UPSC Prelims and Mains Polity Syllabus
UPSC Prelims - Polity Syllabus
1. Constitution of India: Preamble, Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State Policy,
Fundamental Duties, and Amendment Process
2. Political System: Nature of Indian Polity, Federalism, Separation of Powers, Parliamentary
System, and Constitutional Bodies (like Election Commission, CAG, etc.)
3. Public Policy and Governance: Important aspects of governance, transparency, accountability,
e-governance, and Role of Civil Services in a democracy
4. Rights and Issues: Issues related to Human Rights, Women's Rights, Child Rights, and Civil
Society Organizations
5. Judicial System: Structure, powers, and functions of Indian Judiciary, Judicial Review, Judicial
Activism, and PILs
UPSC Mains - Polity Syllabus (General Studies Paper II)
1. Indian Constitution: Historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments, significant
provisions, and basic structure
2. Functions and Responsibilities of the Union and the States: Issues and challenges pertaining to
the federal structure, devolution of powers and finances up to local levels, and challenges therein
3. Separation of Powers between various organs: Dispute redressal mechanisms and institutions
4. Comparison of the Indian Constitutional Scheme with that of Other Countries
5. Parliament and State Legislatures: Structure, functioning, conduct of business, powers &
privileges, and issues arising out of these
6. Executive and Judiciary: Structure, organization, and functioning of the Executive and Judiciary
7. Salient features of the Representation of People's Act
8. Appointment to various Constitutional Posts: Powers, functions, and responsibilities of various
Constitutional Bodies
9. Statutory, Regulatory, and Various Quasi-Judicial Bodies
10. Government Policies and Interventions for Development in Various Sectors: Issues arising out of
their design and implementation
11. Development Processes and the Development Industry: Role of NGOs, SHGs, various groups
and associations, donors, charities, institutional and other stakeholders
12. Welfare Schemes for Vulnerable Sections: Mechanisms, laws, institutions, and bodies
constituted for the protection and betterment of these vulnerable sections
13. Issues Relating to Development and Management of Social Sector/Services: Relating to health,
education, human resources, etc.
14. Effect of Policies and Politics of Developed and Developing Countries on India's Interests: Indian
diaspora
15. Important International Institutions, Agencies, and Fora: Their structure, mandate, and impact on
India