File System

Implementation

Presented by :Syed Iyanulla

Mohammed Kaif
The Basics of File System
1 What is a file system? 2 Why is file system
it is the method used to organize and store
implementation important?
data on a storage device, such as a hard File system implementation is crucial for
drive, solid-state drive (SSD), or flash drive. organizing data efficiently, optimizing
It provides a structured way to store, performance, ensuring security, and
retrieve, and manage files and directories. enabling scalability within an operating
system.
File System implementation structure
BOOT CONTROL BLOCK: Volume Control Block :
On disk, the file system may contain information contains volume (or partition) details, such
about how to boot as the
an operating system stored there, the total number of blocks in the partition, the size of
number of blocks, the number and location. the blocks, a free-block count

A directory structure: FCB(FILE CONTROL BLOCK):

(per file system) is used to organize the files. contains many details about the file. It has a
unique identifier number to
allow association with a directory entry
TYPICAL FILE CONTROL BLOCK:

It typically contains
metadata such as file name,
file size, file type, file location
on the storage device,
file permissions, and other
attributes related to the file.
The FCB allows the operating
system to track and control
access to the file, manage file
operations, and maintain file
integrity.
IN MEMORY FILE SYSTEM
STRUCTURES:
FILE OPEN

1. **File Existence and Permission Check**: The OS verifies if the file exists and the user has necessary permissions.

2. **FCB Creation**: A file control block (FCB) is created or retrieved, containing metadata about the file.

3. **File Descriptor Creation**: A file descriptor is generated to track the file's state within the process.

4. **Access Permission Verification**: The system confirms the user's permissions match the requested file mode (e.g., read-only, write-only).

5. **Optional File Locking**: File locking mechanisms may be applied to prevent concurrent access.

6. **File State Update**: The file's state is updated in the FCB to reflect it is open.

7. **Return Descriptor**: A reference to the file descriptor is returned for further file operations.

8. **Error Handling**: Mechanisms handle any encountered errors during the process..
IN MEMORY FILE SYSTEM
STRUCTURES:
FILE OPEN:
IN MEMORY FILE SYSTEM
STRUCTURES:
FILE READ:
In file system implementation, reading from a file involves several steps:

1. **File Existence Check**: The operating system verifies that the file exists and the user has the necessary permissions to read from it.

2. **File Descriptor Retrieval**: The system locates the file descriptor associated with the open file within the process.

3. **File Position Pointer Adjustment**: The current position pointer within the file descriptor is adjusted to the desired read position if necessary.

4. **Data Transfer**: The operating system reads the requested data from the file into a buffer in memory.

5. **Buffer Management**: The data read from the file is stored in a buffer in memory allocated by the operating system.

6. **Error Handling**: Error detection mechanisms check for any errors that may occur during the read operation, such as end-of-file reached or I/O errors.

7. **Data Transfer to Process**: Once the data is successfully read into the buffer, it can be transferred to the requesting process for further processing or use.

Throughout these steps, the operating system ensures data integrity, handles errors, and manages resources efficiently to facilitate smooth file reading operations.
IN MEMORY FILE SYSTEM
STRUCTURES:
FILE READ:
Partitions and Mounting
1 PARTITIONS 2 Mounting
In file system implementation, a partition
refers to a logically separated portion of a mounting refers to the process of
storage device, such as a hard disk drive associating a partition or storage device
(HDD) or solid-state drive (SSD). Partitions with a directory in the file system hierarchy.
are created to organize and manage the
storage space efficiently.
Partitions:
PARTITIONS

Sure, here's a concise version of the steps to implement partitioning in a file:

1. **Define Partitioning Criteria**: Decide how to divide the file based on certain attributes like key values or ranges.

2. **Open the File**: Open the file you want to partition.

3. **Read and Partition Records**: Read records from the file one by one, assigning each to a partition based on the defined criteria.

4. **Create Partitioned Files**: Create separate files for each partition.

5. **Write Records to Partitioned Files**: Write each record to its corresponding partitioned file.

6. **Close Files**: Close all files once partitioning is complete.

7. **Handle Errors**: Implement error handling for potential issues during file processing.
MOUNTING:
MOUNTING

Identify Source and Target: Determine the filesystem or device to mount and the directory to mount it on.

Check Compatibility: Ensure compatibility between the source and target.

Prepare Mount Point: Ensure the target directory is empty and available for mounting.

Execute Mount Command: Use the mount command with source and target parameters.

Specify Options (Optional): Include any necessary options like permissions or filesystem type.

Verify Mounting: Check if the source is correctly mounted at the target directory.

Handle Errors: Address any issues like invalid source or insufficient permissions.

Test and Validate: Ensure the mounted filesystem behaves as expected.

Virtual file Systems

Virtual File Systems (VFS) are software layers that abstract the details of physical storage devices and
present a unified interface to the operating system and applications.
 .

THANK YOU