ENGG*1070

Occupational Health and Safety

Fall 2024

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 • Introduction

“Hazardous Waste”
Human health or the environment

.google.com/search?q=Hazardous+Waste+cartoon&tbm= 3
 • Hazardous Waste

A hazardous waste (HW) can lead to an unacceptable risk

to:
o Public health
o Environment

➢ Hazardous waste managements system

- Generators
- Transporters
- Treatment and disposal

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 • Hazardous Waste Problem

• The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

estimated that 80 billion pounds of hazardous waste are
produced each year.

• Only 10% of these wastes were properly disposed through

onsite disposal methods and secured landfills.

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 • Hazardous Waste Categories

➢ There are two Categories:

• Producer
ProducerWastes:
Wastes:are those generated by industry. They are
usually concentrated and found in particular locations

• Consumer Wastes: are those disposed of by the ultimate user

of products. They are usually low in concentration, but widely
dispersed.

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 • Transportation and Storage

• HW generated at source requires movement by special

containers to storage facilities.
• Requires serious care and attention while moving
• HW to be properly packed and labelled for transport to
ensure safe handling
• Storage facilities are used to store waste temporarily before
treatment and disposal

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 • Hazardous Waste Regulations
➢ Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA)
Provided framework for developing regulations for solid and
hazardous waste. The controls include:
• Identification of hazardous wastes
• Tracking wastes from ”cradle to grave”
• Setting standards for generators of wastes,
transporters of wastes, and treatment, storage and
disposal facilities

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 • Primary CEPA Requirements
Label: containers with a description of their contents

Store: only the permissible volume of waste in your lab

Ensure: lids and caps are securely fastened at all times,

except when putting wastes into the containers

Ensure: all materials are properly segregated

Use: containers that are compatible with your waste, intact

containers (no cracks, holes, etc.)
Ensure: that spills and overfills do not occur
Ensure: that mismanagement does not occur 9
 • CEPA Training Purpose
• The employer is responsible to train employees
regarding the waste management

Understand
Understand

Understand

Know

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 • Categories of Hazardous Waste

➢ The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

established three categories to identify whether
wastes are hazardous:
1- Characteristic Wastes,
2- Listed Wastes,
3- Universal Wastes,

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 • Categories of Hazardous Waste

1. Characteristic waste
- Listed on the D-list or TCLP (Toxicity Characteristic Leaching
Procedure)

2. Listed waste
- Materials specifically identified on one of the following lists:
F, K, U, or P lists

3. Universal waste
- Batteries, lamps, pesticides, mercury from thermometers

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 • Categories of Hazardous Waste

1- Characteristic Wastes,

Source of picture: Four Characteristics of Hazardous Waste | MLI Environmental

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 • Categories of Hazardous Waste

• Ignitable (flammables), Examples: Acetone,

Methanol, Ethanol,

• Any waste material with a flashpoint < 140 F

(60 C)

• Includes oxidizers (Sodium nitrate, potassium

permanganate)

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 • Used Oil
❑Used oil means any oil that has been refined from crude oil, or
any synthetic oil, that has been used and because of such use,
is contaminated by physical or chemical impurities.

❑Used oil must be:

• Collected in clean containers in good condition (no leakers)
• Storage and transfer containers must be marked with the
words “Used oil”.
• Never add solvents, part washer fluids, carb cleaners, or
glycol to your used oil
• Keep the “used oil” container closed (Lid in place and
secured) except when adding or removing used oil. 15
 • Categories of Hazardous Waste

• Corrosive (pH less than 2.0 or

greater than 12.5)

• A liquid that corrodes steel at a

rate greater than 6.35 mm per
year at a temperature of 55 oC

• Examples include Hydrochloric

acid, Sulfuric Acid, Sodium
Hydroxide
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• Categories of Hazardous Waste

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 • Categories of Hazardous Waste
D0004- Toxics
• Toxic wastes are harmful or fatal when ingested,
inhaled or absorbed through the skin.
• Toxic wastes in landfills may leach from the
waste and pollute ground water.
• Includes metals, such as mercury, lead and
compounds such as Methylene Chloride,
Chloroform
• Includes acutely toxic chemicals, which are very
dangerous (i.e. Sodium Azide, arsenic and
cyanide compounds
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• HW Toxicity Characteristic

Procedure is a chemical analysis process used to determine

whether there are hazardous elements present in a waste.

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• HW Toxicity Characteristic

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• TCLP Concentrations

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• Categories of Hazardous Waste

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 • Categories of Hazardous Waste
2- Listed Wastes,
• The F-list identifies wastes from common manufacturing
and industrial processes.

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• Categories of Hazardous Waste

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 • Categories of Hazardous Waste

3- Universal Wastes,

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• Containers in the Hazardous Waste

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• Containers in the Hazardous Waste

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 • Quiz

What element is missed in the Hazardous Waste labels

bellow:

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• Treatment Methods

• Physical

• Chemical

• Biological

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• Physical Treatment

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• Physical Treatment

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• Chemical Treatment

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• Biological Treatment

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• Disposal

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• Incineration

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