Chapter 1: Chemical Reactions and Equations
1. Define a redox reaction with an example.
2. Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between hydrogen and oxygen to
form water.
3. What is a precipitation reaction? Give an example.
4. Differentiate between oxidation and reduction.
5. Why is the burning of magnesium in air considered a combination reaction?
Chapter 2: Acids, Bases, and Salts
6. Write the chemical formula of Plaster of Paris and explain its preparation.
7. Explain the pH scale with an example.
8. Why is it advised not to touch strong acids with bare hands?
9. What is the role of baking soda in baking?
10. Differentiate between acids and bases using examples.
Chapter 3: Metals and Non-Metals
11. Why do ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points?
12. Explain why aluminum is a highly reactive metal but is still used to make utensils.
13. Describe the process of electrolytic refining of copper.
14. Why does zinc not react with cold water?
15. Write the equations for the reactions of iron with steam.
Chapter 4: Carbon and Its Compounds
16. Why are covalent compounds poor conductors of electricity?
17. Give the structural formula of ethanol.
18. Explain the cleansing action of soap.
19. What is homologous series? Give an example.
20. Why is carbon considered a versatile element?
Chapter 5 : Life Processes
21. Describe the process of digestion in humans.
22. Explain the structure and function of stomata.
23. What is transpiration?
24. What are the products of aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
25. Explain how the human heart pumps blood.
Chapter 6: Control and Coordination
26. Differentiate between reflex action and voluntary action.
27. Name the hormone responsible for regulating blood sugar levels.
28. What is phototropism? Give an example.
29. Describe the function of the human brain.
30. What is synapse?
Chapter 7: How do Organisms Reproduce?
31. Define asexual reproduction with examples.
32. What is binary fission? Name an organism that reproduces this way.
33. How does reproduction help in evolution?
34. Describe the role of the placenta during pregnancy.
35. Differentiate between self-pollination and cross-pollination.
Chapter 8: Heredity (excluding Evolution)
36. What is Mendel’s law of segregation?
37. Explain how sex is determined in humans.
38. Define homologous and analogous organs with examples.
39. What is a Punnett square?
Chapter 9: Light - Reflection and Refraction
40. State the laws of reflection of light.
41. Draw a ray diagram for the formation of a real image by a concave mirror.
42. What is the refractive index? Write its unit.
43. Derive the mirror formula 1f=1v+1u\frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{v} + \frac{1}{u}.
44. Explain the working of a convex lens.
Chapter 10: The Human Eye and the Colourful World
45. What is myopia? How is it corrected?
46. Why is the sky blue?
47. Describe the process of dispersion of light through a prism.
48. Define the power of a lens.
49. Why do stars twinkle?
Chapter 11: Electricity
50. Define electric current and write its unit.
51. State Ohm’s law.
52. Derive the formula for the equivalent resistance of resistors in parallel.
53. Explain the heating effect of electric current.
54. Define the term electric power.
Chapter 12: Magnetic Effects of Electric Current
55. State Fleming’s left-hand rule.
56. Explain the construction and working of an electric motor.
57. What is electromagnetic induction?
58. Define magnetic field and mention its SI unit.
59. Describe the working of a generator.
Chapter 13: Our Environment
60. Explain the concept of trophic levels in a food chain.
61. Define biodegradable and non-biodegradable substances.
62. How does the concentration of harmful chemicals increase in a food chain?
63. What are the consequences of ozone layer depletion?
64. Why should we practice sustainable development?
General and Application-Based Questions
65. How does the pH of a solution change when a base is added?
66. Why do ionic compounds conduct electricity in a molten state?
67. Why does hard water not give lather with soap easily?
68. What is the importance of controlling weeds in a field?
69. Discuss the role of insulin in controlling blood sugar.
70. How do vaccines work in the human body?
71. Why does curd turn sour over time?
72. Explain why electric fuses are important in household circuits.
73. Describe how energy is transmitted through electromagnetic waves.
74. Why are alloys harder than pure metals?
75. What are the uses of convex mirrors?
76. Explain why the Sun appears reddish during sunrise and sunset.
77. What factors affect the resistance of a conductor?
78. What is the greenhouse effect?
79. How does the mode of reproduction affect genetic diversity?
80. How are biodegradable substances different from non-biodegradable ones?
81. Discuss the applications of concave mirrors.
82. Explain the importance of sustainable development.
83. Why do convex lenses converge light rays?
84. How does atmospheric refraction cause a mirage?
85. Explain why current decreases as resistance increases in a circuit.
86. What precautions should be taken while working with electric appliances?
87. Describe the dangers of overloading in an electric circuit.
88. Why does electric current produce a magnetic field?
