FORMATIVE & SUMMATIVE - MODULE ANSWERS

FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT
123511 | 123514 | 123515 – COMBO 8

CHAPTER 1 – SAFETY

1. Describe a safe direction if indoors: (1 Mark)

• If indoors, Choose the thickest wall and aim at an angle where the wall and floor meet, preferably in a corner.

2. Name 4 Golden Rules of Safety to always abide by: (4 Marks)

• Rule No 1 : Always point a firearm in a safe direction.
• Rule No 2 : Always keep your finger off the trigger until ready to shoot.
• Rule No 3 : Always treat a firearm as if it is loaded.
• Rule No 4 : Correctly identify the target and what is beyond it.

3. Name 2 rules applicable to public safety: (2 Marks)

• Never handle a firearm in public unnecessarily.
• The firearm should never be used under the influence of alcohol or a substance that has a narcotic effect on the body.
• Never leave a firearm unattended.
• Never point your firearm at another person without good reason to do so (self-defence/private defence).
• Always conceal your firearm and properly secure it in suitable functional bag, case, or holster.
• Never attempt to modify your firearm.
• Keep firearms out of reach of children.
• A firearm should always be under your direct supervision and control or in a prescribed safe.
• Correctly identify your target and take into consideration innocent bystanders and property.
• Never fire into the air as the basic laws of physics prove that what goes up must come down and can cause injury or
even death.

4. Name 2 rules applicable to personal safety: (2 Mark)

• Always know the condition of your firearm.
• Always maintain a safe direction.
• Remember always keep your finger away from the trigger until ready to shoot.
• Take care when re-loading ammunition for your own use.
• Ensure that you use the correct ammunition for your firearm.
• Always clean your firearm from excessive oils and obstructions. This should be done before and after use. If you have
not used your firearm for a long period of time, clean and inspect before use.
• Always use eye and ear protection when shooting.
• Make sure your firearm is always in a good working condition. A broken firearm is no firearm.
• Repairs should be carried out by an accredited gunsmith.
• A firearm should always be under your direct supervision and control or in a prescribed safe.

5. Name 2 things to consider when establishing a safe direction in a parking area: (2 Marks)
• Take into consideration innocent bystanders and property (Safe handling).
• Is there a tree available to use as a bullet trap?
• Is there a plant bedding or grass available with a soft surface?
• Is there a solid wall and floor that can be used to reduce energy of bullet keeping in mind aiming where the wall and
floor meet?

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CHAPTER 2 – HANDLE AND USE FIREARMS

6. Fill out the missing parts: (5 Marks)

7. Name 4 parts of a semi-automatic pistol: (4 Marks)

• Frame
• Barrel
• Slide
• Action
• Muzzle
• Slide Lock
• Trigger
• Trigger Guard
• Grip
• Tang
• Hammer
• Hammer Spur
• Safety Catch
• Front Sight
• Rear Sight
• Magazine
• Magazine Well
• Chamber
• Rifling
• Magazine Release

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8. Fill out the missing parts: (5 Marks)

9. Name 4 parts of a revolver: (4 Marks)

• Frame
• Barrel
• Cylinder
• Action
• Rifling
• Muzzle
• Ejector / Star
• Ejector rod
• Chambers
• Cylinder
• Top Strap
• Trigger
• Trigger Guard
• Grip
• Cylinder Release catch
• Hammer
• Hammer Spur
• Rear Sight
• Front Sight

10. Fill out the missing parts: (5 Marks)

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11. Name 3 parts of a self-loading rifle: (3 Marks)
• Receiver
• Barrel
• Action
• Front sight (type)
• Rear sight (type)
• Safety catches
• Rear grip/pistol grip
• Fore-end/fore-grip
• Magazine
• Magazine well
• Magazine release
• Trigger
• Trigger guard
• Frame
• Cocking bolt/lever
• Muzzle
• Chamber
• Rifling

12. Fill out the missing parts: (5 Marks)

13. Fill out the missing parts: (6 Marks)

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14. Name 3 parts of a shotgun: (3 Marks)
• Receiver
• Barrel
• Action
• Front sight | Bead Sight
• Rear sight
• Safety catch
• Rear grip/Pistol grip
• Fore-end
• Magazine tube
• Trigger
• Trigger guard
• Muzzle
• Chamber

15. Name 2 advantages of a pistol over a revolver: (2 Marks)

• Has a bigger ammunition capacity
• Reloads faster
• Many semi-automatic pistols conceal easier than revolver
• Fires more rounds per minute than revolver
• Some pistols are slightly lighter than revolvers

16. Name 3 advantages of a self-loading rifle over a handgun: (3 Marks)

• Have a bigger ammunition capacity.
• Is more controllable when firing.
• Fires high number of rounds per minute.
• Self-loading rifles is very accurate over long distance.
• Self-loading rifle is more powerful than handguns.

17. Name 3 advantages of the pump action shotgun over a handgun and rifle: (3 Marks)
• A pump action shotgun looks very intimidating.
• Pump action shotgun has better stopping power.
• A shotgun is simple to operate.
• When shooting in low light conditions you do not have to be very accurate to hit your target.
• A pump action shotgun can be used for different functions from shooting targets to taking down door. Variety of
ammunition for different tasks.

18. Explain the basic functioning of a semi-automatic pistol in correct sequence: (5 Marks)
• Once the magazine is inserted into a semi-automatic pistol the slide needs to be racked to chamber the first cartridge
from the magazine. Once the trigger is squeezed the hammer moves forward, striking the firing pin, that strikes the
primer, which explodes and sends a flash through the flash hole into the case. The flash ignites the propellant which
burns, developing expanding gasses and this pushes the bullet through & out the barrel. Pressure forces the slide to
move to the rear ejecting the empty case and chambering the next cartridge when the slide moves forward.

19. Explain the basic functioning of a self-loading rifle or carbine in correct sequence: (5 Marks)
• Once the magazine is inserted into a self-loading rifle the cocking handle needs to be racked to chamber
the first cartridge from the magazine. Once the trigger is squeezed the hammer moves forward, striking
the firing pin. Pressure forces the moving parts to the rear, ejecting the empty cartridge and chambering
the next cartridge.

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20. Explain the basic functioning of a shotgun in correct sequence: (5 Mark)
• Once the magazine tube is filled with ammunition the fore end release button must be held down and the fore-end
racked to the rear and front chambering the first cartridge from the magazine tube into the chamber. Once the trigger
is squeezed the firing pin strikes the primer. Thereafter the fore end grip needs to be racked to the rear and front
after every shot to eject and chamber a new cartridge.

21. What should a Person do when receiving a firearm from another person: (1 Mark)
• Safety Precaution

22. Self-loading rifle function check will be conducted in the following manner: (5 Marks)
• STEP 1: Point the muzzle into the bullet trap/safe direction
• STEP 2: Rack the cocking grip to see that the action functions.
• STEP 3: The safety can be engaged to see if the trigger is blocked when the trigger is squeezed.
• STEP 4: Safety catch can be released, and the trigger squeezed to check that hammer and trigger functions.
• STEP 5: The cocking grip can be racked a few times to see that when released it goes into battery.

23. Shotgun function check will be conducted in the following manner: (6 Marks)
• STEP 1: Point the muzzle into the bullet trap/Safe direction.
• STEP 2: Try to open the action by pulling the fore end to the rear. Should stay locked until fore end release is pressed.
• STEP 3: Open and close the action to see that it functions.
• STEP 4: The action can also be pulled to the rear and forward slowly (look through ejection port) to see that the lifter
functions.
• STEP 5: The safety can be engaged to see if the trigger is blocked when the trigger is squeezed.
• STEP 6: Safety catch can be released, and the trigger squeezed to check trigger functions.

24. Name 4 steps to draw a semi-automatic pistol safely? (4 Marks)

• STEP 1: Place your hand on the grip of the firearm extending your trigger finger over the holster.
• STEP 2: Draw the firearm keeping your trigger finger extended.
• STEP 3: Bring the firearm up in front of your body.
• STEP 4: Then push the firearm straight out aligning your sights with your eyes.

25. Name 6 steps to be followed when doing a rapid reload with a semi-automatic pistol (6 Marks)
• STEP 1: Bring your elbow of the firing hand into your side. Firearm must be just underneath eye level, so that you can
still see what is happening with the attack.
• STEP 2: Press the magazine release with your firing hands thumb (the magazine should just drop to the ground). The
firearm should be slightly tilted.
• STEP 3: When the magazine drops your weak hand should reach for the next magazine in your magazine pouch.
• STEP 4: The ammunition in the magazine should be facing down to the ground and pointing forward. Using your non-
shooting hand grip the magazine and with your index finger straight out against the magazine almost touching the
first round (this will help you guide the magazine into the magazine well).
• STEP 5: Once the magazine is inserted into the magazine well use the palm of your non-shooting hand to tap the
magazine into place.
• STEP 6: Pull the hammer to the rear using your strong hand thumb. The firearm is now loaded and ready to be fired.

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26. How would you conduct a rapid reload with a self-loading rifle? (5 Marks)
• STEP 1: Bring the firearm closer to your body. Firearm must be just underneath eye level (so that you can still see
what’s happening with the attack).
• STEP 2: Press the magazine release with your non-firing hand (the magazine should just drop to the ground). Tilt the
firearm slightly.
• STEP 3: When the magazine drops your weak hand should reach for your next magazine in your magazine poach or
carrier.
• STEP 4: The ammunition in the magazine should be facing down & forward to the ground and pointing forward. Using
your non-firing hand grip the magazine and place it into the magazine housing (keeping your eyes on the target).
• STEP 5: Continue firing.

27. How would you conduct a rapid reload with a pump action shotgun? (4 Marks)
• Step 1: Keep your firearm pointing towards your target removing your finger from the trigger.
• Step 2: Use your support hand to remove cartridges from the ammo carrier or belt. This should be done without
removing your eyes from the target.
• Step 3: Using your support hand guide the cartridges into the magazine tube (keeping your firearm on the target).
• Step 4: Continue firing

28. Name 2 different types of safeties for a handgun: (2 Marks)

• Thumb safety
• Grip Safety
• Magazine Safety
• Hammer drop Safety

29. Name 2 different types of safeties for a self-loading rifle: (2 Marks)

• Thumb safety
• Grip Safety
• Magazine Safety

30. Name 1 type of safety for a shotgun: (1 Marks)

• Thumb Safety (Lever or Button Safety)

31. Name and explain 2 carry conditions with a self-loading rifle? (2 Marks)
• Condition 1 – A fully loaded magazine inserted, a cartridge in the chamber, the safety device disengaged.
• Condition 2 – A fully loaded magazine inserted, a cartridge in the chamber, the safety catch is engaged.
• Condition 3 – A fully loaded magazine inserted, no cartridge in the chamber, the safety catch is disengaged.
• Condition 4 – There is no magazine inserted into the firearm, the chamber is empty.

32. Name and explain 2 carry conditions with a shotgun? (2 Marks)

• Condition 1 – A fully loaded magazine tube, a cartridge in the chamber, safety catch is disengaged.
• Condition 2 – A fully loaded magazine tube, a cartridge in the chamber, and the safety device engaged.
• Condition 3 – A fully loaded magazine tube, no cartridge in the chamber, safety catch is disengaged.
• Condition 4 – There is no ammunition in the magazine tube, the chamber is empty.

When transporting your shotgun, it should be in a bag in an unloaded condition, no live ammunition in the chambers or
magazine tube.

33. Its compulsory to check your _________ regarding the carry condition of your firearm when preforming your duty? (1 Marks)
• Company policy

34. Name 4 things to do when moving with a firearm: (4 Marks)

• When moving with a firearm it is important to take into consideration personal safety and the safety of others.
• Always maintain a safe direction.
• Keep your finger off the trigger until ready to shoot.
• Know your target and what is beyond it. Always keep your eyes on the target.

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35. When shooting at night or in low light conditions there are 2 main obstacles namely? (2 Marks)
• Limited vision or no vision.
• Sights cannot be seen (Sight picture).

36. Name 3 Flashlight Techniques (3 Marks)

• Harries Technique
• FBI Technique
• Ayoob Technique
• Mounted Flashlight

CHAPTER 3 – AMMUNITION

37. Name 4 component of a complete cartridge for a handgun, self-loading rifle (4 Marks)
• Case
• Primer
• Powder
• Bullet

38. Name 5 component of a complete cartridge for a shotgun: (5 Marks)

• Case
• Primer
• Powder
• Pellets (shot)
• Wad

39. Explain the difference between Boxer and Berdan primer: (2 Mark)
• BERDAN PRIMER
Berdan primers was invented by Hiram Berdan and has two flash holes. With the Berdan primer the anvil is an integral
part of the case

• BOXER PRIMER
Boxer primer was invented by Edward Boxer and has one flash hole. With the Boxer primer the anvil is an integral part
of the primer

40. Explain the terms “Roll crimp” and “Star crimp”: (3 Mark)
• Star Crimp
Star crimp has the shape of a star and is crimped to the inside sealing and compressing the shot. It is only used for
birdshot.

• Roll Crimp
Roll crimp is closed off with a round shaped paper or piece of plastic. It is only used for buckshot.

41. Name the firing sequence of a cartridge for a handgun & self-loading rifle: (5 Marks)
• The firing pin strikes the primer, which creates a flash through the flash hole, igniting the powder. The powder burns,
creating expanding gasses and pressure that pushes the bullet out of the case through the barrel. The bullet is the
only part of a cartridge that hits the target.

42. Name the firing sequence of a cartridge for a shotgun: (5 Marks)

• ① The firing pin strikes the primer, ② which creates a flash through the flash hole, igniting the powder. ③ The powder
burns, creating expanding gasses and pressure ④ that pushes the pellets and wad out of the case through the barrel.
⑤ The pellets and the wad are the only parts of a cartridge that hits the target.

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43. Name 3 Bullet types: (3 Mark)
• Solid bullet
• Expanding bullet
• Fragmenting bullet

44. Name 2 common handgun calibres: (2 Mark)

• .22 Short
• .22 Long
• 9mm Short
• 9mm Parabellum
• .38 Special
• .357 Mag
• 40 S&W
• .45 ACP

45. Name 2 common self-loading or carbine calibres: (2 Mark)

• .22 Long
• 9mm Short
• 9mm Parabellum
• .223
• .308

46. Name 2 common shotgun calibres or loads: (2 Mark)

CHAPTER 4 – MALFUNCTIONS

47. What process is followed to rectify a malfunction safely & efficiently? (1 Mark)
• Immediate Action Drill

48. Name 3 common ammunition malfunctions: (3 Marks)

• Hang fire
• Misfire/Dud
• Squib load

49. Name 2 possible causes for the malfunction “fail to extract”: (2 Mark)
• Ejector broken
• Extractor broken
• Cartridge Rim damaged
• Cartridge corroded or faulty

50. A dead or a faulty primer usually causes what malfunction? (1 Mark)

• Misfire/dud

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CHAPTER 5 – MAINTENANCE

51. Name 3 components of a cleaning kit: (3 Marks)

• Gun Oil
• Nitro Solvent
• Phosphor bronze brush
• Cleaning rod
• A Jag
• Flannel Patches

52. What is the golden rule when cleaning your firearm: (1 Mark)
• The golden rule when cleaning firearms is to make sure your firearm is safe.

53. Explain the purpose of flannel patches: (1 Mark)

• Used to wipe off excessive oils and clean the firearm.

54. You notice a mechanical problem on your firearm, by whom should you have it repaired: (1 Mark)
• An accredited gunsmith.

CHAPTER 6 – FUNDAMENTALS

55. Name 2 advantages of the kneeling position: (2 Mark)

• Provides a stable shooting platform.
• Makes the body a smaller target.
• From this position shooting is in an upwards direction, should your target be missed, chances are reduced of hitting
innocent bystanders.

56. Name 2 Kneeling positions: (2 Marks)

• High Kneeling
• Low Kneeling

57. When squeezing the trigger, it must be a gentle action that does not disturb? (1 Mark)
• This action must be a gentle action that does not disturb your sight picture or sight alignment.

58. When squeezing the trigger, how much pressure must be applied from start to finish? (1 Mark)
• An even amount of pressure must be applied from start to finish.

59. When holding your breath while shooting this could cause? Name one negative effect (1 Mark)
• lack of oxygen to the brain and could cause trembling.

60. Explain the term flinch: (1 Mark)

• Flinching is the body's natural reaction to the knowledge that it is about to absorb a blow (Recoil or muzzle blast).

61. How would you achieve the correct follow through? (2 Marks)
• Practise
• Experience

62. Name 3 things to do when using a barricade (3 marks)

• Make sure you expose as little of your body as possible.
• Never put your firearm passed the barricade as you don’t know what is behind it.
• You can move back behind the barricade to give yourself enough space to be efficient.

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CHAPTER 7 – MENTAL PREPARATION

63. Crime consists of 3 main factors namely? (3 Marks)

• Criminal
• Victim
• Opportunity

64. Name 5 colour codes of awareness (5 Marks)

• White
• Yellow
• Orange
• Red
• Black

65. Name 4 stages of decision cycle (OODA Loop) (4 Marks)

• OBSERVE
• ORIENT
• DECIDE
• ACT

66. Name 5 side effects of Adrenaline (5 Marks)

• Increased heart rate
• High blood pressure
• Sweating from body temperature rising
• Heavy breathing
• Body starts shaking
• Tunnel vision
• Loss of fine motor skills

CHAPTER 8 – SHOOTING RANGE

67. Name 2 Range Rules: (2 Marks)

• When arriving at the shooting range, the shooting range register must be completed.
• Firearms must be in a holster, bag or designed case and not be removed until instructed to do so by the range officer.
• No firearms to be handled until instructed to do so by the range officer.
• Once on the firing line, you are not permitted to turn around with a loaded firearm.
• Range officer’s commands must be adhered to at all times.
• No person under the influence of alcohol or a substance with a narcotic effect is allowed on the shooting range.
• Never load your firearm with people in front of you.
• Always maintain a safe direction.
• Shooting is only to commence on range officer’s command.
• Should you have a malfunction or stoppage which cannot be rectified by yourself, keep your muzzle pointing in a safe
direction, raise your support hand and wait for the range officer’s assistance.
• Personal protection equipment (eye- and ear protection) is compulsory when shooting.
• Bystanders or spectators must remain at a safe distance of 10m behind the firing line and must wear personal
protection equipment.

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68. Name 3 Range Commands: (3 Marks)
• Detail on the firing line!
• Range is closed or hot!
• Facing downrange, load and make ready!
• Shooter ready?
• Standby!
• Blow of whistle or buzzer
• Second blow of whistle or buzzer
• Unload, make safe and hold for inspection
• Slide forward, hammer down and holster
• Range is clear
• Cease fire

69. Name 2 articles of personal protective equipment: (4 Marks)

• Eye Protection
• Ear Protection

CHAPTER 9 – LAW

70. Complete the following: (1 Marks)

• PRIVATE DEFENCE is the counter measure that involves defending oneself, or someone else from an attack or harm
and is a legal justification for the use of reasonable force when in danger.

71. Complete the following: (1 Marks)

• SELF-DEFENCE forms part of private defence as there is no distinguishable difference, except that self-defence one
only defends oneself.

72. Complete the following: (1 mark)

• DEADLY FORCE means force that is likely to cause serious bodily harm or death and includes, but is not limited to,
shooting at a suspect with a firearm.

73. THE ATTACK…. (Choose the correct option) (1 Mark)

• d) All of the Above

74. THE DEFENCE…. (Choose the correct option) (1 Mark)

• f) All of the Above

75. What is meant by the term ‘use a firearm’? (2 Mark)

• firing of a firearm
• Pointing of a firearm without firing.
• Handling of a firearm (loading / unloading).
• Handling of a firearm (malfunctions).

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 SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT
123511 | 123514 | 123515 – COMBO 8

QUESTIONNAIRE A

1. Describe a safe direction if indoors: (1 Mark)

• If indoors, Choose the thickest wall and aim at an angle where the wall and floor meet, preferably in a corner.

2. Name 4 Golden Rules of Safety to always abide by: (4 Marks)

• Rule No 1 : Always point a firearm in a safe direction.
• Rule No 2 : Always keep your finger off the trigger until ready to shoot.
• Rule No 3 : Always treat a firearm as if it is loaded.
• Rule No 4 : Correctly identify the target and what is beyond it.

3. Name 2 rules applicable to public safety: (2 Marks)

• Never handle a firearm in public unnecessarily.
• The firearm should never be used under the influence of alcohol or a substance that has a narcotic effect on the body.
• Never leave a firearm unattended.
• Never point your firearm at another person without good reason to do so (self-defence/private defence).
• Always conceal your firearm and properly secure it in suitable functional bag, case, or holster.
• Never attempt to modify your firearm.
• Keep firearms out of reach of children.
• A firearm should always be under your direct supervision and control or in a prescribed safe.
• Correctly identify your target and take into consideration innocent bystanders and property.
• Never fire into the air as the basic laws of physics prove that what goes up must come down and can cause injury or
even death.

4. Name 2 rules applicable to personal safety: (2 Mark)

• Always know the condition of your firearm.
• Always maintain a safe direction.
• Remember always keep your finger away from the trigger until ready to shoot.
• Take care when re-loading ammunition for your own use.
• Ensure that you use the correct ammunition for your firearm.
• Always clean your firearm from excessive oils and obstructions. This should be done before and after use. If you have
not used your firearm for a long period of time, clean and inspect before use.
• Always use eye and ear protection when shooting.
• Make sure your firearm is always in a good working condition. A broken firearm is no firearm.
• Repairs should be carried out by an accredited gunsmith.
• A firearm should always be under your direct supervision and control or in a prescribed safe.

5. Name 4 parts of a semi-automatic pistol: (4 Marks)

• Frame
• Barrel
• Slide
• Action
• Muzzle
• Slide Lock
• Trigger
• Trigger Guard
• Grip
• Tang
• Hammer

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• Hammer Spur
• Safety Catch
• Front Sight
• Rear Sight
• Magazine
• Magazine Well
• Chamber
• Rifling
• Magazine Release

6. Name 2 advantages of a pistol over a revolver: (2 Marks)

• Has a bigger ammunition capacity
• Reloads faster
• Many semi-automatic pistols conceal easier than revolver
• Fires more rounds per minute than revolver
• Some pistols are slightly lighter than revolvers
• to be pulled up and to the rear and then pushed forward and down to lock the bolt chambering the second
cartridge. Every shot fired the same action with the bolt needs to be followed.

7. Explain the basic functioning of a semi-automatic pistol in correct sequence: (5 Mark)

• Once the magazine is inserted into a semi-automatic pistol the slide needs to be racked to chamber the first cartridge
from the magazine. Once the trigger is squeezed the hammer moves forward, striking the firing pin, that strikes the
primer, which explodes and sends a flash through the flash hole into the case. The flash ignites the propellant which
burns, developing expanding gasses and this pushes the bullet through & out the barrel. Pressure forces the slide to
move to the rear ejecting the empty case and chambering the next cartridge when the slide moves forward.

8. What should a Person do when receiving a firearm from another person: (1 Mark)
• Safety Precaution

9. Name 3 Flashlight Techniques (3 Marks)

• Harries Technique
• FBI Technique
• Ayoob Technique
• Mounted flashlight

10. When shooting at night or in low light conditions there are 2 main obstacles namely? (2 Marks)
• Limited vision or no vision.
• Sights cannot be seen (Sight picture).

11. Name 4 component of a complete cartridge for a handgun & self-loading rifle (4 Marks)
• Case
• Primer
• Powder
• Bullet

12. Name 5 component of a complete cartridge for a shotgun: (5 Marks)

• Case
• Primer
• Powder
• Pellets (shot)
• Wad

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13. Explain the difference between Boxer and Berdan primer: (2 Mark)
• BERDAN PRIMER
Berdan primers was invented by Hiram Berdan and has two flash holes. With the Berdan primer the anvil is an integral
part of the case

• BOXER PRIMER
Boxer primer was invented by Edward Boxer and has one flash hole. With the Boxer primer the anvil is an integral part
of the primer

14. Explain the terms “Roll crimp” and “Star crimp”: (3 Mark)
• Star Crimp
Star crimp has the shape of a star and is crimped to the inside sealing and compressing the shot. It is only used for
birdshot.

• Roll Crimp
Roll crimp is closed off with a round shaped paper or piece of plastic. It is only used for buckshot.

15. Name 3 Bullet types: (3 Mark)

• Solid bullet
• Expanding bullet
• Fragmenting bullet

16. Name 2 common handgun calibres: (2 Mark)

• .22 Short
• .22 Long
• 9mm Short
• 9mm Parabellum
• .38 Special
• .357 Mag
• 40 S&W
• .45 ACP

17. Name 2 common self-loading or carbine calibres: (2 Mark)

• .22 Long
• 9mm Short
• 9mm Parabellum
• .223
• .308

18. Name 2 common shotgun calibres or loads: (2 Mark)

19. What process is followed to rectify a malfunction safely & efficiently? (1 Mark)
• Immediate Action Drill

20. A dead or a faulty primer usually causes what malfunction? (1 Mark)

• Misfire

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21. What is the golden rule when cleaning your firearm? (1 Mark)
• The golden rule when cleaning firearms is to make sure your firearm is safe.

22. Explain the purpose of flannel patches: (1 Mark)

• Used to wipe off excessive oils and clean the firearm.

23. Name 2 advantages of the kneeling position: (2 Mark)

• Provides a stable shooting platform.
• Makes the body a smaller target.
• From this position shooting is in an upwards direction, should your target be missed, chances are reduced of hitting
innocent bystanders.

24. Name 3 things to do when using a barricade (3 marks)

• Make sure you expose as little of your body as possible.
• Never put your firearm passed the barricade as you don’t know what is behind it.
• You can move back behind the barricade to give yourself enough space to be efficient.

25. Name 5 colour codes of awareness (5 Marks)

• White
• Yellow
• Orange
• Red
• Black

26. Name 5 side effects of Adrenaline (5 Marks)

• Increased heart rate
• High blood pressure
• Sweating from body temperature rising
• Heavy breathing
• Body starts shaking
• Tunnel vision
• Loss of fine motor skills

27. Name 2 Range Rules: (2 Marks)

• When arriving at the shooting range, the shooting range register must be completed.
• Firearms must be in a holster, bag or designed case and not be removed until instructed to do so by the range officer.
• No firearms to be handled until instructed to do so by the range officer.
• Once on the firing line, you are not permitted to turn around with a loaded firearm.
• Range officer’s commands must be adhered to at all times.
• No person under the influence of alcohol or a substance with a narcotic effect is allowed on the shooting range.
• Never load your firearm with people in front of you.
• Always maintain a safe direction.
• Shooting is only to commence on range officer’s command.
• Should you have a malfunction or stoppage which cannot be rectified by yourself, keep your muzzle pointing in a safe
direction, raise your support hand and wait for the range officer’s assistance.
• Personal protection equipment (eye- and ear protection) is compulsory when shooting.
• Bystanders or spectators must remain at a safe distance of 10m behind the firing line and must wear personal
protection equipment.

28. Name 2 articles of personal protection equipment: (2 Marks)

• Eye Protection
• Ear Protection

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29. Name 3 Range Commands: (3 Marks)
• Detail on the firing line!
• Range is closed or hot!
• Facing downrange, load and make ready!
• Shooter ready?
• Standby!
• Blow of whistle or buzzer
• Second blow of whistle or buzzer
• Unload, make safe and hold for inspection
• Slide forward, hammer down and holster
• Range is clear
• Cease fire

30. Complete the following: (1 Marks)

• PRIVATE DEFENCE is the counter measure that involves defending oneself, or someone else from an attack or harm
and is a legal justification for the use of reasonable force when in danger.

31. Complete the following: (1 Marks)

• SELF-DEFENCE forms part of private defence as there is no distinguishable difference, except that self-defence one
only defends oneself.

32. Complete the following: (1 mark)

• DEADLY FORCE means force that is likely to cause serious bodily harm or death and includes, but is not limited to,
shooting at a suspect with a firearm.

33. THE ATTACK…. (Choose the correct option) (1 Mark)

• d) All of the Above

34. THE DEFENCE…. (Choose the correct option) (1 Mark)

• f) All of the Above

35. What is meant by the term ‘use a firearm’? (2 Mark)

• firing of a firearm
• Pointing of a firearm without firing.
• Handling of a firearm (loading / unloading).
• Handling of a firearm (malfunctions).

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QUESTIONNAIRE B

1. Fill out the missing parts: (5 Marks)

2. Fill out the missing parts: (5 Marks)

3. Fill out the missing parts: (6 Marks)

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4. What should a Person do when receiving a firearm from another person: (1 Mark)
• Safety Precaution

5. Name 4 steps to draw a semi-automatic pistol safely? (4 Marks)

• STEP 1: Place your hand on the grip of the firearm extending your trigger finger over the holster.
• STEP 2: Draw the firearm keeping your trigger finger extended.
• STEP 3: Bring the firearm up in front of your body.
• STEP 4: Then push the firearm straight out aligning your sights with your eyes.

6. How would you conduct a rapid reload with a self-loading rifle? (5 Marks)
• STEP 1: Bring the firearm closer to your body. Firearm must be just underneath eye level (so that you can still see
what’s happening with the attack).
• STEP 2: Press the magazine release with your non-firing hand (the magazine should just drop to the ground). Tilt the
firearm slightly.
• STEP 3: When the magazine drops your weak hand should reach for your next magazine in your magazine poach or
carrier.
• STEP 4: The ammunition in the magazine should be facing down & forward to the ground and pointing forward. Using
your non-firing hand grip the magazine and place it into the magazine housing (keeping your eyes on the target).
• STEP 5: Continue firing.

7. How would you conduct a rapid reload with a pump action shotgun? (4 Marks)
• Step 1: Keep your firearm pointing towards your target removing your finger from the trigger.
• Step 2: Use your support hand to remove cartridges from the ammo carrier or belt. This should be done without
removing your eyes from the target.
• Step 3: Using your support hand guide the cartridges into the magazine tube (keeping your firearm on the target).
• Step 4: Continue firing

8. Name 2 different types of safeties for a handgun: (2 Marks)

• Thumb safety
• Grip Safety
• Magazine Safety
• Hammer drop Safety

9. Name 2 different types of safeties for a self-loading rifle: (2 Marks)

• Thumb safety
• Grip Safety
• Magazine Safety

10. Name 1 type of safety for a shotgun: (1 Marks)

• Thumb Safety (Lever or Button Safety)

11. When shooting at night or in low light conditions there are 2 main obstacles namely? (2 Marks)
• Limited vision or no vision.
• Sights cannot be seen (Sight picture).

12. Name 3 Flashlight Techniques (3 Marks)

• Harries Technique
• FBI Technique
• Ayoob Technique
• Mounted flashlight

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13. Name 4 component of a complete cartridge for a handgun & self-loading rifle (4 Marks)
• Case
• Primer
• Powder
• Bullet

14. Name 3 Bullet types: (3 Mark)

• Solid bullet
• Expanding bullet
• Fragmenting bullet

15. Name 2 common handgun calibres: (2 Mark)

• .22 Short
• .22 Long
• 9mm Short
• 9mm Parabellum
• .38 Special
• .357 Mag
• 40 S&W
• .45 ACP

16. Name 2 common self-loading or carbine calibres: (2 Mark)

• .22 Long
• 9mm Short
• 9mm Parabellum
• .223
• .308

17. Name 2 common shotgun calibres or loads: (2 Mark)

18. What process is followed to rectify a malfunction safely & efficiently? (1 Mark)
• Immediate Action Drill

19. Name 3 common ammunition malfunctions: (3 Marks)

• Hang fire
• Misfire/Dud
• Squib load

20. A dead or a faulty primer usually causes what malfunction? (1 Mark)

• Misfire

21. Name 3 components of a cleaning kit: (3 Marks)

• Gun Oil
• Nitro Solvent
• Phosphor bronze brush
• Cleaning rod
• A Jag
• Flannel Patches

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22. What is the golden rule when cleaning your firearm? (1 Mark)
• The golden rule when cleaning firearms is to make sure your firearm is safe.

23. Name 3 things to do when using a barricade (3 marks)

• Make sure you expose as little of your body as possible.
• Never put your firearm passed the barricade as you don’t know what is behind it.
• You can move back behind the barricade to give yourself enough space to be efficient.

24. Name 5 colour codes of awareness (5 Marks)

• White
• Yellow
• Orange
• Red
• Black

25. Name 4 stages of decision cycle (OODA Loop) (4 Marks)

• OBSERVE
• ORIENT
• DECIDE
• ACT

26. Name 5 side effects of Adrenaline (5 Marks)

• Increased heart rate
• High blood pressure
• Sweating from body temperature rising
• Heavy breathing
• Body starts shaking
• Tunnel vision
• Loss of fine motor skills

27. Name 2 Range Rules: (2 Marks)

• When arriving at the shooting range, the shooting range register must be completed.
• Firearms must be in a holster, bag or designed case and not be removed until instructed to do so by the range officer.
• No firearms to be handled until instructed to do so by the range officer.
• Once on the firing line, you are not permitted to turn around with a loaded firearm.
• Range officer’s commands must be adhered to at all times.
• No person under the influence of alcohol or a substance with a narcotic effect is allowed on the shooting range.
• Never load your firearm with people in front of you.
• Always maintain a safe direction.
• Shooting is only to commence on range officer’s command.
• Should you have a malfunction or stoppage which cannot be rectified by yourself, keep your muzzle pointing in a safe
direction, raise your support hand and wait for the range officer’s assistance.
• Personal protection equipment (eye- and ear protection) is compulsory when shooting.
• Bystanders or spectators must remain at a safe distance of 10m behind the firing line and must wear personal
protection equipment.

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28. Name 3 Range Commands: (3 Marks)
• Detail on the firing line!
• Range is closed or hot!
• Facing downrange, load and make ready!
• Shooter ready?
• Standby!
• Blow of whistle or buzzer
• Second blow of whistle or buzzer
• Unload, make safe and hold for inspection
• Slide forward, hammer down and holster
• Range is clear
• Cease fire

29. Complete the following: (1 Marks)

• PRIVATE DEFENCE is the counter measure that involves defending oneself, or someone else from an attack or harm
and is a legal justification for the use of reasonable force when in danger.

30. Complete the following: (1 mark)

• DEADLY FORCE means force that is likely to cause serious bodily harm or death and includes, but is not limited to,
shooting at a suspect with a firearm.

31. THE ATTACK…. (Choose the correct option) (1 Mark)

• d) All of the Above

32. THE DEFENCE…. (Choose the correct option) (1 Mark)

• f) All of the Above

33. What is meant by the term ‘use a firearm’? (2 Mark)

• firing of a firearm
• Pointing of a firearm without firing.
• Handling of a firearm (loading / unloading).
• Handling of a firearm (malfunctions).

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QUESTIONNAIRE C

1. Describe a safe direction if indoors: (1 Mark)

• If indoors, Choose the thickest wall and aim at an angle where the wall and floor meet, preferably in a corner.

2. Name 4 Golden Rules of Safety to always abide by: (4 Marks)

• Rule No 1 : Always point a firearm in a safe direction.
• Rule No 2 : Always keep your finger off the trigger until ready to shoot.
• Rule No 3 : Always treat a firearm as if it is loaded.
• Rule No 4 : Correctly identify the target and what is beyond it.

3. Fill out the missing parts: (5 Marks)

4. Fill out the missing parts: (5 Marks)

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5. Fill out the missing parts: (5 Marks)

6. What should a Person do when receiving a firearm from another person: (1 Mark)
• Safety Precaution

7. Name 2 advantages of a pistol over a revolver: (2 Marks)

• Has a bigger ammunition capacity
• Reloads faster
• Many semi-automatic pistols conceal easier than revolver
• Fires more rounds per minute than revolver
• Some pistols are slightly lighter than revolvers

8. Name 3 advantages of a self-loading rifle over a handgun: (3 Marks)

• Have a bigger ammunition capacity.
• Is more controllable when firing.
• Fires high number of rounds per minute.
• Self-loading rifles is very accurate over long distance.
• Self-loading rifle is more powerful than handguns.

9. Name 3 advantages of the pump action shotgun over a handgun and rifle: (3 Marks)
• A pump action shotgun looks very intimidating.
• Pump action shotgun has better stopping power.
• A shotgun is simple to operate.
• When shooting in low light conditions you do not have to be very accurate to hit your target.
• A pump action shotgun can be used for different functions from shooting targets to taking down door. Variety of
ammunition for different tasks.

10. Name 2 different types of safeties for a handgun: (2 Marks)

• Thumb safety
• Grip Safety
• Magazine Safety
• Hammer drop Safety

11. Name 2 different types of safeties for a self-loading rifle: (2 Marks)

• Thumb safety
• Grip Safety
• Magazine Safety

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12. Name 1 type of safety for a shotgun: (1 Marks)
• Thumb Safety (Lever or Button Safety)

13. When shooting at night or in low light conditions there are 2 main obstacles namely? (2 Marks)
• Limited vision or no vision.
• Sights cannot be seen (Sight picture).

14. Name 3 Flashlight Techniques (3 Marks)

• Harries Technique
• FBI Technique
• Ayoob Technique
• Mounted flashlight

15. Explain the difference between Boxer and Berdan primer: (2 Mark)
• BERDAN PRIMER
Berdan primers was invented by Hiram Berdan and has two flash holes. With the Berdan primer the anvil is an integral
part of the case

• BOXER PRIMER
Boxer primer was invented by Edward Boxer and has one flash hole. With the Boxer primer the anvil is an integral part
of the primer

16. Explain the terms “Roll crimp” and “Star crimp”: (3 Mark)
• Star Crimp
Star crimp has the shape of a star and is crimped to the inside sealing and compressing the shot. It is only used for
birdshot.

• Roll Crimp
Roll crimp is closed off with a round shaped paper or piece of plastic. It is only used for buckshot.

17. Name 2 common handgun calibres: (2 Mark)

• .22 Short
• .22 Long
• 9mm Short
• 9mm Parabellum
• .38 Special
• .357 Mag
• 40 S&W
• .45 ACP

18. Name 2 common self-loading or carbine calibres: (2 Mark)

• .22 Long
• 9mm Short
• 9mm Parabellum
• .223
• .308

19. Name 2 common shotgun calibres or loads: (2 Mark)

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20. Name 3 common ammunition malfunctions: (3 Marks)
• Hang fire
• Misfire/Dud
• Squib load

21. A dead or a faulty primer usually causes what malfunction? (1 Mark)

• Misfire

22. Name 2 Kneeling positions: (2 Mark)

• High Kneeling
• Low Kneeling

23. Name 3 things to do when using a barricade (3 marks)

• Make sure you expose as little of your body as possible.
• Never put your firearm passed the barricade as you don’t know what is behind it.
• You can move back behind the barricade to give yourself enough space to be efficient.

24. Name 5 colour codes of awareness (5 Marks)

• White
• Yellow
• Orange
• Red
• Black
25. Name 4 stages of decision cycle (OODA Loop) (4 Marks)
• OBSERVE
• ORIENT
• DECIDE
• ACT

26. Name 5 side effects of Adrenaline (5 Marks)

• Increased heart rate
• High blood pressure
• Sweating from body temperature rising
• Heavy breathing
• Body starts shaking
• Tunnel vision
• Loss of fine motor skills

27. Name 2 Range Rules: (2 Marks)

• When arriving at the shooting range, the shooting range register must be completed.
• Firearms must be in a holster, bag or designed case and not be removed until instructed to do so by the range officer.
• No firearms to be handled until instructed to do so by the range officer.
• Once on the firing line, you are not permitted to turn around with a loaded firearm.
• Range officer’s commands must be adhered to at all times.
• No person under the influence of alcohol or a substance with a narcotic effect is allowed on the shooting range.
• Never load your firearm with people in front of you.
• Always maintain a safe direction.
• Shooting is only to commence on range officer’s command.
• Should you have a malfunction or stoppage which cannot be rectified by yourself, keep your muzzle pointing in a safe
direction, raise your support hand and wait for the range officer’s assistance.
• Personal protection equipment (eye- and ear protection) is compulsory when shooting.
• Bystanders or spectators must remain at a safe distance of 10m behind the firing line and must wear personal
protection equipment.

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28. Name 3 Range Commands: (3 Marks)
• Detail on the firing line!
• Range is closed or hot!
• Facing downrange, load and make ready!
• Shooter ready?
• Standby!
• Blow of whistle or buzzer
• Second blow of whistle or buzzer
• Unload, make safe and hold for inspection
• Slide forward, hammer down and holster
• Range is clear
• Cease fire

29. Name 2 articles of personal protection equipment: (2 Marks)

• Eye Protection
• Ear Protection

30. Complete the following: (1 Marks)

• PRIVATE DEFENCE is the counter measure that involves defending oneself, or someone else from an attack or harm
and is a legal justification for the use of reasonable force when in danger.

31. Complete the following: (1 Marks)

• SELF-DEFENCE forms part of private defence as there is no distinguishable difference, except that self-defence one
only defends oneself.
32. Complete the following: (1 mark)
• DEADLY FORCE means force that is likely to cause serious bodily harm or death and includes, but is not limited to,
shooting at a suspect with a firearm.

33. THE ATTACK…. (Choose the correct option) (1 Mark)

• d) All of the Above

34. THE DEFENCE…. (Choose the correct option) (1 Mark)

• f) All of the Above

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