Housing Delivery Process in the Philippines

Less than 1/3 of population- can afford shelter

In metro manila- 3.1 million informal settlers

Housing Problems/ Social issues

 Money
 Availability of Land

Other Issues

 Land Use Policies

 Community mortgage program
 Local government Unit
 Natural hazard and Armed Conflict

Informal housing

- Estimated at over 3.7 million

- Metro manila- 500000 units

Homelessness Affordability and delivery

-Economic growth- fundamental solution

- Boosting household income

Government Strategies

National Shelter Program- aiming to engage the private sector in

housing delivery and finance

Housing and government and its delivery system

1. National Housing Authority (NHA), in charge of social housing

production specifically upgrading of sites and services

2. Human Settlements Development Corporation (HSDC), also into

shelter production and New Town and Estate Needs, demands and supply

developments

3. National Housing Commission (NHC), supports the HSDC and

NHA in shelter production

4. Human Settlements Regulatory Commission (HSRC), regulates

subdivision development and socialized housing

construction

5. National Pollution Control Commission (NPCC)

6. National Environmental Planning Council (NEPC)

7. Housing Finance Corporation (HFC), provides mortgage insurance

or guarantees to encourage private banks and

financial institutions to grant housing loans on easy terms of payment

8. National Home Mortgage Finance Corporation (NHMFC), acted as

a secondary market for housing mortgages

9. Home Development Mutual Fund (HDMF), a provident savings

fund maturing after 20 years

Philippines current housing needs, demands and supply

55.3% in 2015 to 59.8% in 2020, according to the latest Annual

Poverty Indicator Survey (2021).
Physical Configuration as Outcomes of Socio Economic System

Overview

-Three quarters of the poor live in rural areas

- Christian (93% of the population)

-ARMM- suffers underdevelopment

Government Administrative System In The Philippines:

1. Province
2. Cities and Municipalities
- 100M annual income
- 150k inhabitants/ territory of 100sqkm MTPDP (Mee MTPDP (Medium-Term Philippine Development Plan)
- Municipality- 25000 inhabitants
- 50sqkm -oulines policies thee president wishes to institute during his term
- 2.5M annual income
3. Barangay NEDA (National Economic and Development Program)

Local governments and spatial planning system -Coordinates with related agencies in formulating plans

RDC (Regional Development Council) (NCR, ARMM, CAR)

-Decides how plans should be implemented

BEHAVIORAL ASPECT OF HOUSING

PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES

-Environmental stimuli

PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES

-territoriality

PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES

-privacy

CULTURAL ASPECT

-influence that changed us to what we are today

Spatial Planning

• largely a public sector function to influence the future spatial PHILIPPINE PERSPECTIVE ON HOUSING
distribution of activities
Evolution of residential dwelling
• Aims to create rational territorial organization of land use
- with numerous influences from other nations
• To improve the impact of the other sector policies on land use
- a glorious past are still embedded within the nation’s
• Promoting sustainable development and improving quality of life history.
FOUR MAIN PERIODS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY Based on the results of the 2020

• Spanish Rule (1521 – 1898) (377years) Annual Poverty Indicators Survey (APIS), majority of families lived
in a single type of building/housing unit (90.3%).
• American Rule (1898 – 1946) (48 Years)
The rest of the families dwelt in apartment
• Japanese Occupation (1941-1946) (5 Years) /accessoria/rowhouse(6.7%), duplex houses(1.9%), and other multi-
unit residential building or commercial/industrial/agricultural
• Philippine Self Rule (1946-Present) (78 Years)
building house, including condominium or condotel(1.1%)

Bahay Kubo
HOUSING IN THE PHILIPPINES
-First filipino homes
HOUSING NEEDS-units required in the housing market
Bahay na Bato
HOUSING DEMANDS- defined housing market area that would
• Spanish colonial era – masonry construction
potentially move into the new units
• Adobe walls:structural foundation;wood;main materials for the large
HOUSING SUPPLY- housing units available
open layout upper levels
HOUSING DEFICIT- housing demand is greater than housing supply
Tsalet
HOUSING BACKLOG- accumulation of housing deficits
-American occupation
HOUSING SURPLUS- housing supply is greater than housing
-introduction of the toilet
demand
-primarily called sanitary barrio

Bungalow
HOUSING BACKLOG = 3.9M units as of 2011
-most common type
6.5M units as of 2024 (informal settlers and low income
-Bengali style
earner across the country)
-senior friendly
HIGHEST HOUSING DEMAND = ECONOMIC HOUSING
TOWNHOUSE (450,000 – 1.7M) as of 2011

• Common type of home in the Philippines. HOUSING MARKET = 3,164 PLAYERS (Subdivision and housing
developers)
• Found in the early residential developments
HUDCC - Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council
in urban areas
SHDA – Subdivision and Housing Developers Associations
• Urban feel without having to live in the city

center.
SOCIALIZED HOUSING- 450,000 Pesos and below
CONDOMINIUMS
ECONOMIC HOUSING- from 450,000 Pesos but not exceeding
• Taken over major cities as a result of comfort 1.7m

and convenience LOW-COST HOUSING- more the 1.7m but less than 3 million Pesos

• Ideal residence for city dwellers

POLICIES - IPP 2014 – 2016

Development of a new settlement through joint venture arrangements

with any of the following:

1.Local Government Unit,

2.Affiliate or other related enterprise of the BOI(Philippine Board of

Investments)-

registered entity,

3.Developer accredited by the HLURB.

Modular Housing Components

-covers the manufacture of modular housing components preferably

using indigenous materials.

-Application for registration must be accompanied by an endorsement

from Accreditation of Innovative Technologies for Housing
(AITECH).

HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT COORDINATING

COUNCIL

-Created thru Executive Order No. 90,

-consists of heads of four housing agencies

Southern Tagalog
HLURB (HOUSING AND LAND USE REGULATORY BOARD)
-post are laid with their bottom ends at the footing
-engage in shelter production
Tausug
-low-income families
-equate the building of the house to the devekipment of fetus
PAG-IBIG FUND
Cagayan Valley
-adequate housing through an effective saving scheme.
-first post to be raised is the one positioned nearest to the nearest
NHA (NATIONAL HOUSING
-done after the footings have been sprinkled with wine
AUTHORITY)
Old folks of Bataan
-land use development and real estate and
-caution against solitary post in the middle of the room
housing regulation
-its said to bring misfortune
HGC (HOME GUARANTY CORPORATION)
Yakans
-promoting home ownership to middle and low income families
-do not use crooked wooden posts-symbolizes death

older communities of Bayambang, Pangasinan

CULTURAL BELIEFS IN HOUSING (REGIONAL
CHARACTERISTICS) -bottoms of all wooden posts are first

Charred-prevents termites

-experienced filipino architect is familiar with the common folks Ilocanos

belief
-position their stairs so that they rise with the morning sun.
-many of this belief are based on sound planning
-turning one’s back on fate.
-its more advantaggeous if two faces of the house take in the morning
sun. Can be achieved if a corner of the house Pandi, Bulacan

-stairway facing east= bad luck

Bontoc -If there is no way one can make the stairs face east, at least make
them face any nearby mountain.
-front door of the house must face against the flow
Tagalogs
Romblon
-never use the space beneath the stairs as a sleeping quarters
- roof of the house must slope following the direction of incline of
nearby mountain - business establishments, the place where money is kept should not
be located under the staircase.
Cordilleras
-In homes, neither should rice be kept there because it translates to
-ridge of the roof is always positioned at right angles to the ridge of treading on the grace of God whenever one goes up or down the
the mountain on which the house stands stairs.

Ibalois

-ample spaces underneath the house for future tomb of the owner
When planning a structure with two or more storeys -prefer subdued lighting because they consider eating a solemn
occasion
-the stairway should not be positioned at the center of the structure so
as not to divide the building into two equal parts.

-It is believed that the dried umbilical cord of a son or daughter of the Other cultural belief
house owner inserted in the staircase will strongly bind the stringer
with its supporting girder Applicable to both house owner and tenant, if the former is not
residing in it this superstition is attributed to Pampangos in Central
Luzon.

ORO PLATA MATA  Palm fronds are popular in Filipino houses especially for
Roman Catholic families.
oro (gold), plata (silver), and mata (death). The perfect last step  designing the house- should refrain from having their house
should be oro. Ending up plata is not too bad either in the shape of a cross-will bring the residents bad luck.
but,understandably, do not ever end up with mata.  Doors should never face west.
 Mirrors should never face a house’s main door-mirror will
send out the blessings that are supposed to go inside the
STEPS house.
 During construction, residents or the carpenters working on
Yakans the house should offer a pig or a chicken’s blood through
pouring it to the foundations or posts of the house.
-odd numbering of steps. They also require an  twisting the posts clockwise before cementing it in its place
 child will be lucky if his or her first ever extracted tooth is
odd number of bedrooms. placed under a house’s roof.
Chinese Filipinos  People should never sweep the floor in the evening going to
the direction of the main door and outside the house.
-counts their steps by four  house that is built in the middle of a crossroad and faces the
dead end- bad luck
 imbed the foundation posts with loose coins- for good luck
DOORS  A house must face east, if it could be helped. Sunshine
entering the front door ushers in prosperity
-doors should not face each other. The people in the north associates
 Doors inside houses must not directly parallel other doors
this with the easy passage of a coffin through two doors that directly
face each other that leads outside. Easy exits mean money earned may be
quickly dissipated and never saved
Sta. Maria and San Miguel, Bulacan  As for stairs, they should always turn right, that being the
-wide doors facing each other are considered lucky righteous path.
 Ilocanos of the northernmost oartof the Philippines tend to
cut down aratiles trees growing in front of their houses to
prevent their daughters from being illicitly impregnated
LIVING ROOMS
 To make a house typhoon resistant, the posts should be
Old folks of Sta. Maria, Bulacan turned clockwise before being permanently cemented
 Erecting a house in front of a dead-end street will bring bad
-the floors of the living and dining rooms must be of the same level.
luck
-Overly ornate living and dining room ceilings are avoided  Doors should always be on the right side of the house and
the stairs should always turn to the right to keep a married
couple loyal to each other for life
BEDROOM  Septic tanks must not be constructed higher than the ground
for it would demand sacrifice in human life.
-plan the doors of one’s bedrooms in such a way that when it is  An injury to a construction worker while a house or
opened, one would face neither the foot nor head of the bed. Neither
building is being erected is an omen of bad luck that can be
should you put any bed under a cross beam
neutralized by killing a pig or a white chicken and
-Do not place bedrooms in the basement portion of the house- sacrificing its blood to the spirits.
preferred luckwise

DINING ROOM

Pangpangos

-most of their dining rooms are situated in the sunniest and brightest
locations of the house.

Ilocanos