michael smith engineers limited
IP Protection Classes
The protection of enclosures against ingress of dirt or against the ingress of water is defined
in IEC529 (BSEN60529:1991). Conversely, an enclosure which protects equipment against
ingress of particles will also protect a person from potential hazards within that enclosure,
and this degree of protection is also defined as a standard.
The degrees of protection are most commonly expressed as ‘IP’ followed by two numbers,
e.g. IP65, where the numbers define the degree of protection. The first digit shows the extent
to which the equipment is protected against particles, or to which persons are protected from
enclosed hazards. The second digit indicates the extent of protection against water. The
wording in the table is not exactly as used in the standards document, but the dimensions
are accurate.
First Protection against Human Protection against Foreign
Digit Contact Bodies
0 No special protection No special protection
1 With back of hand Large foreign bodies, diam. >50mm
2 With a finger Medium-sized foreign bodies, diam. >12.5mm
3 With tools and wires etc with a Small foreign bodies, diam. >2.5mm
thickness >2.5mm
4 With tools and wires etc with a Granular foreign bodies, diam. >1mm
thickness >1mm
5 Complete protection Dust protected; dust deposits are permitted,
but their volume must not affect the function of
the unit.
6 Complete protection Dust-proof
Second
Protection against Water Ingress
Digit
0 No special protection
1 Water dripping vertically
2 Water dripping at an angle (up to 15 degrees from the vertical)
3 Spray water (any direction up to 60 degrees from the vertical)
4 Spray water from all directions
5 Water jets from a nozzle in all directions
6 High pressure jets
7 Temporary immersion
8 Permanent immersion
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