Hebrew Podcasts

Lesson 8 – Passover Seder

Beginner Level

Hello, and welcome to Hebrew Podcasts.

Future Tense
In today’s lesson, Noa will tell us about her plans and preparations
for the Passover Seder. We’ll hear about some of the customs and This verb, ‫להגיד‬, has the same structure
how to wish someone a happy Passover. as the verb ‫ להשאיר‬that we saw in
lesson 6.
Noa is here. !‫שלום נועה‬
.‫שלום‬ To say, to tell ‫להגיד‬
We’ll start our lesson by listening to the entire dialog. We’ll then Lé-hà-gid
review it piece by piece.
Here’s the dialog. I’ll say ‫אני אגיד‬
À-ni à-gid
Say Noa, ,‫תגידי נועה‬
You’ll say (m. sg.) ‫אתה תגיד‬
Tà-gi-di no-à,
À-tà tà-gid
where will you be ‫איפה אתם תהיו‬
éy-fo à-tém ti-hi-yoo You’ll say (f. sg.) ‫את תגידי‬
on the Passover Seder night? ?‫בליל הסדר‬ Àt tà-gi-di
bé-léyl hà-sé-dér? He’ll say (m. sg.) ‫הוא יגיד‬
This year we are ‫השנה אנחנו‬ Hoo yà-gid
Hà-shà-nà à-nàh-noo She’ll say (f. sg.) ‫היא תגיד‬
at my sister Dahlia’s place. .‫אצל אחותי דליה‬ Hee tà-gid
é-tsél à-ho-ti dàl-yà. We’ll say ‫אנחנו נגיד‬
Do you read the Haggadah? ?‫אתם קוראים את ההגדה‬ À-nàh-noo nà-gid
À-tém kor-im ét hà-hà-gà-dà?
You’ll say (m. pl.) ‫אתם תגידו‬
Yes, sure. .‫ בטח‬,‫כן‬
À-tém tà-gid-oo
Kén, bé-tàh.
You’ll say (f. pl.) ‫אתן תגדנה‬
We read the Haggadah ‫אנחנו קוראים את ההגדה‬
À-tén tà-géd-nà
À-nàh-noo kor-im ét hà-hà-gà-dà
from beginning to end. .‫מהתחלה ועד הסוף‬ They’ll say (m. pl.) ‫הם יגידו‬
mé-hàt-hà-là vé-àd hà-sof. Hém yà-gid-oo
The kids too? ?‫הילדים גם‬ They’ll say (f. pl.) ‫הן תגדנה‬
Hà-yé-là-dim gàm? Hén tà-géd-nà
Yes. Yoni asks ‫ יוני שואל‬.‫כן‬
Kén. Yo-ni sho-él
We see the future tense used as the
“Ma Nishtana?” "?‫"מה נשתנה‬ imperative in Hebrew while in English we
mà nish-tà-nà? normally use the present tense for the
We sing together ‫אנחנו שרים ביחד‬ imperative.
À-nàh-noo shà-rim bé-yà-hàd .‫ תגידי לי מה השעה‬,‫נועה‬
Passover songs ‫שירים של פסח‬
No-à, tà-gi-di li mà hà-shà-à.
shi-rim shél pé-sàh
Noa, tell me what time it is.
and eat matzos. .‫ואוכלים מצות‬
vé-oh-lim mà-tsot. .‫אנחנו נגיד שלום‬
How is Dahlia? ?‫מה שלום דליה‬ À-nàh-noo nà-gid shà-lom.
Mà shlom dàl-yà? We’ll say goodbye.
Alright. .‫בסדר גמור‬
Bé-sé-dér gà-moor.
She is preparing and cooking ‫היא מכינה ומבשלת‬
Hee mé-hi-nà vé-mé-và-shé-lét
for a (whole) week already. .‫כבר שבוע שלם‬
kvàr shà-voo-à shà-lém.

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 Hebrew Podcasts
Lesson 8 – Passover Seder
Beginner Level

It’s going to be wonderful! !‫זה יהיה נהדר‬

Zé yi-hi-yé né-hé-dàr! Present Tense
Great, ,‫יופי‬
Yo-fi to read ‫לקרוא‬
Happy holiday to you! !‫שיהיה לכם חג שמח‬
Lik-ro
shé-yi-hi-yé là-hém hàg sà-mé-àh!
To you too, ,‫גם לך‬
I/you/he read(s) ‫הוא‬/‫אתה‬/‫אני‬
Gàm lé-hà
(male singular) ‫קורא‬
happy Passover! !‫חג פסח שמח‬ À-ni/À-tà/Hoo ko-ré
hàg pé-sàh sà-mé-àh
I/you/she read(s) ‫היא‬/‫את‬/‫אני‬
I started by asking Noa where they’ll be for the Passover Seder. In (female singular) ‫קוראת‬
fact I used a question opener that’s equivalent to “Say Noa,” À-ni/Àt/Hee ko-rét
‫תגידי נועה‬ we/you/they read ‫הם‬/‫אתם‬/‫אנחנו‬
Tà-gi-di No-à (male plural) ‫קוראים‬
►the clock indicates that we pause here for you to repeat À-nàh-noo/À-tém/Hém kor-im
‫תגידי נועה‬ we/you/they read ‫הן‬/‫אתן‬/‫אנחנו‬
‫תגידי‬. That’s the verb to say, ‫להגיד‬, used in the imperative. This is (female plural) ‫קוראות‬
actually not grammatically correct because ‫ תגידי‬is the future tense À-nàh-noo/À-tén/Hén kor-ot
and Hebrew has a special tense for the imperative. In our case, it
Note that Hebrew uses one form for both
would be ‫הגידי‬, but in spoken Hebrew people use the future tense
English present forms: “read” and “is
in this case.
reading”. So, “I read” and “I am reading”
Another thing to point out is that ‫ תגידי‬is the feminine form. This is are both ‫אני קורא‬.
because I was addressing Noa. If Noa was addressing me, she ?‫מה את קוראת‬
would say
Mà àt ko-rét?
‫תגיד דני‬ What are you reading?
Tà-gid Dà-ni
‫תגיד דני‬ ‫יוני קורא ספר חדש‬
Yo-ni ko-ré sé-fér hà-dàsh
In the dialog I asked “where will you be?” That involves the verb to
Yoni is reading a new book
be in the future. We’ll get to that later, but first, let’s learn how to
say the plural form of “you” ‫נועה אוהבת לקרוא‬
‫אתם‬ No-à o-hé-vét lik-ro
À-tém Noa loves to read
‫אתם‬
Words like I, you, he, she, we, and them are called pronouns. Let’s
learn some Hebrew pronouns. Some of those you already know. To
say “I” it’s
‫אני‬
À-ni
‫אני‬
It’s ‫ אני‬regardless of gender. To say “you”, in singular, varies by
gender. Let’s start with masculine. So, if Noa was speaking to me,
she would say
‫אתה‬
À-tà
‫אתה‬

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 Hebrew Podcasts
Lesson 8 – Passover Seder
Beginner Level

And if I was speaking to Noa, I would say

‫את‬ Future Tense
Àt
‫את‬ To be ‫להיות‬
Li-hi-yot
Now, for the third-person, to speak about someone who’s a male,
or if I speak about a person for whom I don’t know the gender, I
would say I’ll be ‫אני אהיה‬
À-ni é-hé-yé
‫הוא‬
Hoo You’ll be (m. sg.) ‫אתה תהיה‬
‫הוא‬ À-tà ti-hi-yé
You’ll be (f. sg.) ‫את תהיי‬
And speaking about a female, we would say
Àt ti-hi-yi
‫היא‬ He’ll be (m. sg.) ‫הוא יהיה‬
Hee Hoo yi-hi-yé
‫היא‬
She’ll be (f. sg.) ‫היא תהיה‬
Now let’s see these in plural. To say “we”, it’s Hee ti-hi-yé
‫אנחנו‬ We’ll be ‫אנחנו נהיה‬
À-nàh-noo À-nàh-noo ni-hi-yé
‫אנחנו‬ You’ll be (m. pl.) ‫אתם תהיו‬
À-tém ti-hi-yoo
To say “you” to a group of males, or a mixed group of males and
females, it’s You’ll be (f. pl.) ‫אתן תהינה‬
À-tén ti-hi-yé-nà
‫אתם‬
They’ll be (m. pl.) ‫הם יהיו‬
À-tém
‫אתם‬ Hém yi-hi-yoo
They’ll be (f. pl.) ‫הן תהינה‬
And to a group of females it’s Hén ti-hi-yé-nà
‫אתן‬
À-tén .‫בשעה שבע נהיה בבית‬
‫אתן‬
Bé-shà-à shé-và ni-hi-yé bà-bà-it.
And speaking about “them” – a group of males or a mixed group – At seven o’clock we will be home.
it’s
.‫אנחנו נהיה בתל אביב בחמש‬
‫הם‬ À-nàh-noo ni-hi-yé bé-tél à-viv
Hém bé-hà-mésh.
‫הם‬ We’ll be in Tel Aviv at five.
And finally, speaking about “them” which it’s a group of females !‫שיהיה לכם חג שמח‬
‫הן‬ Shé-yi-hi-yé là-hém hàg sà-mé-àh!
Hén Happy holiday to you! (Literally, “that [it]
‫הן‬ will be to you a happy holiday!”)

Going back to our dialog, Noa answered that this year Noa and her
family are at Dahlia’s place. Now we already know the word for
year
‫שנה‬
Shà-nà
‫שנה‬

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 Hebrew Podcasts
Lesson 8 – Passover Seder
Beginner Level

To say “this year”, it’s

‫השנה‬
Hà-shà-nà The ‫הא הידיעה‬
‫השנה‬ (definite article)
Héy hà-yé-di-à
‫השנה‬, literally “The year” – this year, that is.
Next I asked Noa if she and her family read the Haggadah.
‫ הא הידיעה‬is what we call the letter ‫ה‬
?‫אתם קוראים את ההגדה‬ when it used as the definitive article. In
À-tém kor-im ét hà-hà-gà-dà? other words, it serves the same purpose
?‫אתם קוראים את ההגדה‬ as the word the in English.
‫ההגדה‬
The Haggadah is a book that contains the order of the Passover
Seder. Hà-hà-gà-dà
The verb here, ‫קוראים‬, is the verb to read in the present, in plural. The Haggadah
Noa used it again when she answered that they read it from ‫היום‬
beginning to end. Let’s hear that in two parts. “We read the Hà-yom
Haggadah” is
The day (or today)
‫אנחנו קוראים את ההגדה‬
‫השנה‬
À-nàh-noo kor-im ét hà-hà-gà-dà
‫אנחנו קוראים את ההגדה‬ Hà-shà-nà
The year (or this year)
And the second part, “from beginning to end” is
‫הסוף‬
‫מהתחלה ועד הסוף‬ Hà-sof
mé-hàt-hà-là vé-àd hà-sof
The end
‫מהתחלה ועד הסוף‬
‫הילדים‬
The word for beginning is ‫התחלה‬. We add ‫ מ‬as a prefix to say
Hà-yé-là-dim
‫ – מהתחלה‬from beginning. To say “until” is
The children (or the kids)
‫עד‬
Àd
‫עד‬
Before we heard ‫ועד‬. That means “and until”. Finally, the end is
‫הסוף‬
Hà-sof
‫הסוף‬
‫ סוף‬is end, and ‫ הסוף‬is the end.
The kids are key participants in the Seder. After all, the Seder is all
about re-telling of the story of the exodus from Egypt to the next
generation. Part of the tradition is for the youngest boy to ask “Ma
Nishtana?” Let’s hear that
‫יוני שואל מה נשתנה‬
Yo-ni sho-él mà nish-tà-nà
‫יוני שואל מה נשתנה‬
‫ מה נשתנה‬is a question asking “what’s different” about this evening
of the Seder.

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 Hebrew Podcasts
Lesson 8 – Passover Seder
Beginner Level

Noa went on to say that they sing together Passover songs

‫אנחנו שרים ביחד שירים של פסח‬ Present Tense
À-nàh-noo shà-rim bé-yà-hàd shi-rim shél pé-sàh
‫אנחנו שרים ביחד שירים של פסח‬ to sing ‫לשיר‬
‫ שרים‬is the verb to sing in the present plural. ‫ שירים‬is the word for Là-shir
songs. To say together, we say ‫ביחד‬. Let’s hear that entire
sentence one more time. I/you/he sing(s) ‫הוא‬/‫אתה‬/‫אני‬
(male singular) ‫שר‬
‫אנחנו שרים ביחד שירים של פסח‬ À-ni/À-tà/Hoo shàr
Next, Noa, we hear that you also eat ‫מצות‬. ‫ מצות‬are the traditional I/you/she sing(s) ‫היא‬/‫את‬/‫אני‬
unleavened bread that’s eaten on Passover. (female singular) ‫שרה‬
Next, I asked you Noa how is Dahlia. In lesson one we learned to À-ni/Àt/Hee shà-rà
ask “how are you”, ?‫מה שלומך‬. we/you/they sing ‫הם‬/‫אתם‬/‫אנחנו‬
(male plural) ‫שרים‬
To ask about a third person, we ask
À-nàh-noo/À-tém/Hém shà-rim
?‫מה שלום דליה‬ we/you/they sing ‫הן‬/‫אתן‬/‫אנחנו‬
Mà shlom dàl-yà? (female plural) ‫שרות‬
?‫מה שלום דליה‬ À-nàh-noo/À-tén/Hén shà-rot
Dahlia is alright, but she is working hard. We heard that she is
preparing and cooking. Those two verbs are both in the present, ‫ ויוני שרים ביחד‬,‫ דליה‬,‫נועה‬
and in their feminine form. Preparing is
No-à, Dàl-yà, vé-yo-ni shà-rim bé-yà-hàd
‫מכינה‬ Noa, Dahlia, and Yoni sing together
Mé-hi-nà
‫יוני שר שירים של פסח‬
‫מכינה‬
Yo-ni shàr shi-rim shél pé-sàh
And cooking Yoni is singing Passover songs (literally,
‫מבשלת‬ Yoni sings songs of Passover)
Mé-và-shé-lét ‫נועה אוהבת לשיר בעברית‬
‫מבשלת‬ No-à o-hé-vét là-shir bé-iv-rit
So to say “she is preparing and cooking”, you said Noa likes to sing in Hebrew

‫היא מכינה ומבשלת‬

Hee mé-hi-nà vé-mé-và-shé-lét
‫היא מכינה ומבשלת‬
You said that she’s doing it for a week already. Let’s see how you Present Tense
said that.
to cook ‫לבשל‬
‫כבר שבוע שלם‬
Là-và-shél
Kvàr shà-voo-à shà-lém
‫כבר שבוע שלם‬
‫דליה מבשלת מרק עוף‬
Literally “already a whole week”. ‫ כבר‬is already. ‫ שבוע‬is a week,
and ‫ שלם‬is a whole. Let’s hear that one more time Dàl-yà mé-và-shé-lét mà-ràk of
Dahlia is cooking chicken soup
‫כבר שבוע שלם‬
‫דליה מבשלת לפסח‬
Anyway, “it’s going to be wonderful!” you said. Dàl-yà mé-và-shé-lét lé-pé-sàh
!‫זה יהיה נהדר‬ Dahlia is cooking for Passover
Zé yi-hi-yé né-hé-dàr!
!‫זה יהיה נהדר‬

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 Hebrew Podcasts
Lesson 8 – Passover Seder
Beginner Level

This sentence needs some explaining because you used the verb
to be in the future. The verb to be, ‫להיות‬, is not used in the present
at all. So let’s some variations. To say “it was wonderful”, we would Passover ‫פסח‬
say. Pé-sàh
!‫זה היה נהדר‬
Zé hà-yà né-hé-dàr! Passover begins on the 15th day of the
!‫זה היה נהדר‬ Jewish month of Nisan and is celebrated
for 8 days. It commemorates the liberation
To say it in the present “it is wonderful”, we omit the verb altogether of the Israelites from slavery, and the
exodus from ancient Egypt.
!‫זה נהדר‬
Zé né-hé-dàr! The highlight of the holiday is the Seder, a
!‫זה נהדר‬ ritual meal on the first night. The
Haggadah is read, which tells the story of
Finally, in the future, “it will be wonderful”, or “it’s going to be the exodus from Egypt through prayers,
wonderful”, we say songs and stories.
!‫זה יהיה נהדר‬
Zé yi-hi-yé né-hé-dàr!
!‫זה יהיה נהדר‬
The Seder ‫צלחת הסדר‬
At the beginning of our lesson, we had another example of the verb Plate
to be in the future. I asked “Where will you be?”
Tsà-là-hàt hà-sé-dér
‫איפה אתם תהיו‬
Éy-fo à-tém ti-hi-yoo
‫איפה אתם תהיו‬
‫תהיו‬, that’s the verb to be in the future in the third-person plural.
Before we finish, let’s learn how to greet each other a happy
holiday. !‫חג שמח נועה‬
!‫חג שמח‬
And with that we come to the end of our lesson. Before we repeat
the dialog, I’d like to remind our listeners to download the lesson
guide. It provides further explanations. You can download it off our
web site at http://hebrewpodcasts.com.
Let’s listen to the entire dialog again. We’ll pause after each line for
you to repeat it out loud.
Fresh greens - A symbol of springtime
Say Noa, ,‫תגידי נועה‬ and rebirth.
Tà-gi-di no-à,
Roasted hard-boiled egg - a reminder of
where will you be ‫איפה אתם תהיו‬
ancient festival offerings in Jerusalem.
éy-fo à-tém ti-hi-yoo
on the Passover Seder night? ?‫בליל הסדר‬ Roasted lamb shank - representing the
bé-léyl hà-sé-dér? lamb sacrificed at the first Passover.
This year we are ‫השנה אנחנו‬ Haroset – Symbol for the mortar used by
Hà-shà-nà à-nàh-noo Jewish slaves to build the Egyptian
at my sister Dahlia’s place. .‫אצל אחותי דליה‬ temples.
é-tsél à-ho-ti dàl-yà. Horseradish – A reminder of the
Do you read the Haggadah? ?‫אתם קוראים את ההגדה‬ bitterness of slavery.
À-tém kor-im ét hà-hà-gà-dà?
Bitter herbs – A reminder of the
Yes, sure. .‫ בטח‬,‫כן‬ bitterness of slavery (usually lettuce).
Kén, bé-tàh.

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 Hebrew Podcasts
Lesson 8 – Passover Seder
Beginner Level

We read the Haggadah ‫אנחנו קוראים את ההגדה‬

À-nàh-noo kor-im ét hà-hà-gà-dà
from beginning to end. .‫מהתחלה ועד הסוף‬ Kosher for ‫כשר לפסח‬
mé-hàt-hà-là vé-àd hà-sof. Passover
The kids too? ?‫הילדים גם‬ Kà-shér lé-pé-sàh
Hà-yé-là-dim gàm?
Yes. Yoni asks ‫ יוני שואל‬.‫כן‬
Kén. Yo-ni sho-él
“Ma Nishtana?” "?‫"מה נשתנה‬
mà nish-tà-nà?
We sing together ‫אנחנו שרים ביחד‬
À-nàh-noo shà-rim bé-yà-hàd
Passover songs ‫שירים של פסח‬
shi-rim shél pé-sàh
and eat matzos. .‫ואוכלים מצות‬
vé-oh-lim mà-tsot.
How is Dahlia? ?‫מה שלום דליה‬
Mà shlom dàl-yà?
Alright. .‫בסדר גמור‬
Bé-sé-dér gà-moor. During Passover it is forbidden to eat and
She is preparing and cooking ‫היא מכינה ומבשלת‬ have at the homes any type of grains
Hee mé-hi-nà vé-mé-và-shé-lét such as wheat, rye, barley or oats. These
for a (whole) week already. .‫כבר שבוע שלם‬ items are called Hametz. Only flour-like
kvàr shà-voo-à shà-lém. matzo meal and potato starch are used
for cooking and baking.
It’s going to be wonderful! !‫זה יהיה נהדר‬
Zé yi-hi-yé né-hé-dàr!
Great, ,‫יופי‬
Yo-fi
Happy holiday to you! !‫שיהיה לכם חג שמח‬
shé-yi-hi-yé là-hém hàg sà-mé-àh!
To you too, ,‫גם לך‬
Gàm lé-hà
happy Passover! !‫חג פסח שמח‬
hàg pé-sàh sà-mé-àh
That’s it for today!
Our next lesson is in time for another important Holiday. Israel will
be celebrating its sixtieth anniversary.
Until then
!‫שלום ולהתראות‬

Transcription
We’ll use transcription in our lesson guides to help you read new Hebrew words. You should read the transcription as if it was English.
We’ll use hyphens to help the pronunciation. We’ll use é and à to better approximate the Hebrew sounds. You should pronounce those as
you would in French. Are you familiar with the expression déjà vu, or the word résumé? If so, then you should pronounce these two
accents accordingly. Otherwise, pronounce é like the e in let and pronounce à like the a in bark or the u in up.
Finally we’ll use h (the letter h with an underscore) to denote the sound of the letter Het (‫ )ח‬or the loose version of the letter Kaf (‫)כ‬. You
should refer to lesson 2 to hear this sound.

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 Hebrew Podcasts
Lesson 8 – Passover Seder
Beginner Level

This lesson’s vocabulary

ask ‫שואל‬ eat (pl.) ‫אוכלים‬
songs ‫שירים‬ my sister ‫אחותי‬
whole ‫שלם‬ where ‫איפה‬
year ‫שנה‬ we ‫אנחנו‬
sing (pl.) ‫שרים‬ at ‫אצל‬
say (imperative, fem.) ‫תגידי‬ you (pl.) ‫אתם‬
you will say (fem.) sure ‫בטח‬
you will be ‫תהיו‬
together ‫ביחד‬
alright ‫בסדר גמור‬
too ‫גם‬
Dahlia ‫דליה‬
the ...‫ה‬
Haggada ‫הגדה‬
she ‫היא‬
and ...‫ו‬
it ‫זה‬
happy Passover ‫חג פסח שמח‬
happy holiday ‫חג שמח‬
will be, going to be ‫יהיה‬
Yoni ‫יוני‬
great ‫יופי‬
kids ‫ילדים‬
already ‫כבר‬
yes ‫כן‬
Passover Seder night ‫ליל הסדר‬
to you ‫לך‬
to you (pl.) ‫לכם‬
cooking (fem.) ‫מבשלת‬
how is ‫מה שלום‬
from beginning to end ‫מהתחלה ועד הסוף‬
prepare (fem.) ‫מכינה‬
matzos ‫מצות‬
wonderful ‫נהדר‬
Noa ‫נועה‬
Passover ‫פסח‬
read (pl.) ‫קוראים‬
week ‫שבוע‬

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 Hebrew Podcasts
Lesson 8 – Passover Seder
Beginner Level

Lesson 8 – Exercises

Match each sentence with its Hebrew translation. Then draw a line to connect them.

You read the Haggadah ‫מהתחלה ועד הסוף‬

Mé-hàt-hà-là vé-àd hà-sof
From beginning to end ‫שירים של פסח‬
Shi-rim shél pé-sàh
Passover songs ?‫איפה אתם תהיו‬
Éy-fo à-tém ti-hi-yoo?
Where will you be? !‫חג פסח שמח‬
Hàg pé-sàh sà-mé-àh
Happy Passover! ‫אתם קוראים את ההגדה‬
À-tém kor-im ét hà-hà-gà-dà

Select the correct form of the verb and write it in the space. Pay attention to gender and
plurality.
1. À-tém __________ sé-fér. .‫ אתם ________ ספר‬.1
Kor-im ‫א( קוראים‬
Ko-ré ‫ב( קורא‬
Ko-rét ‫ג( קוראת‬
2. Yo-ni __________ shi-rim shél pé-sàh. .‫ יוני ________ שירים של פסח‬.2
Shà-rim ‫א( שרים‬
Shàr ‫ב( שר‬
Shà-rot ‫ג( שרות‬
3. À-nàh-noo __________ bé-yà-hàd. .‫ אנחנו ________ ביחד‬.3
Shà-rim ‫א( שרים‬
Shàr ‫ב( שר‬
Shà-rot ‫ג( שרות‬
4. A-nàh-noo __________ mà-tsot. .‫ אנחנו ________ מצות‬.4
Oh-lim ‫א( אוכלים‬
O-hél ‫ב( אוכל‬
O-hé-lét ‫ג( אוכלת‬
5. No-à __________ mà-tsot. .‫ נועה ________ מצות‬.5
Oh-lim ‫א( אוכלים‬
O-hél ‫ב( אוכל‬
O-hé-lét ‫ג( אוכלת‬
For problems number 4 and 5, you may want to review what we learned in lesson 7.

© Both the podcast and this accompanying lesson guide are copyrighted material. All rights reserved. You may not distribute
these materials without permission from the copyright owner.

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