Estimate Cooling Load for CAD/CAM Lab of your institute.
S-19
CAD/CAM Lab specifications:
Lab Size: L x W x H m3 Where L = Room length in m, W = Width in m, H = Height in m
No of occupants N = 20
No. of Computers NC = 20 i -5
No of tube lights NL = 8
No of ceiling fans NF = 6
The various sources of sensible & latent heat in CAD/CAM Lab are listed and explained
below:
a) People/Occupant Load – Source of sensible as well as latent heat
b) Air Infiltration Load – Source of sensible as well as latent heat
c) Electrical Lighting Load – Source of sensible heat only
d) Wall Heat (Conductive) Load – Source of sensible heat only
e) Solar Heat Load – Source of sensible heat only
f) Electronic Appliance Load (due to Computers) -– Source of sensible heat only
g) Ventilation Load – Source of sensible as well as latent heat
h) Power Equipment Load (Fan Load) – Source of sensible heat only
People/Occupant Load: This heat gain depends on no. of occupants, nature of activity
performed, age, sex, body structure & metabolism, of occupants.
Sensible heat gain from occupants Qsensible = QS per person X N
Latent heat gain from occupants Qlatent = QL per person X N
Total heat gain from occupants QO = Qsensible + Qlatent
Air Infiltration Load: Outside air enters conditioned lab through cracks in doors, windows,
etc. or through door openings adding sensible as well as latent heat. The volume of air
infiltration can be calculated by air change method as shown below:
VI = L x W x H x Ac m3/min Where Ac = Air changes per hour
60
Total Heat added by infiltration air
QI = (Sensible Heat gain + Latent Heat gain) due to air infiltratio n
The Sensible Heat gain & Latent Heat gain due to air infiltration is calculated by
measuring the average differences in temperature & humidity readings of outside
and inside air.
Wall Heat (Conductive) Load: Heat gain through walls, floor, ceiling, doors, windows,
etc. due to temperature difference between the outside and inside air is a major source of
sensible heat load. This load can be calculated as
QW = U A (To –Ti)
Where U = Overall heat transfer coefficient in W/m2 oC
A = Total Wall Area in m2
To = Temperature of outside air in oC
Ti = Temperature of inside air in oC
Electrical Lighting Load:
The sensible heat gained from electric lighting is calculated as follows:
QL = Total Wattage X Use Factor X Allowance Factor
Where Use Factor = 1 (for commercial applications)
Allowance Factor is based on type of lighting
Solar Heat Load:
The solar heat gain constitute a major source of sensible heat load. It consists of:
Direct Solar Heat transmitted through transparent glass windows, doors, etc.
Indirect Solar Heat gained by convection & radiation from walls & other
structures exposed to solar radiations
Total Solar heat gain QS = Direct Solar Heat gain + Indirect Solar Heat gain
Appliance Load:
The electronic appliances viz. computers & laptops result in addition of sensible heat load.
It is calculated as follows:
QA = Heat dissipated per computers X No of computers in use
Equipment Load: The power equipment such as fan/blowers motors, etc. add sensible
heat to the conditioned space and calculated as follows:
QE = Power Rating of Fan Motor in kW x Load Factor
Motor Efficiency
Ventilation Load:
The fresh air from outside brought into the conditioned space to maintain freshness &
purity of air add sensible heat as well as latent heat. The ventilation load is calculated in a
manner similar to air infiltration load and depends on:
i. Average number of occupants in the conditioned space.
ii. Nature of activity in the conditioned space.
iii. Amount of air infiltration into the conditioned space
Total Cooling Load Q = QO + QI + QW + QL+ QS + QA + QE + QL
