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Faults Handouts

The document discusses faults, which are fractures in the Earth's crust that can cause earthquakes, and describes their components such as fault planes, fault lines, hanging walls, and foot walls. It categorizes faults into active and inactive types, detailing five major fault lines in the Philippines and explaining different types of faults: normal, reverse, and strike-slip. Additionally, it mentions the role of the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) in disaster mitigation related to geological phenomena.

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27 views2 pages

Faults Handouts

The document discusses faults, which are fractures in the Earth's crust that can cause earthquakes, and describes their components such as fault planes, fault lines, hanging walls, and foot walls. It categorizes faults into active and inactive types, detailing five major fault lines in the Philippines and explaining different types of faults: normal, reverse, and strike-slip. Additionally, it mentions the role of the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) in disaster mitigation related to geological phenomena.

Uploaded by

Crystal Blue Sapphire Silver Ace Fleminix
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Faults Parts of a Fault

Pacific rings of fire. It is a zone around


the pacific ocean where many
earthquakes and volcanic eruptions
occur.

Fault plane- is the surface on which


motion occurs.
fault line- is the line along the surface
Faults that follows the fault plane.
- A fracture in the rocks of Hanging wall- it is the block above the
Earth’s crust, where compressional or fault plane.
tensional forces cause relative Foot wall- it is the block below the
displacement of the rocks on the fault plane.
opposite sides of the fracture.
According to a
- Earthquakes occur on faults. geologist, miners
called it foot wall
Active fault - are faults that has a because that is
constant shifting of the Earth’s crust where the miners
for the past 10,000 years, leading to were standing,
frequent earthquakes. and hanging wall
because it is
5 major fault lines. where they hang
their light.
1. West Panay Fault
2. Bagui Fault
3. Surigao faul Types of Faults
4. East valley fault
5. West valley fault.
Normal Fault
Inactive fault - is a seismic structure
that have not seen or experienced any The most
earthquake activity in the past millions common
of years. type of
fault. It
-an inactive fault can become active if forms due
there are changes in the Earth’s crust. to the
These changes causes stress to build up tensional
along the fault line, once released it forces
will cause earthquake. tectonic plate when
movements or large earthquake can rocks are
shift stress onto a dormant faults. displaced away from each other making
the rock above an inclined fracture
plane moves downward, sliding along
the rock on the other side of the
fracture.

Reverse Fault

It forms due to the compressional


forces when rocks are displaced
towards each
other. This
makes the
hanging wall to
go up and the
foot wall to go
down.

Strike-Slip Fault

The two sides of


the fault strike
each other and
slip past each
other
horizontally. In
strike-slip
faulting the two
blocks shear and tear each other.

Philippine Institute of Volcanology


and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)

- Principally mandated to mitigate


disasters that may arise from volcanic
eruptions, earthquakes, tsunami and
other related geotectonic phenomena.

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