THE COPPERBELT UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF MATHEMATICS AND NATURAL SCIENCES

DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS

TUTORIAL SHEET 6 : MA110 - Mathematical Methods 2014

1. Which of the following series are geometrical progressions? Write down the common
ratio of those that are .
3 9
a) −1+2−4+ 8b) a+ a2 +a3 + a4 b)1+1.1+1.21+1.331 c) + +27+162
4 2
2. Write down the terms indicated in each of the following geometrical progressions. Do
not simplify your answers.
2 3 1
a) − + … , 9th , nth b) 3−2+ … , 8 th , nth c) 3+1 +… , 19 th , 2 nth
7 7 2
3. Find the number of terms in the following geometrical progressions:
a)0.03+ 0.06+0.12+…+1.92 , b)5+10+20+ …+5 ×2n ,
8 4 2 11
c) a+ ar +a r 2 +…+ a r n−1 d) − + −…−1
81 27 9 16

4. Find the sums of the geometrical progression in number 3. Simplify, but do not

evaluate, your answers

5. Find the sums of the following geometrical progressions as far as the terms indicated.
Simplify, but do not evaluate, your answers
a) 4 +12+36+ … ,12 th term ; b) 3+6+ 12+ … , nth

1 1 1 1 1
c) 1− + −… , nth d) + + +… , 13 thterm
3 9 2 4 8

6. The three numbers ,n−2 ,n ,n+3 , are consecutive terms of a geometrical progression.
Find n , and the term after n+3
7. Show that the sum of the series 4 +12+36+108+ … ¿ 20 term is greater than 3 ×10 9
8. The numbers n−4 ,n+ 2 ,3 n+1 are in geometrical progression. Find the two possible
values of the common ratio.
9. What is the common ratio of the G . P . ( √ 2−1 ) + ( 3−2 √ 2 )+ … ? Find the third term of
the progression.
 10. Find the ratio of the sum of the first 10 terms of the series
2 4 8
log x +log x + log x +log x + …

32
11 Find the first term of the geometric sequence with 5th term and common ratio 2
3
12 Find the common ratio of the geometric sequence with 3rd term 12 and 6th term 96
1
a) 4+2+1+⋯+ b) 1+(-2)+4⋯+256
512
13 Find each of the indicated sums

()
9 6 5
1 i
∑2 b) ∑ 3 c) ∑ (−3 )
i −3 i+1
a)
i=3 i=1 2 i=2

14 Find the sum of each infinite geometric sequence. If the sequence has no sum then
state
1 1 1
, ,…
a) 2,1, 2 4 b) 9, -3, 1, - 3 ,….. c) 4,8,16,32,…… d)

9 27 8 16
e) 3+ + +… f) 4 + + +…
4 16 3 9

a a
15 Change each repeating decimal to form , where a∧b are integers and b ≠ 0.Express
b b
in reduced form
a) 0.3 b) 0.26 c) 0.2 14 d) 3.7
16. Determine if the sequence is geometrical or arithmetical or nether

20 5 6 8
a) ∑ 4i b) ∑ i
2
c) ∑ 3 d) ∑ (2 x ¿ + x )¿
i 2

i=10 i=1 i=1 x=3

17. Find and of (a) the G.P.

(b)the G.P. in which and

18. Write the following geometric series in sigma notation.

a)

b)
 c)

19. For each of the following geometric series, find the range of values of
x for which the sum to infinity of the series exists. a)

(b) ( c)

20. a) Show that the general term of an arithmetic sequence is given by a n=a1 + ( n−1 ) d
n
b) Show that the sum of an arithmetic sequence is given by Sn= ( a1+ an )
2
n−1
c) Show that the general term of a geometric sequence is given by a n=a1 r
n
a 1 r −a1
d) Show that the sum of a geometric sequence is given by Sn= r≠1
r−1
a1
e) Show that the sum of an infinite geometric sequence is given by S∞ = ,|r|< 1
1−r

MATHEMATICAL INDUCTION

1. Use mathematical induction to prove that each statement is true for all positive integers n .
a) 3n ≥ 2n+ 1 b) 4 n ≥ 4 n c) n2 ≥ n d) 2n ≥ n+1

e) 4 n−1 is divisible by 3 f) 6 n−1is divisible by 5 g) 9 n−1 is divisible by 4

h) n2 +n is divisible by 2 I ) n2 −n isdivisible by 2

2. Use mathematical induction to prove each of the sum formulas for the indicated sequence. They
are to hold for all positive integers n

n (n+1) n (5 n+9)
for a n=n for Sn=5 n+ 2
n n
a) Sn= b) Sn=2(2 −1) for a n=2 c) Sn=
2 2

n ( n+1 ) (2 n+ 1) 2 n ( n+1 ) (n+2)

d) Sn= for a n=n e) Sn= for a n=n(n+1)
6 3
n
n 1 3( 3 −1)
for a n=
n
f) Sn= g) Sn= for a n=3
n+1 n(n+1) 2
 3. Prove the following results by induction:

1 2 2 2 1
a) 1+2+… n= n(n+ 1) b)1 +2 +…+n = n ( n+1 ) (2n+1)
2 6

1
c) 1 ×3+2 × 4+..+n ( n+ 2 )= n ( n+ 1 ) (2 n+7)
6

1 1 1 3 2 n+3
d) + + …+ = −
1× 3 2 ×4 n(n+ 2) 4 2 ( n+1 ) (n+2)

4. Show that (nr)+(r−1 ) ( r ) and prove by induction that

n = n+1 ,

()
( 1+ x ) =1+nx +…+ n x r +…+ x n Where n =
n

r
n!
()
r ( n−r ) ! r !

and r is a positive integer, less than or equal to n