FUNCTION ASSIGNMENT-4 1
COMPLEX NUMBER
1. [ISI UGA 2015] Consider 50 evenly placed points on a circle with centre at the origin and radius R
such that arc length between any two consecutive points is the same. The complex numbers
represented by these points form.
2 2
(a) an arithmetic progression with common difference cos + i sin
50 50
2 2
(b) an arithmetic progression with common difference R cos + iR sin
50 50
2 2
(c) a geometric progression with common ratio cos + i sin
50 50
2 2
(d) a geometric progression with common ratio R cos + iR sin
50 50
2. A cubic equation f(x) = 0 has a real root α, and two complex roots β + i, β − i . If A, B, C are the
three points represents the roots α, β + i, β – i respectively in the argand plane then maximum length
of altitude through A such that the roots of the derived equation f’(x) = 0 are either equal or
imaginary is K , then the value of K is
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
3. Let z1, z2,,z7 be the vertices of a regular heptagon that is inscribed in the unit circle with centre
at the origin in the complex plane. Let w =
1i j 7
z i z j , then w is equal to
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
4. If z1 , z 2 , z 3 , z 4 are the affixes of four points in the Argand plane and z is the affix of a point such that
| z − z1 | = | z − z 2 | = | z − z 3 | =| z − z 4 | , then z1 , z 2 , z 3 , z 4 are
(a) Concyclic (b) Vertices of a parallelogram
(c) Vertices of a rhombus (d) In a straight line
5. If | z − 2 | / | z − 3 |= 2 represents a circle, then its radius is equal to [Kurukshetra CEE 1998]
(a) 1 (b) 1/ 3 (c) 3 / 4 (d) 2 / 3
z−i
6. [2017] Let z be a complex number such that is purely imaginary. Then the minimum value of |z
z −1
–(2 + 2i)| is
FUNCTION 2
3 1
(a) 2 2 (b) 2 (c) (d)
2 2
7. [2017] Let S be the set of all points z in the complex plane such that
4
1
1 + = 1
z
Then, the points of S are
(a) vertices of a rectangle (b) vertices of a right-angled triangle
(c) vertices of an equilateral triangle (d) collinear
8. [2018] Let α, β, γ be complex numbers which are the vertices of an equilateral triangle. Then, we
must have:
(a) + + = 0 (b) 2 + 2 + 2 = 0
(c) 2 + 2 + 2 + + + = 0 (d) ( − ) + ( − ) + ( − ) = 0
2 2 2
9. [2019] For each natural number k, choose a complex number zk with |zk| = 1 and denote by ak the
area of the triangle formed by zk, izk, zk + izk. Then, which of the following is true for the series
below?
(a )
k
k
k =1
(a) It converges only if every zk lies in the same quadrant
(b) It always diverges
(c) It always converges
(d) None of the above.
10. [2020] Let z and w be complex numbers lying on the circles of radii 2 and 3 respectively, with centre
(0; 0). If the angle between the corresponding vectors is 60 degrees, then the value of |z + w|/|z – w|
is:
19 7 12 7
(a) (b) (c) (d)
7 19 7 12
11. [2021] Consider the following two subsets of C :
1 1
A = : z = 2 and B = : z − 1 = 2
z z
(a) A is a circle, but B is not a circle.
(b) B is a circle, but A is not a circle.
FUNCTION 3
(c) A and B are both circles.
(d) Neither A nor B is a circle.
12. [ISI UGB 2020] Let i be a root of the equation x2 + 1 = 0 and let w be a root of the equation
x2 + x + 1 = 0. Construct a polynomial
f(x) = a0 + a1x + …..+ anxn
where a0, a1, ,….an are all integers such that f (i + w) = 0:
2 1 1
13. If z1 , z2 , z3 are non-zero complex numbers representing the points A, B, C such that .
z1 z2 z3
Then
(a) A, B, C are collinear.
(b) Circle passes through points A, B, C has centre at origin O
(c) Circle passes through A, B, C passes through origin.
(d) None of these.
z
14. The value of sin loge cos + i sin is, where z satisfies the equation | z − 2i | = 1 and has least
2 2
modulus
1
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) -1 (d) .
2
15. The greatest positive argument of z satisfying Z − 4 = Re ( Z )
2
a. b. c. d.
3 3 2 4
FUNCTION 4
Answers Key
1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (a) 4. (a)
5. (d) 6. (b) 7. (d) 8. (d)
9. (c) 10. (a) 11. (c)
12. x4 + 2x3 + 5x2 + 4x + 1 = 0
13. (c) 14. (c) 15. (d)
Solutions
1. [ISI UGA 2015] Consider 50 evenly placed points on a circle with centre at the origin and radius R
such that arc length between any two consecutive points is the same. The complex numbers
represented by these points form.
2 2
(a) an arithmetic progression with common difference cos + i sin
50 50
2 2
(b) an arithmetic progression with common difference R cos + iR sin
50 50
2 2
(c) a geometric progression with common ratio cos + i sin
50 50
2 2
(d) a geometric progression with common ratio R cos + iR sin
50 50
Ans: C
2
Sol: Angle between consecutive points =
50
2 2
Points form geometric progression with common ratio cos + i sin
50 50
2. A cubic equation f(x) = 0 has a real root α, and two complex roots β + i, β − i . If A, B, C are the
three points represents the roots α, β + i, β – i respectively in the argand plane then maximum length
of altitude through A such that the roots of the derived equation f’(x) = 0 are either equal or
imaginary is K , then the value of K is
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
Ans: (c)
Sol: ( )
f ( x ) = k ( x − )( x − + i )( x − − i ) = k ( x − ) ( x − ) + 1 f ' ( k ) = k
2
FUNCTION 5
( 3 2
− 2 ( + 2 ) x + 2 + 2 + 1)
( )
= 4 ( + 2 ) − 4.3 ( 2 + 1 + 2 ) = 4 ( − ) − 3
2 2
For real and equal or complex 0 ( − ) − 3 0 − 3
2
3. Let z1, z2,,z7 be the vertices of a regular heptagon that is inscribed in the unit circle with centre
at the origin in the complex plane. Let w =
1i j 7
z i z j , then w is equal to
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
Ans: (A)
Sol:
Given expression can be written as
7
(z1 + z 2 + .... + z 7 ) 2 − z i2
2
i =1
=
1i j −7
zi z j
Sum of all seven root of unity = 0 (By property)
z12 + z 22 + z 32 + .... + z 72 = 0 (By property)
4. If z1 , z 2 , z 3 , z 4 are the affixes of four points in the Argand plane and z is the affix of a point such that
| z − z1 | = | z − z 2 | = | z − z 3 | =| z − z 4 | , then z1 , z 2 , z 3 , z 4 are
(a) Concyclic (b) Vertices of a parallelogram
(c) Vertices of a rhombus (d) In a straight line
Ans (a)
Sol: We have | z − z1 | = | z − z 2 | = | z − z 3 | = | z − z 4 |
Therefore the point having affix z is equidistant from the four points having affixes z1 , z 2 , z 3 , z 4 .
Thus z is the affix of either the centre of a circle or the point of intersection of diagonals of a
FUNCTION 6
square or rectangle. Therefore z1 , z 2 , z 3 , z 4 are either concyclic or vertices of a square. Hence
z1 , z 2 , z 3 , z 4 are concyclic.
5. If | z − 2 | / | z − 3 |= 2 represents a circle, then its radius is equal to [Kurukshetra CEE 1998]
(a) 1 (b) 1/ 3 (c) 3 / 4 (d) 2 / 3
Ans (d)
|z−2|
Sol: Given, =2
| z −3|
(x − 2) 2 + y 2 = 2 (x − 3) 2 + y 2
(x − 2) 2 + y 2 = 4[(x − 3) 2 + y 2 ]
x 2 + y 2 + 4 − 4x = 4x 2 + 4y 2 + 36 − 24x
3x 2 + 3y 2 − 20x + 32 = 0
20 32
or x 2 + y 2 − x+ =0 .....(i)
3 3
We know that, standard equation of circle,
x 2 + y 2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 .....(ii)
Comparison of (i) from(ii)
20 10 32
2g = − g = − , f = 0, c =
3 3 3
100 32 4 2
Hence, Radius = g 2 + f 2 − c = − = =
9 3 9 3
z−i
6. [2017] Let z be a complex number such that is purely imaginary. Then the minimum value of |z
z −1
–(2 + 2i)| is
3 1
(a) 2 2 (b) 2 (c) (d)
2 2
z −i
Sol: arg =
z −1 2
1. Represents circle with diameter end points (1, 0) and (0, 1)
2. |z–(2+2i)|min = dissolve b/w (1, 1) & (2,2) = 2
7. [2017] Let S be the set of all points z in the complex plane such that
FUNCTION 7
4
1
1 + = 1
z
Then, the points of S are
(a) vertices of a rectangle (b) vertices of a right-angled triangle
(c) vertices of an equilateral triangle (d) collinear
Ans: (d)
Sol: (z+1)4 = z4 ; (z 0)
|z+1| = |z|
z lies on the perpendicular bisector of (0, 0) and (-1, 0)
8. [2018] Let α, β, γ be complex numbers which are the vertices of an equilateral triangle. Then, we
must have:
(a) + + = 0 (b) 2 + 2 + 2 = 0
(c) 2 + 2 + 2 + + + = 0 (d) ( − ) + ( − ) + ( − ) = 0
2 2 2
Ans: (d)
Sol: Direct result
9. [2019] For each natural number k, choose a complex number zk with |zk| = 1 and denote by ak the
area of the triangle formed by zk, izk, zk + izk. Then, which of the following is true for the series
below?
(a )
k
k
k =1
(a) It converges only if every zk lies in the same quadrant
(b) It always diverges
(c) It always converges
(d) None of the above.
Ans: (c)
1 1
Sol: a k = 1 1 =
2 2
FUNCTION 8
k
1 1 1 1
= + + + .... = 1
k =1 2 2 4 8
10. [2020] Let z and w be complex numbers lying on the circles of radii 2 and 3 respectively, with centre
(0; 0). If the angle between the corresponding vectors is 60 degrees, then the value of |z + w|/|z – w|
is:
19 7 12 7
(a) (b) (c) (d)
7 19 7 12
Ans: (a)
Sol:
w | w | i /3 3
=
z |z|
e = 1+ i 3
4
( )
z+w z / w +1 7 + 3 3i 99 + 27 76 19
= = = = =
z−w z / w − 1 −1 + 3i 3 1 + 27 28 7
11. [2021] Consider the following two subsets of C :
1 1
A = : z = 2 and B = : z − 1 = 2
z z
(a) A is a circle, but B is not a circle.
(b) B is a circle, but A is not a circle.
(c) A and B are both circles.
(d) Neither A nor B is a circle.
Ans: (c)
1 1
A: Let = w; z =
z w
FUNCTION 9
1 1
z =2 = 2 w = → Circle
w 2
1 1
B: Let = w ;z =
z w
1
z −1 = 2 −1 = 2
w
|1 – w| = 2|w|
w −1
= 2 Apollonius Circles
w
12. [ISI UGB 2020] Let i be a root of the equation x2 + 1 = 0 and let w be a root of the equation
x2 + x + 1 = 0. Construct a polynomial
f(x) = a0 + a1x + …..+ anxn
where a0, a1, ,….an are all integers such that f (i + w) = 0:
1 i 3 2i − 1 + i 3
Sol: x =i+w =i+− + =
2 2 2
( ) (
2x + 1 = 2 + 3 i 4x 2 + 4x + 1 = 7 + 4 3 ( −1) )
4x2 + 4x + 8 = –43 x2 + x + 2 = – 3, Now squaring again;
x4 + x2 + 4 + 2x3 + 4x2 + 4x = 3
x4 + 2x3 + 5x2 + 4x + 1 = 0
2 1 1
13. If z1 , z2 , z3 are non-zero complex numbers representing the points A, B, C such that .
z1 z2 z3
Then
(a) A, B, C are collinear.
(b) Circle passes through points A, B, C has centre at origin O
(c) Circle passes through A, B, C passes through origin.
(d) None of these.
2 1 1 z2 z1 z2 z2
Sol. arg arg arg
z1 z2 z3 z3 z1 z3 z3
FUNCTION 10
z2 z1 z2 0
arg arg
z3 z1 z3 0
z2 z1 z2 0
arg arg
z3 z1 z3 0
Sum of angles at A and origin is . Hence points O, B, A, C are concyclic.
z
14. The value of sin loge cos + i sin is, where z satisfies the equation | z − 2i | = 1 and has least
2 2
modulus
1
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) -1 (d) .
2
Sol.
z
A = sin log cos + i sin
2 2 2
= sin logez / 2i 1
z
= sin i
2
Again |z – 2i| = 1 is a circle centered at (0, 2) with radius 1.
Therefore a point on circle of least modulus is z = i.
By equation
A = sin −
2
=-1
15. The greatest positive argument of z satisfying Z − 4 = Re ( Z )
FUNCTION 11
2
a. b. c. d.
3 3 2 4
Sol. x + iy − 4 = x
( X − 4) + y 2 + x2
2
y 2 − 8 x + 16 = 0
z lies on the parabola with vertex (2,0) focus (4,0) and tangents from (0,0) ie a point on the directrix
in x always include 900
greatest arg(z) is 450 =
4
