Math 222 - Worksheet 1

Topics: Calculus 1 Review

Welcome to Math 222! During discussion, you will be working through worksheets with a group of your classmates. Make
sure to be actively involved with your group. Ask questions, discuss the problems, suggest approaches to solving them,
etc. Don’t worry if you try something and it doesn’t work out, that’s how math works! Often you will have to try several
different approaches before you get to the correct solution. Do make sure to work with your group, don’t be afraid to ask
questions, to suggest a solution before you know if it’ll work out, or to tell your classmates or your TA if you’re confused
and need clarification. You’re not expected to know everything before discussion!
Instructions: Listen to your TA’s instructions. There are substantially more problems on this worksheet than we expect
to be done in discussion, and your TA might not have you do problems in order. The worksheets are intentionally longer
than will be covered in discussion in order to give students additional practice problems they may use to study. Do not
worry if you do not finish the worksheet :).

1. Compute the following indefinite integrals.

Z  
ln(t)
(a) e2t + + 5e dt We can use the sum rule to split this integral up as
t

Z Z Z
ln(t)
e2t dt + dt + 5edt
t
Tackling these integrals one at a time, we get,
Z
1 2t
e2t dt = e
2
and, since 5e is just a constant, Z
5edt = 5et.

For the middle integral, we need to do a u-substitution. We let u = ln(t), so du = 1t dt. Hence, our integral
becomes
u2 (ln(t))2
Z
udu = = .
2 2
Putting it all together we get
(ln(t))2
Z
ln(t) 1
e2t + + 5e = e2t + + 5et + C.
t 2 2

Z
(b) (sin(2s) + cos(πs)) ds Using the chain rule on each term, we get

cos(2s) sin(πs)
− + + C.
2 π

Z
sec2 (w) dw This is one integral we are expected to remember: sec2 (w) dw = tan(w) + C.
R
(c)

1
 Z
R
(d) sec(t) tan(t) dt This is another integral we should remember: sec(t) tan(t) dt = sec(t) + C.

Z
(e) sin(4u) cos(4u) du We use the double-angle formula:

sin(2t) = 2 sin(t) cos(t)

with t = 4u. Hence

sin(8u) = 2 sin(4u) cos(4u)
so
1
sin(4u) cos(4u) = sin(8u).
2
Hence, Z Z
1 1
sin(4u) cos(4u)du = sin(8u)du = − cos(8u) + C.
2 16

Z
(f) cos2 (θ) dθ
Hint: Recall that cos(2θ) = cos2 (θ) − sin2 (θ) = 2 cos2 (θ) − 1 We use the double-angle formula cos2 (θ) =

1
2 (1 + cos(2θ)). Hence Z Z
2 1
cos (θ) dθ = (1 + cos(2θ))dθ
2
1 1
= (θ + sin(2θ)) + C.
2 2

t4 + 6t2
Z
(g) √ dt We use a u-substitution with
2 t

√
u= t
1
du = √ dt.
2 t
Hence,
t4 + 6t2 u9 6u5
Z Z
√ dt = (u8 + 6u4 )du = + +C
2 t 9 5
√ 9 √5
t 6 t
= + + C.
9 5

2
 Z p
(h) u3 u4 − 4 du We let

s = u4 − 4
ds = 4u3 du
1
ds = u3 du.
4
Hence,
1√
Z p Z
3 4
u u − 4du = sds
4
1 3/2 1
= s + C = (u4 − 4)3/2 + C.
6 6

Z p
(i) t7 t4 − 4 dt We make the substitution

u = t4 − 4
du = 4t3 dt
We can rewrite the integrand as
p p √ 1
t7 t4 − 4dt = ( t4 − 4)(t4 )(t3 dt) = ( u)(u + 4)( du).
4
Hence, our integral becomes
√
Z Z
1 1
(u + 4) udu = (u + 4)(u1/2 )du
4 4
Z
1 1 2 5/2 8 3/2
= u3/2 + 4u1/2 du = ( u + u )+C
4 4 5 3
1 2 4 8
= ( (t − 4)5/2 + (t4 − 4)3/2 ) + C.
4 5 3

Z
dw
(j) √ We let
5w + 8

u = 5w + 8
du = 5dw.
Hence,
2√ 2√
Z Z
dw 1 1
√ dw = √ du = u+C = 5w + 8 + C.
5w + 8 5 u 5 5

Z
1
(k) √ √ dz We substitute
z(1 + z)2

√
u=1+ z

3
 1
du = √ dz.
2 z
So Z Z
1 2
√ √ dz = du
z(1 + z)2 u2
2 2
=− +C =− √ + C.
u 1+ z

Z p
(l) sin(θ) cos3 (θ) dθ Let

u = sin(θ)
du = cos(θ)dθ.
We can rewrite the integral
Z p Z
3
sin(θ) cos (θ) dθ = (sin(θ)1/2 cos2 (θ) cos(θ)dθ
Z
= (sin(θ)1/2 (1 − sin2 (θ)) cos(θ)dθ
Z
= u1/2 (1 − u2 )du
Z
= u1/2 − u5/2 du

2 3/2 2 7/2
u − u +C
=
3 5
2 2
= (sin(θ))3/2 − (sin(θ))7/2 + C.
3 5

a + bx2
Z
(m) √ dx. We let
3ax + bx3

u = 3ax + bx3
du = 3a + 3bx2 dx.
So
a + bx2
Z Z
1 1
√ dx = √ du
3ax + bx3 3 u
2√ 2 p
= u+C = 3ax + bx3 + C.
3 3

2. Compute the following definite integrals.

4
 Z 2π
cos(z)
(a) p dz To avoid having to change the bounds of integration, we start by computing the definite
0 4 + 3 sin(z)

integral Z
cos(z)
p dz.
4 + 3 sin(z)
We make the substitution
u = 4 + 3 sin(z)
du = 3 cos(z)dz.
So Z Z
cos(z) 1
p dz = √ du
4 + 3 sin(z) 3 u
2√ 2p
= u= 4 + 3 sin(z).
3 3
Now that we have things back in terms of our original variable, we can use the original bounds of integration
and the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus to compute
Z 2π
cos(z) 2p 2p 2p 4 4
p dz = [ 4 + 3 sin(z)]2π
0 = 4 + 3 sin(2π) − 4 + 3 sin(0) = − = 0.
0 4 + 3 sin(z) 3 3 3 3 3

Z π     
2 t 2 t
(b) 2 + tan sec dt. We make the substitution
−π
2
2 2

t
u = 2 + tan( )
2
1 t
du = sec2 ( )dt.
2 2
Hence, the indefinite integral Z     
t 2 t
2 + tan sec dt
2 2
becomes Z
t
2udu = u2 = (2 + tan( ))2 .
2
Now we can plug in the original bounds to get
Z π2     
t 2 t π/2 2 −pi/2 2
2 + tan sec dt = tan( )) − tan( )) = 9 − 1 = 8.
−2π 2 2 2 2

Z 1  
1 2 1
(c) sin 1 + ds. Let
1
2
s2 s

u = 1 + 1/s
1
du = − ds.
s2
Then Z   Z
1 2 1
sin 1 + ds = − sin2 (u)du.
s2 s

5
 We can now use the double-angle formula

1 − cos(2u)
sin2 (u) = .
2
Hence,
1 − cos(2u)
Z Z
1 u 1 1 + 1/s
− sin2 (u)du = − du = sin(2u) − = sin(2(1 + 1/s)) − .
2 4 2 4 2
Plugging in the original bounds, we get
Z 1  
1 2 1 1 1 + 1/1 1 1+2 sin(4) sin(6) 3
2
sin 1 + ds = ( sin(2(1+1/1))− )−( sin(2(1+2))− )=( −1)−( − ).
1 s s 4 2 4 2 4 4 2
2

Z a p
(d) x a2 − x2 dx. Let
0

u = a2 − x2
du = −2xdx.
So
1 √
Z Z
p 1 2 1
x a2 − x2 dx = − udu = − · u3/2 = − (a2 − x2 )3/2 .
2 2 3 3
Plugging in our original bounds, we get
Z a p
1 1 1
x a2 − x2 dx = (− (a2 − a2 )3/2 ) − (− (a2 − 02 )3/2 ) = a3 .
0 3 3 3

Z 4
x
(e) √ dx. We substitute
0 1 + 2x

√
u= 1 + 2x
1
du = √ dx
1 + 2x
Solving the first equation for x, we get
u2 − 1
x= .
2
Hence √
u2 − 1 u3 (1 + 2x)3/2
Z Z
x u 1 + 2x
√ dx = du = − = − .
1 + 2x 2 6 2 6 2
Finally plugging our original bounds back in we get
Z 4 √ √
x (1 + 2 ∗ 4)3/2 1+2∗4 (1 + 2 ∗ 0)3/2 1+2∗0
√ dx = ( − )−( − ) = 3 − −1/3 = 10/3.
0 1 + 2x 6 2 6 2

3. Later in the semester, you will learn in class a technique of integration called Integration by Parts. As an application
of that technique, you will study what is called a “reduction formula”. The next few problems will help you get
familiar with the notation used when dealing with reduction formulas.

6
4. Let In = 5n(n + 2). Compute I4 . Plugging in n = 4, we get I4 = 5 ∗ 4(4 + 2) = 120.

5. Let In = 4In−1 and I0 = 2. Compute I3 . We compute recursively:

I1 = 4 ∗ I0 = 8

I2 = 4 ∗ I1 = 32
I3 = 4 ∗ I2 = 128.

cosn−1 (x) sin(x) n−1

6. Let Jn = n + n Jn−2 , and J0 = x. Compute J4 as a function of x.

We compute recursively:
cos2−1 (x) sin(x) 2 − 1 cos(x) sin(x) 1
J2 = + J0 = + x
2 n 2 2
cos4−1 (x) sin(x) 4 − 1
J4 = + J2
4 4
cos3 (x) sin(x) 3 cos(x) sin(x) 1
= + ( + x).
4 4 2 2