Basic of Bi-Cycle

Introductory Part of Bi-cycle

Name and Indication

Frame Preparation (1 Speed)

For Single
Speed
frame
preparation
need only
cable guide
for rear
brake, here
indicate by
red color
Frame Preparation (6 Speed)
For 6 Speed
frame
preparation
need cable
guide for rear
brake, marked
by red color
and stopper
need derailleur
cable marked
by green color
Frame Preparation (18/21 Speed, Disk Brake)
For 18/21
Speed disk
brake, frame
preparation
need cable
guide for rear
brake, marked
by red color
and stopper
need front and
rear derailleur
cable marked
by green color
Frame Components

Pivot
Left Drop Out Right Drop Out
BB Shell

Cable Guide Cable Stopper Carrier Bush

 Fork
Types of Fork
1. Rigid Fork
a. MTB
b. City or Tracking
c. BMX
2. Suspension Fork
a. MTB
b. City or Tracking
c. BMX MTB Fork City or Tracking Fork BMX Fork
Fork Components

Rigid Fork Suspension Fork

Steering Tube (Fork Stem )
1. 22.2 x 25.4 x L For Head Tube (30 x 34)

(Inner Diameter X Outer Diameter X Length)

Here, L=Head tube length+33

2. 25.4 x 28.6 x L For Head Tube (34 x 38)

(Inner Diameter X Outer Diameter X Length)

Here, L=Head tube length+33

3. 21.1 x 25.4 x L For Head Tube (32.5 x 36.5 )

(Inner Diameter X Outer Diameter X Length)

Here, L=Head tube length+33

Note: If threaded then same as Rigid fork,

If Tread less then Fork Stem Length will be (Head Tube
Length + 110mm )
Head Tubes
1. Normal Size (30x34) mm

(where 30 inner diameter, 34 outer diameter)

2. Over size (34x38) mm

(where 34 inner diameter, 38 outer diameter)

3. Free Style ( 32.5x36.5)mm

(where 32.5 inner diameter, 36.5 outer diameter)

Head set Selection basis on Head Tube
1. Head Tube size (30x 34 ) , Then Head set should be 22.2 x 27 x 30
(Where 22.2 stem inner diameter, 27 collar crown diameter of fork, 30
head tube inner diameter)

Picture- Threaded Head Set Picture- Thread less Head Set

Head set Selection basis on Head Tube
2. Head Tube size (34 x38 ), Then Head set should be 25.4 x 30 x 34
(Where 25.4 stem inner diameter, 30 collar crown diameter of fork,
34 head tube inner diameter)

Picture- Threaded Head Set Picture- Thread less Head Set

Head set Selection basis on Head Tube
3. Head Tube size 32.5 x 36.5, Then Head set should be 21.1 x 27 x 32.5
(Where 21.1 stem inner diameter, 27 collar crown diameter of fork, 32.5
head tube inner diameter)

N.B: For Free style Bike Rotor dia. is 1”

BB (Bottom Bracket) Set
1. BB size (40x65 ) , Then BB set should be 1.37"x24T BB cups, Ball
retainer 1/4"x9x2pcs, Set of 5 Pcs.
2. BB size (56x65 ) , Then BB set should be Cup size 51.5mm, set of
9pcs
BB (Bottom Bracket) Axle
Handle Bar
Handle Bar are Three Types

1. MTB Type
2. City type
3. BMX Type
Handle Bar Stem
1. Head Tube 30 x 34, Then Quill Diameter 22.2
2. Head Tube 34 x 38, Then Quill Diameter 25.4
3. Head Tube 32.5 x 36.5, Then Quill Diameter 21.1

 Extension (mm): The actual length of the stem from the center of the steering bore to the center of the handlebar clamp. We
often refer to this as the stem length

 Reach (mm): The effectiv e length of the stem measured from the center point of the steering bore to the center of the handlebar
clamp without accounting for rise. On stems with built-in rise this measurement will be made along an imaginary line (as seen in
the diagram

 Angle A: Measured from an imaginary line perpendicular to the steering axis to the center of the stem extension

 Angle B: Measured from the center of the actual steering axis to the center of the stem extension. This is what we usually refer to
when referring to the stem angle.

 A simple way to look at this difference is the following: Angle B = Angle A + 90 degrees. For example, if a manufacturer advertises
a 7 degree angle using Angle A, we may describe this as 97 degree.

 Rise (mm): The effectiv e height gained as a function of the stem's angle and length. Measured v ertically from the center of t he
handlebar clamp to an imaginary line that bisects the central meeting point of the extension and v ertical portion of the stem.

 Height (mm): The ov erall length of the v ertical portion of the stem.
Brake Lever
 Brake are three types
 1. Full Alloy
 2. Full Resin
 3. Bracket Resin and lever Alloy

Note: For 20” – 24” bike, consider 2.5 – 3 finger lever,

For 26”-700C/27.5”, consider 3-4 finger lever
Brake Set
Below are common braking system used in bi-cycle like “V” Brake,
Caliper Brake, Disk Brake, Dram Brake, Costar Brake etc

Drum Brake V-Brake Clipper Brake

Note: V Brake, For 20” – 26” bike, consider Linear Spring, Arm
Length 110 mm, Brake Shoe 60 mm

For 20” BMX, , consider Linear Spring, Arm Length 105 mm, Brake
Shoe 55 mm
Brake Set

4. Coaster Brake 5. Disc Brake

Hubs

Note: Here OLD means over locknut distance, this is important to select the hubs

OLD- 130 mm for 6 speed bikes

OLD-135 mm for 7 speed bikes
Chain Selection

 1/8" (0.125", 3.18 mm) chain is used

on most single-speed bicycles, and
bicycles with internal gearing.
 3/32" (0.094", 2.30 mm) chain is used
on derailleur equipped bicycles that
have more than 3 cogs at the rear.
Paddle selection
1. 9/16" is the standard thread diameter size
(and 20 threads per inch) used for most
modern bikes.

2. Old bikes & BMX Bikes pedals mostly are

the 1/2" type
Derailleur
Derailleur are two types

 Front Derailleur
 Top pull
 Down Pull

 Rear Derailleur
 Bracket type
 Dirt type
Chain Wheel and Free wheel
Chain Wheel are commonly used for
1 speed, multi-speed
Chain Wheel Example

24x34x42 for 26”city/MTB bikes

22x32x42 for 27.5” city/MTB bikes
28x38x48 for 700C bikes

Free Wheel are commonly used for 1

speed, multi-speed like 6S,7S etc
Inner Cable and Casing with end cap

Derailleur Cable Casing- SP-4mm

Derailleur Cable Casing end cap- plastic 4mm

Brake Cable Casing- 2P-5mm

Brake Cable Casing end cap- Steel 5mm
Tire and Rim

ETRTO- European Tire and Rim Technical Organization