Q1) Factorize 4(x+y)2 – 28(x2 – y2) + 49(x-y)2.
Solution: Given,
4(x+y)2 – 28(x2 – y2) + 49(x-y)2
Since, by the algebraic formula we know;
x2 – y2 = (x + y) (x – y)
Therefore,
⇒ 4(x+y)2 – 28(x – y) (x + y) + 49(x-y)2
⇒ [2(x+y) – 7(x-y)]2
⇒ [2x + 2y – 7x – 7y]2
⇒ (9y – 5x)2
Q2) Factorize 2axy2 + 10x + 3ay2 + 15.
Solution: 2axy2 + 10x + 3ay2 + 15
Rearranging the terms we have;
⇒ (2axy2 + 3ay2) + (10x + 15)
Taking the common terms we get;
⇒ ay2(2x + 3) +5(2x + 3)
Hence, the required factors are:
⇒ (2x + 3) (ay2 + 5)
Q3) Factor 3x3 - x2y +6x2y - 2xy2 + 3xy2 - y3
Solution:
3x3 - x2y + 6x2y - 2xy2 + 3xy2 - y3=
x2(3x - y) + 2xy(3x - y) + y2(3x-y) =
(3x - y)(x2 + 2xy + y2) =
Applying the formula (x+y) ^2
(3x - y)(x + y)2
Q4) Find the value of m, if x = 1/2 is one of the zeroes of the polynomial p(x) = 4x 4 − 4x3 − mx2 + 12x – 3
Solution:
Given,
p(x) = 4x4 − 4x3 − mx2 + 12x − 3
x = 1/2 is the zero of p(x).
So, x – (1/2) is the factor of p(x).
That means, x – (1/2) divides the polynomial p(x) exactly and the remainder is 0.
By the Remainder theorem,
Remainder (r) = p(a)
p(1/2) = 0
4(1/2)4 − 4(1/2)3 − m(1/2)2 + 12(1/2) − 3 = 0
(4/16) – (4/8) – (m/4) + 6 – 3 = 0
(1/4) – (1/2) – (m/4) + 3 = 0
⇒ m/4 = 3 – (1/4)
⇒ m/4 = (12 – 1)/4
⇒ m = 11
Hence, the value of m is 11.
Q5) Find the exact solution of the polynomial function f(x) = {x}^2+ x -6f(x)=x2+x−6.
To find the solution of the function, we can assume that (x-c) is a polynomial factor, where x=c.
To satisfy the factor theorem, we have f(c) = 0. Therefore,
f(x) = {x}^2+ x -6f(x)=x2+x−6.
{x}^2+ x -6 = 0x2+x−6=0.
By factoring,
(x+3)(x-2) = 0(x+3)(x−2)=0.
This follows that (x+3) and (x-2) are the polynomial factors of the function.
Then, x+3=0, where x=-3 and x-2=0, where x=2
Therefore, the solutions of the function are -3 and 2
Q6) Factorize the given expression:
9x2 + 49y2 + 25z2 - 42xy - 30xz + 70yz
The given expression mimics the algebraic identity (a + b + c)2
(a + b + c)2 = a2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca
9x2 + 49y2 + 25z2 - 42xy - 30xz + 70yz
= (-3x)2 + (7y)2 + (5z)2 + 2(-3x)(7y) + 2(-3x)(5z) + 2(7y)(5z)
∴ (-3x)2 + (7y)2 + (5z)2 + 2(-3x)(7y) + 2(-3x)(5z) + 2(7y)(5z) = (-3x + 7y + 5z)2
(-3x)2 + (7y)2 + (5z)2 + 2(-3x)(7y) + 2(-3x)(5z) + 2(7y)(5z) resembles a2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca
= (-3x + 7y + 5z)(-3x + 7y + 5zy
Q7) Calculate the perimeter of a rectangle whose area is 25x 2 – 35x + 12
Solution:
Given,
Area of rectangle = 25x2 – 35x + 12
We know, area of rectangle = length × breadth
So, by factoring 25x2 – 35x + 12, the length and breadth can be obtained.
25x2 – 35x + 12 = 25x2 – 15x – 20x + 12
=> 25x2 – 35x + 12 = 5x(5x – 3) – 4(5x – 3)
=> 25x2 – 35x + 12 = (5x – 3)(5x – 4)
So, the length and breadth are (5x – 3)(5x – 4).
Now, perimeter = 2(length + breadth)
So, perimeter of the rectangle = 2[(5x – 3)+(5x – 4)]
= 2(5x – 3 + 5x – 4) = 2(10x – 7) = 20x – 14
So, the perimeter = 20x – 14
Q8) If a + b + c = 15 and a2 + b2 + c2 = 83, find the value of a3 + b3 + c3 – 3abc.
We know that,
a3 + b3 + c3 – 3abc = (a + b + c)(a2 + b2 + c2 – ab – bc – ca) ….(i)
(a + b + c)2 = a2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca ….(ii)
Given, a + b + c = 15 and a2 + b2 + c2 = 83
From (ii), we have
152 = 83 + 2(ab + bc + ca)
⇒ 225 – 83 = 2(ab + bc + ca)
⇒ 142/2 = ab + bc + ca
⇒ ab + bc + ca = 71
Now, (i) can be written as
a3 + b3 + c3 – 3abc = (a + b + c)[(a2 + b2 + c2 ) – (ab + bc + ca)]
a3 + b3 + c3 – 3abc = 15 × [83 – 71] = 15 × 12 = 180.
Q9) Find the values of a and b so that (2x3 + ax2 + x + b) has (x + 2) and (2x – 1) as factors.
Solution:
Let p(x) = 2x3 + ax2 + x + b. Then, p( –2) = and p(½) = 0.
p(2) = 2(2)3 + a(2)2 + 2 + b = 0
⇒ –16 + 4a – 2 + b = 0 ⇒ 4a + b = 18 ….(i)
p(½) = 2(½)3 + a(½)2 + (½) + b = 0
⇒ a + 4b = –3 ….(ii)
On solving (i) and (ii), we get a = 5 and b = –2.
Hence, a = 5 and b = –2.
Q10) Find the value of x3 + y3 + z3 – 3xyz if x2 + y2 + z2 = 83 and x + y + z = 15
Solution:
Consider the equation x + y + z = 15
From algebraic identities, we know that (a + b + c)2 = a2 + b2 + c2 + 2(ab + bc + ca)
So,
(x + y + z)2 = x2 + y2 + z2 + 2(xy + yz + xz)
From the question, x2 + y2 + z2 = 83 and x + y + z = 15
So,
152 = 83 + 2(xy + yz + xz)
=> 225 – 83 = 2(xy + yz + xz)
Or, xy + yz + xz = 142/2 = 71
Using algebraic identity a³ + b³ + c³ – 3abc = (a + b + c)(a² + b² + c² – ab – bc – ca),
x3 + y3 + z3 – 3xyz = (x + y + z)(x² + y² + z² – (xy + yz + xz))
Now,
x + y + z = 15, x² + y² + z² = 83 and xy + yz + xz = 71
So, x3 + y3 + z3 – 3xyz = 15(83 – 71)
=> x3 + y3 + z3 – 3xyz = 15 × 12
Or, x3 + y3 + z3 – 3xyz = 180
Q11) (2x−3y)3 + (4z−2x) 3 + (3y−4z) 3
Solution:
(2x−3y)3 + (4z−2x) 3 + (3y−4z) 3
Let 2x – 3y = a , 4z – 2x = b , 3y – 4z = c
a + b + c= 2x – 3y + 4z – 2x + 3y – 4z = 0
We know, a3 + b3 + c3 −3abc = (a + b + c)(a2+b2+c2−ab−bc−ca)
⇒ a3 + b3 + c3 −3abc = 0
(2x−3y)3 + (4z−2x) 3 + (3y−4z) 3 = 3(2x−3y)(4z−2x)(3y−4z)
