaptability. It is a discipline
that not only solves problems but also enhances our understanding of the world around us.
• Summarize each paragraph of the text in one sentence ?
1. What is the subject of the first sentence in the text?
2. Identify the verb in the phrase “translates real-world problems into the language of mathematics.”
3. In the second paragraph, what is the tense used in the sentence “The history of mathematical
modeling is rich”?
4. Can you find a compound adjective in the text?
5. Which prepositional phrase describes the purpose of mathematical models in the fourth paragraph?
6. What is the function of the word ‘that’ in the clause “a powerful tool that translates real-world
problems”?
7. In the sentence “It begins with formulating a problem,” where is the gerund?
8. Identify the passive voice construction in the text?
