Solution

DAY 3 - CHEMISTRY SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER (INORGANIC)

Class 12 - Chemistry
Section A

1. i. Eo value for the M n ∣ M n couple is much more positive than that for F e ∣ F e couple because M n ion
3+ 2+ 3+ 2+ 3+

receiving an electron gets d-subshell half-filled which is highly stable, while in case of F e , d-subshell is already half-filled,
3+

so it does not receive electron

easily.
ii. Iron has higher enthalpy of Atomisation than that of copper. The enthalpy of Atomisation depends on the number of unpaired
electrons, Greater are the number of unpaired electrons, stronger are the metallic bonds and higher is the enthalpy of
6 2
Atomisation. Iron has outer electronic configuration of 3 d 4 s and 4 unpaired electrons.
10 1
Copper has outer electronic configuration of 3 d 4 s and 1 unpaired electron. Iron has more number of unpaired electrons
than copper. Hence, Iron has higher enthalpy of atomisation than that of copper.
iii. Transition metal ions are colored due to d-d transition. Unpaired electrons in d orbitals are excited from lower energy level to
0 0
higher energy level. For this, energy from visible region is absorbed. Sc 3+
has outer electronic configuration of 3 d 4 s with
zero unpaired electrons. Hence, it is colorless.
1 0
Ti
3+
has outer electronic configuration of 3 d 4 s with one unpaired electron. Hence, it is purple colored.

2. i. 2M nO + 5S2- + 16H+ ⟶ 2Mn2+ + 8H2O + 5S

−

ii. C r 2 O7
2−
+ 2OH- ⟶ 2C rO
2−

4
+ H2O

3. i. Due to small size of the metal ions / high ionic charge and availability of d-orbitals.
ii. Cr is more stable in + 3 oxidation state.

4. i. Eu2+ is a strong reducing agent because Eu3+ is more stable than Eu2+.
ii. Dichromate ion changes to chromate ion/OH-
Cr2O72- (orange) → CrO42- (yellow)

iii. Due to the irregular variation in ionisation enthalpies (sum of 1st and 2nd ionisation enthalpies), heat of sublimation and
enthalpy of hydration/due to irregular electronic configurations from left to right in a period, which changes the ionisation
potential.
5. i. Ionic equation for oxidation of Fe2+ salts by Cr2O72- :
2− 2+ + 3+ 3+
C r2 O + 6F e + 14H → 2C r + 6F e + 7H2 O
7

ii. Ionic equation for oxidation of S2O32- by MnO4- :

− 2− 2− −
8M nO + 3S2 O + H2 O → 8M nO2 + 6SO + 2O H
4 3 4

6. Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) is prepared by fusion of pyrolusite (MnO2) with an alkali metal hydroxide in the presence of
either atmospheric oxygen or an oxidising agent, such as KNO3 or KClO4 to give K2MnO4
heat

2M nO2 + 4K OH + O2 −−→ 2K2 M nO4 + 2H2 O

(Green)

This produces the dark green K2MnO4 which disproportionates in a neutral or acidic solution to give permanganate.
2− + −
3M nO + 4H → 2M nO + M nO2 + 2H2 O
4 4

Commercially it is prepared by the alkaline oxidative fusion of MnO2 followed by the electrolytic oxidation of manganate (Vl).
electrolytic oxidation in alkaline solution
2− −
M nO −−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−→ M nO
4 4

7. a. 2MnO2 + 4KOH + O2 → 2K2MnO4 + 2H2O

b. 10I- + 2MnO + 16H+ → 2Mn2+ + 8H2O + 5 I2

−
4

c. Cr2O72- + 14 H+ + 3 Sn2+ → 2 Cr3+ + 3 Sn4+ + 7 H2O

Above mentioned reactions are complete reactions of given reations.
8. These are oxidising reaction of kmnO4

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 i. F e2+
ion (green) is converted to F e 3+
(yellow):
2+ − + 2+ 3+
5F e + M nO + 8H → Mn + 4H2 O + 5F e
4

ii. Oxidation of iodide to iodate:

− − −
2M nO 4 + H2 O + Γ ⟶ 2M nO 2 + 2OH + I O3

9. i. Due to presence of unpaired electrons / d-d transition.

ii. Mn3+ is 3d4 while Cr3+ is 3d3 which in t2g half filled is extra stable.
iii. Lanthanoids display a limited number of oxidation states because the energy difference between 4f, 5d, and 6s orbitals is quite
large. On the other hand, the energy difference between 5f, 6d, and 7s orbitals is very less. Hence, actinoids display a large
number of oxidation states.
10. i. Cr 2 O7
−2
+ 16Fe
+2
+ 14H
+
→ 2Cr
+3
+ 6Fe
+3
+ 7H2 O

ii. Cr 2 O7
−2
+ 3Sn
+2
+ 14H
+
→ 2Cr
+3
+ 3Sn
+4
+ 7H2 O

11. MnO2 is fused with KOH in the presence of KNO3 as an oxidizing agent, it gives a dark green compound (A).

Compound (A) disproportionates in acidic solution to give purple compound (B).

An alkaline solution of compound (B) oxidises KI to compound (C) whereas an acidified solution of compound (B) oxidises KI to
(D).

An acidified solution of compound (B) oxidises KI to compound (D).

Therefore,
A = K2MnO4 / MnO42- = Potassium manganate,

B= KMnO4 / MnO4 - = Potassium permanganate,

C= IO3 - / KIO3 = Potassium iodate,

D= I2 = Iodine.

12. Cr2+ is a reducing agent because it can lose an electron to form Cr3+ which has stable 3d3 configuration (as it has half-filled t2g

level). On the other hand, Mn3+ can accept an electron to form Mn2+ resulting in the half-filled (d5) configuration which has extra
stability. Thus, it behaves as an oxidising agent.
13. Due to the lanthanoid contraction, the metallic radii of the third series (5d) of transition metals are virtually the same as those of
the corresponding group members of the second series (4d). This results in close similarity in their physical and chemical
properties.
14. Preparation of KMnO4 It is prepared by the fusion of pyrolusite ore (MnO2) with an alkali metal hydroxide and an oxidising
agent like KNO3. Dark green K2MnO4 is obtained which on disproportionation in neutral or acidic solution gives potassium
permanganate.
2M nO2 + 4K OH + O2 → 2K2 M nO4 + 2H2 O
P pyrolusite P otassium manganate

(Green mass)

3K2 M nO4 + 4HC l → 2K M nO4 + M nO2 + 2H2 O + 4K C l

P otassium
permanganate

Reaction between acidified KMnO4 and oxalic acid: Oxalate ions or oxalic acid is oxidised.

5C r2 O
2−

4
+ 2M nO + 16H+ ⟶ 2Mn2+ + 8H2O + 10CO2
−

15. i. Sodium chromate solution is acidified with H2SO4 to obtain orange coloured sodium dichromate.

2Na2CrO4 + 2H+ ⟶ Na2Cr2O7 + 2Na+ + H2O

Potassium dichromate crystals are obtained by the treatment of sodium dichromate solution with potassium chloride.
Na2Cr2O7 + 2KCl ⟶ K2Cr2O7 + 2NaCl

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 ii. In neutral or acidic solution, K2MnO4 disproportionates to yield permanganate.

3MnO
2−

4
+ 4H+ ⟶ 2MnO
−

4
+ MnO2 + 2H2O
16. i. Formula of Hexaaquachromium(III) chloride is [Cr(H2O)6]Cl3
ii. Formula of Sodium trioxalatoferrate(III) is Na3[Fe(ox)3]
17. a. K2[Zn(OH)4]
b. [Cr(NH3)3Cl3] < [Cr(NH3)5Cl]Cl2 < [Cr(NH3)6]Cl3

c. i. Linkage isomerism
ii. Optical isomerism
18. i. IUPAC name of the given complex [Ni(CN)4]2- is tetracyanonickelate (II) ion.

Hybridisation - Ni (28) E.C; [Ar]3d8 4s2 thus, dsp2 hybridised orbital

ii. IUPAC name of the given complex [Fe(H2O)6]2+ is Hexaaquairon(II).

Hybridisation - Fe (26) E.C: [Ar] 4s23d6

E.C. of Fe2+ = 4s03d6 , d2sp3

19. i. Hydration isomerism

ii. Electronic configuration is t 4
2g

iii. Hybridization is sp3d2 and shape is octahedral.

20. a. Iron (III) - Fe3+, hexacyanoferrate(II) - [Fe(CN)6]-4
Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3
b. In compound [C O (N H 3 ) 5 C l] SO 4 , SO 4
2−
can act as both monodentate or bidentate ligand. So, this compound will show
ionisation isomerism.
isomerism-
[C o (N H3 ) 5 C l] SO 4 , [C o(N H ) SO ] C l
3 5 4

3−
c. In compound [C oF 6] oxidation state of CO is +3.
∵ x + 6(−1) = −3

x − 6 = −3

x = 3

Electronic configuration of C o 3+
is
3+ 6
Co (24) = [Ar]3d

As flourine ion is a weak ligand it will not cause pairing of 3d e's

So, the hybridisation will be sp3d2 and number of unpaired electrons will be 4.
21. IUPAC name of the complex [Pt(en)2Cl2] is Dichloridobis(ethane-1,2-diammine)platinum(IV) ion.
Geometrical isomers:

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22. a. The hybridization and magnetic character of [NiCl4]2- is sp3 and paramagnetic

b. The hybridization and magnetic character of [Co(C2O4)3]3- is d2sp3 and diamagnetic

23. a. Fe = 3d64s2

Hence the type of hybridization is d2sp3

b.

c. Cl- being a weak field ligand does not cause pairing of electrons and hence [NiCl4]2- is paramagnetic while CO being a strong
field ligand causes pairing of electrons therefore [Ni(CO)4] is diamagnetic.

d. Linkage isomerism. Example of ambidentate isomer CN-/NO /SCN- −

24. i. The IUPAC name of the complex, [Co(NH3)5Cl]2+ is penta ammine chloro cobalt (III) ion.
ii. The formula for the complex, potassium tetrachloronickelate (II) is K2[NiCl4]

25. i. Potassium trioxolatoaluminate(III)

K3[Al(C2O4)3]
ii. Dichloridobis(ethane-1, 2-diamine)cobalt (III)
[CoCl2(en)2]+

26. i. The hybridization and magnetic character of [Fe(H2O)6]2+ are sp3d2 and paramagnetic.

ii. The hybridization and magnetic character of [Ni(CN)4]2- are dsp2 and diamagnetic
27. a. The formula of Potassium tetrahydroxidozincate (II)
K2 [Zn(OH)4]
b. The formula of Hexaammineplatinum (IV) chloride
Pt[(NH3)6]Cl4
28. a. If Δ 0 > P , it becomes more energetically favourable for the fourth electron to occupy a t2g orbital with electronic
configuration t 5
2g
0
eg . Ligands which produce this effect are known as strong field ligands and form low-spin complexes.
b. In [Ni(CN)4]2-, nickel is in a + 2 oxidation state and the ion has the electronic configuration 3d8. The hybridisation scheme is
shown in the diagram.

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 Whereas in [Ni(CO)4], Ni has + 2 oxidation state and shows sp2 hybridisation due to which its geometry is tetrahedral hence
diamagnetic.
29. Compound
a. (A) = CH3-CH=CH2,

(B) =

b. (A) = CH3 − C H − CH3 , (B) = CH3 − CH − CH3 , (B) = CH3 − CH − CH3

| | |

OH Cl
CH3 −CH− CH3

30. 1. IUPAC name - hexafluoridocobaltate (III), Hybridisation - sp3d2

2. The type of isomerism shown by the complex [CoCl2(en)2] is geometrical isomerism. This complex shows cis trans
isomerism.
Structures of optical isomers of the complex ion [Co(en)2Cl2]+
Section B
31. a. the unique electronic and structural properties of transition metals and their compounds make them effective catalysts by
providing pathways for reactant activation, facilitating electron transfer, and participating in catalytic cycles.
b. Europium (Eu) has an atomic number of 63, and its ground-state electron configuration is [Xe] 4f76s2. In the Eu2+ ion, two
electrons are removed from the outermost 6s2 orbital. As a result, the electron configuration of Eu2+ becomes [Xe] 4f7, which
means it has seven unpaired electrons in its 4f orbitals. The presence of these unpaired electrons makes Eu2+ highly reducing.
c. Chromium are having high enthalpy of atomization due to the presence of unpaired electrons, which accounts for their
hardness. However, Zinc has low enthalpy of atomization as it has no unpaired electron. Hence zinc is comparatively a soft
metal.

32. a. On the basis of incompletely filled 3d-orbitals in case of Scandium atom (3d1) having one electron in its ground state, it is
regarded as a transition element. On the other hand, zinc atom having completely filled d-orbitals (3d10) in its ground state as
well as in its oxidized state, it is not considered as a transition element.
b. Ti(H2O)]3+ is coloured because Ti3+(3d1) has one unpaired electron which undergoes a d-d transition so it is coloured. While
Sc(H2O)6]3+ (3d0) has no unpaired electrons so it will not undergo d-d transition so it is colourless.
c. Physical and chemical properties of 4d and 5d series elements are similar because they have same atomic and ionic radii due
to the lanthanide contraction. Due to equal atomic radii the size of Zr and Hf, Nb and Ta, Mo and W, etc., the two elements of
each pair have the same properties.
33. a. Variable or multiple oxidation state / ability to form complexes / they provide large surface area for adsorption (utilises (n-1) d
and ns electrons for bonding).
b. 3d5 or half-filled stable configuration in Mn2+.
c. because it changes to more stable +3 oxidation state having t 2 g
3
configuration.
34. a. Due to lanthanide contraction, Zr and Hf have almost similar atomic radii. It can be explained on the basis of shielding effect.
The electrons present in inner shells, shield the outer electrons from nuclear charge, making them experience a low effective
nuclear charge. The shielding effect exerted by the electrons decreases in the order s > p > d > f. The f subshell poorly shields
the outer electrons from nuclear attraction, which results in more attractive pull of nucleus on outer electron. In case of post
lanthanide elements like Hf, 4f subshell is filled and it is not very effective at shielding the outer shell electrons. Therefore, Zr
and Hf have almost similar atomic radii.
b. The transition metals have their valence electrons in (n - 1)d and ns orbitals. Since, there is very little energy difference
between these orbitals, both energy levels can be used for bond formation. Thus, transition elements exhibit variable oxidation

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 states.
c. Due to the absence of unpaired electrons in Zinc, the interatomic bonding is weak in Zinc. Thus, the enthalpy of atomization
of zinc is lowest as the result of this weak metallic bonding.

35. i. Silver has incompletely filled d-orbitals / d9 configuration in +2 oxidation state.

ii. Mn2+ and Zn2+ has stable half-filled and fully filled configurations / relatively less sublimation enthalpy of Mn and Zn.
iii. Because of similar atomic radii.
36. The steady decrease in the size of lanthanoid ions (M3+) with the increase in atomic number is called lanthanoid contraction.
Consequences of lanthanoid contraction:
i. Separation of lanthanoids is difficult due to lanthanoid contraction because due to this contraction their ionic radii is very
small.
ii. The basic strength of hydrides decreases from La(OH)3 to Lu(OH)3. Due to lanthanoid contraction, the size of M3+ ions
decreases and there is increase in the covalent character in M - OH bond.
37. a. +3 is the most common oxidation state shown by lanthanides
b. There is a gradual decrease in the atomic sizes of transition elements in a series with increasing atomic numbers due to poor
shielding effect of d-electrons, the net electrostatic attraction between the nucleus and the outermost electrons.
c. Vi3+ no of unpaired electron is 2
Ti3+ no of unpaired electron is 1
38. The elements which lie in between s-and p-block elements in the long form of periodic table belonging to groups 3-12 in which
different electrons of d-orbitals are progressively filled in each of the four long periods are called transition elements. Their
general electronic configuration is (n-1)d1-10ns1-2. The general characteristics of transition elements are their high melting and
boiling points, paramagnetic behaviour, variable oxidation states, catalytic properties, etc.

39. i. Zn2+ salts have a completely filled set of d-orbitals (3d10), while Cu2+ has an incompletely filled set of d-orbitals (3d9), and
therefore, d-d transition is possible in Cu2+, leading to blue colour.
ii. In case of Mn '+2' oxidation state is more stable than '+3' oxidation state and in case of Cr '+3' oxidation state is more stable
than '+2' oxidation state.
iii. Transition metals have very similar atomic sizes as a result one metal can easily replace the other metal from its lattice to form
solid solution (alloy). Transition metals are also miscible with one another in the molten state. Thus, the molten state solution
of two or more transition metals on cooling forms an alloy.
40. Due to high enthalpy of atomization and low enthalpy of hydration. Cu+ disproportionate in the aqueous solution . 2Cu+ ⟶
Cu2+ + Cu. High hydration enthalpy of Cu2+ over Cu+ which more than compensates for the second ionisation enthalpy of Cu.
41. a. On addition of silver nitrate, [Co(NH3)5 (SO4)]Cl will form white precipitate of AgCl while [Co(NH3)5CI]SO4 do not form
any precipitate.
b. In [Ni(CO)4], Ni is in zero oxidation state whereas in [NiCl4]2-, Ni is in +2 oxidation state.
In the presence of CO ligand, the unpaired d electrons of nickel pair up because CO is a strong ligand.
In the presence of Cl- ligand,the unpaired d electrons of nickel are unable to pair up because Cl- is a weak ligand.
So, [NiCl4]2- is paramagnetic while [Ni(CO)4] is diamagnetic
c. Electronic configuration of Fe(III) in the presence of
i. Strong field ligand is t2g5 eg0

ii. Weak field ligand is t2g3 eg2

42. i. [Co(NH3)5(SCN)]2+exhibit linkage isomerism due to the presence of SCN which is an ambidentate ligand and can link with
metal either through N or S.
[Co(NH3)5SCN]2+ and [Co(NH3)5NCS]2+
ii. The complex in which one or more unpaired electrons are present is a paramagnetic while, those which does not contain any
unpaired electron is diamagnetic.

Ni atom (Z = 28)

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 Oxidation state of Ni is +2in both the complexes i.e. [NiCl4]2- and [Ni(CN)4]2-

Ni
2+
=

In the case of [NiCl4]2-, Cl- is a weak field ligand so the pairing of electrons in 3d-orbital does not occur, hence compound is

paramagnetic with two unpaired electrons. In [Ni(CN)4]2-, CN- is a strong field ligand, hence pairing occurs and
2−
[Ni(CN)4 ] is diamagnetic.
iii. For tetrahedral complexes, the crystal field stabilization energy is lower than pairing energy, so they are rarely formed in the
low spin state.
43. i. t 2 g
3
eg
2

ii. [Fe(CN) ] , it has one unpaired electron and hence is paramagnetic.

6
3−

In [Fe(CN) ] , all electrons are paired so diamagnetic.

6
4−

iii. 3.
44. i. IUPAC name of [Fe(CN)6]3 is hexacyanoferrate (III) ion.

hybridisation - d2sp3

ii. Ambidentate ligand can bond through different atoms to form different coordination compounds. e.g. N O and SCN- ion. −

NO can bind to the central atom or ion at either the nitrogen atom or one of the oxygen atom. Similarly SCN- can
−

coordinate through the sulphur and nitrogen atom.

Chelating ligand: If the ligands with two or more electron donor groups positioned in such a way that they form a five or six-
membered ring with central metal ion are called chelating ligands. e.g. ethane - 1, 2-diamine (en).
45. i. IUPAC name of K2[PdCl4] is Potassium tetrachloroethylene palladate (II).

ii. If Δ > P, the electronic configuration of d5 ion will be t

o
5
2g
0
eg as it is associated with strong field and low spin situation. Thus,
no electron will enter into e orbital.
g

iii. The complexes in which metal ion is bound to only one type of ligands are called homoleptic complexes.
e.g. In [Co(NH3)6]3+, only one type of ligand, NH3 surrounds the Co3+ ion.

46. Three geometrical isomers of the given coordination compound [Co(en)(H2O)2(NH3)2]3+ are shown below:

i.

ii.

iii.

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47. i. Chemical formula of Pentaamminenitrito-N-cobalt(III) is [Co(NO2)(NH3)5]2+.

Chemical formula of Tetrabromidocuprate(II) is [Cu(Br4)]2-.

ii. The crystal field stabilisation energy (CFSE) is the gain in the energy achieved by preferential filling up of orbitals by
electrons. It is usually less than or equal to o. When it is equal to o, the complex is unstable. The magnitude of CFSE depends
on the number and nature of ligands and the geometry of the complex.
48. i. IUPAC name of the given complex [Cr(NH3)4Cl2]Cl is tetraamminedichlorido chromium(III) chloride.
ii. [Co(en)3]Cl3: It exhibits optical isomerism and exists in two forms: dextro (rotate the plane polarized light towards right) and
laevo (rotate the plane polarized light towards left) that can be represented as:

iii. In the complex [NiCl4]2-, Ni is in +2 oxidation state and the outer electronic configuration of Ni in +2 oxidation state is

[Ar] 3d8 4s0. The Cl- ion being a weak field ligand cannot pair up the two unpaired electrons present in 3d-orbitals. That
means 3d-orbitals are not involved in hybridization. Thus, the complex is sp3-hybridised tetrahedral and is paramagnetic in
nature due to the unpaired electrons.

In the complex [Ni(CO)4], the oxidation state of nickel is zero and outer electronic configuration of Ni is [Ar] 3d8 4s2. In the
presence of strong field ligand CO, the 4s-electrons shifts to the two half-filled 3d-orbitals and make all the electrons paired.
The valence 4s and 4p-orbitals are involved in hybridisation i.e sp3 hybridization Thus, the complex is tetrahedral but
diamagnetic in nature due to the all paired electrons.

49. i. Many biologically important natural compounds, exist as coordinate complexes e.g. chlorophyll, haemoglobin. Haemoglobin
acts as O2 carrier in the blood.
ii. Coordination compounds find use in many qualitative and quantitative chemical analysis. The familiar colour reactions are
given by metal ions with a number of ligands, e.g. EDTA, DMG, α -nitroso-β -naphthol, cupron, etc. involve the formation of
coordination compounds.
iii. Many toxic metal ions are removed by the use of chelate therapy in medicinal chemistry, e.g. excess of copper and iron are
removed by the chelating ligands such as D-penicillamine and des-ferrioximine Bvia formation of coordination compounds.
EDTA is used in the treatment of lead poisoning. cis-platin is used in cancer therapy.
50. i. IUPAC name of the given complex, [Co(en) ] Cl : Tris - (ethane - 1,2- diamine) cobalt (Ill) chloride.
3 3

Isomers: It shows optical isomers i.e. dextro and laevo forms as shown below:
Structure

ii. IUPAC name of given complex, [Pt(NH ) Cl ] is diammine dichloridoplatinum(II)

3 2 2

Isomers : It shows geometrical isomers i.e. cis and trans as shown below:

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 Structure

iii. IUPAC name of the given complex [Fe(NH ) Cl ] Cl is tetraaminedichloridoiron(III) chloride

3 4 2

Isomers: It shows geometrical isomers i.e. cis and trans as shown in figure:
Structure

Section C
51. a. Cu has incomplete d-orbital in +2 oxidation state whereas Zn has fully filled d-orbital in ground state as well as in +2
oxidation state.
b. Because both (n-1)d and ns subshell electrons take part in the bond formation due to their comparable energies/ due to the
presence of unpaired electrons in d-orbitals.
c. i. Because of irregular values of (△i H 1
+ △
i
H 2
) and sublimation enthalpies.
ii. In transition metals, oxidation states differ by +1 whereas in non-transition metals differ by +2.
OR

i. Because Cr2+ will be converted to Cr3+ which has more stable half filled t2g configuration while Mn3+ changes to Mn2+

which has more stable half-filled d5 configuration.

ii. 2MnO −

4
−
+ H2 O + I ⟶ 2 MnO2 + 2 OH- + IO3-

52. a. Due to their ability to show multiple oxidation states and to form complexes / provide large
surface area.
b. Due topoor shielding effect of 4f orbital.
c. The overall decrease in atomic and ionic radii from La to Lu is known as lanthanoid contraction. Atomic radii of second and
third transition series are very similar.
OR

c. Cr2+ is stronger reducing agent than Fe2+

Reason: d4 → d3 occurs in case of Cr2+ to Cr3+
But d6 → d5 occurs in case of Fe2+ to Fe3+
In a medium (like water) d3 is more stable as compared to d5
53. a. The energy used in the splitting of degenerate d- orbitals due to the presence of ligands in a definite geometry is called Crystal
Field Splitting Energy.
b. Ti3+ = 3d1 i.e. t2g 1ego Due to d-d transition.

c. Cr3+ = 3d3
↑ ↑ ↑

Due to stable t2g3 configuration, hence paramagnetic.

Ni2+ = 3d8

CN- being strong field ligand pair up the electrons and hence diamagnetic.
OR
CN- being a strong ligand leads to the pairing of electrons in [Fe(CN)6]3- leading to d2sp3 hybridization.H2O being a weak

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ligand does not lead to the pairing of electrons in [Fe(H2O)6]3+ leading to sp3d2 hybridization. / In [Fe(CN)6]3-, (n-1)d

orbitals of central metal ion are used in hybridization (d2sp3). Hence inner orbital complex whereas in [Fe(H2O)6]3+ n d

orbitals of central metal ion are used in hybridization (sp3d2).

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