1.
The statistical quality assurance approach :
tests derived from a statistical sample
2. In agile development, the test plan needs to be established before the first sprint meeting
and reviewed by stakeholders.
3.Negative test cases
-anti-requirements and behaves according to the customer’s expectations
4..A flow graph should be drawn only when the logical structure of a component is complex.
Each circle: node.
Arrows : edges or links
Areas bounded by edges and nodes: regions.
An independent path is any path through the program that introduces at least one new set of
new conditions.
5.Condition testing : exercises the logical conditions
Data flow testing: test paths of a program
6.Big bang vs Incremental integration
There is often a tendency to attempt non-incremental integration, that is, to construct the
program using a “big bang” approach.
In the big bang approach, all components are combined in advance and the entire program is
tested as a whole. Incremental integration is the antithesis of the big bang approach.
7.Top-down integration testing is an incremental approach to construction of the software
architecture.
(i)Depth-first integration integrates all components on a major control path of the program
structure.
(ii)Regression testing.
(iii)“well-factored” program structure, decision making occurs at upper levels in the hierarchy
and is therefore encountered first
8.Bottom-up integration testing, begins construction and testing with atomic modules.
Low-level components are combined into clusters (sometimes called builds) .
9. “show-stopper” errors that have the highest likelihood of throwing the software project
behind schedule.
10.Testing patterns : common testing problems and solutions .
11. Content testing three important objectives: (1) syntactic errors; (2) semantic errors (3) find
errors in the organization
12. Internationalization is the process of creating a software product and localization is the
process of adapting a software application.
13.Configuration review:is to ensure that all elements of the software configuration have been
properly developed.
14. Acceptance tests :conducted by the customer
15. Recovery testing :forces the software to fail in a variety of ways and verifies that recovery is
properly performed.
16.Scenario-based testing: when any actor interacts with the software.
17. MobileApp testing : both software testing and the challenges .
18. Static testing focuses on review
Dynamic testing exercises the source code with test cases
19. Security testing attempts to verify that protection mechanisms
20. Playability is the degree to which a game is fun to play
21. Documentation testing can be approached in two phases. The first phase, technical review,
examines the document for editorial clarity. The second phase, live test, uses the
documentation in conjunction with the actual program.
22. A weighted device platform matrix (WDPM) helps ensure that test coverage includes each
combination of mobile devices
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Module / Unit testing Verification of a single program module, in an isolated environment
Class testing for object-oriented (OO) software is the equivalent of unit testing
Integration Testing Verification of interfaces among system ports
Cluster testing one step in the integration testing of OO software. Here, a cluster of
collaborating classes
Function Testing Verification of external system functions
System testing Verification and validation of the system to its initial objectives
Acceptance testing Validation of the system to its user requirement
Installation Testing Validation of each particular installation of the system
Regression testing Ensuring that changes don’t introduce additional errors
Smoke testing can be used when product software is developed by an agile team
using short increment build times
Webapp Testing The content model for web app is reviewed
load testing examines real-world loading at a variety of load levels and in a
variety of combination
Overall throughput P = NTD
N, number of concurrent users
T, number of online transactions per unit of time
D, data load processed by the server per transaction
stress testing forces loading to be increased to the breaking point to determine how
much capacity the app environment
The alpha test conducted at the developer’s site by a representative group of end
users.
The beta test conducted at one or more end-user sites.
The MobileApp initially examining “units” of content, functionality
testing
Navigation testing based on use cases, derived as part of the modeling activity
Drivers “main program” that accepts test-case data
stubs dummy subprogram” uses the subordinate module’s interface
If drivers and stubs are kept simple, actual overhead is relatively low.
Testing “overhead.”
ITG The role of an independent test group (ITG) is to remove the inherent
problems associated with letting the builder test the thing that has
been built.
Scaffolding Because a component is not a stand-alone program, some type of
scaffolding is required to create a testing framework
amra kawke observe kore,decompose kore
simplify kore ,understand kore control korte pari
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White-box testing, sometimes called glass-box testing or structural
testing
Internal review
Black-box testing, also called
behavioral testing or functional
testing
white-box testing, which is performed early in the testing process,
black-box testing tends tobe applied during later stages of testing
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