University of Saint Louis Tuguegarao – School of Health and Allied Sciences – BS Medical Technology

Ivana Marys T. Paguirigan Kyrus Deon Barroga, BSMT/MLS 1 – SET 2

VISION
OUTLINE
USL sustains a Catholic academic community that nurtures
persons for community, church and society anchored on
I. Introduction
CICM's Missio et Excellentia.
a. CICM Mission-Vission
b. USL Mission-Vission EDUCATIONAL PHILOSOPHY AND CORE VALUES
c. USL Core Values
II. Historical Backround of the Church a) Christian Living
III. Introduction to Sacred Scriptures We are witnesses to the Gospel values as taught
a. Bible and lived by Christ thus making God's love known
b. Biblical Inspiration and experienced by all.
c. Canon of the Bible b) Excellence
d. Interpretation of the Biblical Text We seek and maintain uncompromising standard
IV. God, the FATHER journey with His People of quality in teaching, learning, service, and
a. Abraham and the Patriarchs (Isaac, stewardship of school resources
c) Professional Responsibility
Jacob, Joseph, Moses
We are committed to efficiently and responsibly
apply the learned principles, values and skills in the
chosen field of discipline, taking initiative and

Introduction command responsibility in one's professional

advancement.
d) Social Awareness and Involvement
CICM: Vision and Mission We engage ourselves with society by listening to
Congregatio Immaculati Cordis Miriae (1862) the prevailing issues and concerns in the society,
thereby initiating and participating in constructive
At the initiative of the Father, and relevant social activities for the promotion of
Sent by the Son, justice, peace and integrity of creation and for
Guided by the Spirit, people's wellness and development consistent
with the CICM charism.
Inspired by Theophile Verbist our founder, e) Innovation, Creativity and Agility
Who heard the call of the Lord We keep ourselves relevant and responsive to the
And left his country changing needs of our stakeholders by being
To proclaim the Good News in China, flexible, solution oriented, and having cutting-
edge decisions and practices.
Enlightened by those who preceded us
And who – like our founderLeft their familiar surroundings
To follow Jesus Christ, the Incarnate Word
By integrating themselves into a foreign culture,
And by living in solidarity with another people,
History of Church
BRIEF HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE CHURCH
Enriched by those we serve,
Especially the poor who reveals to us the sin of the world
And who help us discover the true meaning
Of God’s plan of love,

We CICM missionaries
Of different races and cultures
Live and work together as brothers
In order to bring the Good News of Jesus Christ
Wherever it is most needed.

We achieve our mission

When we facilitate
The encounter between Jesus Christ and the ‘nations’.

Our mission includes

Enabling people
To experience the coming of the Kingdom • Sacrament - channel, representative, visible sign
-proclaimed by Jesus Christ of an invisible reality
USL'S VISION, MISSION, AND CORE VALUES • Paradise – there’s harmony, justice, peace, & joy.
MISSION • God created all things
• Adam and Eve first human beings
USL is a global learning community recognized for science • Trinity – God in Three Person (Father, Son, & Spirit)
and technology across all disciplines, strong research, and o God – Father; the planner
responsive community engagement grounded on the o Jesus – Son; executed the mission
CICM mission and identity for a distinctive student o Church – Holy Spirit; guidance
experience. ▪ “C”hurch – people
▪ “c”hurch - building
 • “to spread the good news is our mission” 3. Jesuits or called Society of Jesus -
• Abraham founded in 1540 by Ignatius of Loyola,
o Abraham + Hagar = Ishmael (Muslims) formerly a Spanish soldier who became
o Abraham + Sarah = Isaac (Christians) priest.
▪ Isaac is the promise child 4. CICM and other missionary groups -
• Prophets – Jonah, who rebels against God and founded by a diocesan priest
flees from God's command. But God redirects the Theophile Verbist in 1862 in Scheut,
fleeing prophet, who ends up preaching a Anderlecht, Brussels, Belgium.
message that brings the wicked city of Nineveh to
repent. CICM (Congregation of the Immaculate Heart of Mary)
• Sin of Commission - doing something • Congregatio Immaculati Cordis Miriae
• Sin of Omission - not doing something • Founded in the year 1862
• Motto: Cor Unum Et Anima Una
Paul meets Jesus at noon time - an encounter with the o One Heart, One Sould
resurrected Christ • Core Values of CICM Schools:
Missio Et Excellentia
“Doubting Thomas” - Resurrection of Jesus and for o Mission and Excellence
demanding physical proof of the wounds of Christ's • Fr. Theophile Verbist
Crucifixion. o Founder of CICM
o Died in 1868 (typhoid fever)
o China was his first mission place in
• Church started as a religious renewal
the yeat 1865; because of
“movement”/group in Jerusalem, Israel by no
abandoned childrens
other than Jesus Christ.
• Bishop Constant Jurgens (1907 in Ph)
• Jesus grounded the Church on the foundation of
• CICM Philippines School Network
the Apostles and it spread from Jerusalem to the
o SLU Baguio (1911)
Roman Empire world until throughout all the earth.
o SMU Nueva Vizcaya (1928)
• “The Way” - first “name” of the Church
o SLC La Union (1964)
• Christians - members of the Church in Antioch
o USL Tuguegarao (1965)
• The Church was persecuted by the Roman Empire
o SLC Cebu (1971)
(which was still pagan) until the Conversion of the
o Maryhill (1972)
Emperor Constantine in 313 AD which paved the
way for Christians to infiltrate Rome until
Sapientia Aedificat – “Wisdom Builds”
Christianity was declared as the official religion of
the Roman Empire in 380 AD by Emperor

Introduction to
Theodosius.
• Peter - the first apostle who went to Rome and
started the Church way back in 45 AD.
• Later, reflecting on the mission of Jesus which He

Sacred Scriptures
passed on to the Church, the Church’s official
“name” or title evolved into: One (John 17:21),
Holy (Ephesians 1:4, 5:27, I Peter 2:9), Catholic
(Matthew 28: 18-20, Acts 1:8, Gen 12: 3, John 3: 16-
17) and Apostolic (Ephesians 2:20) Formation of the Bible
• From the Church developed the Hierarchy for the • Bible did not come out as a book/compiled from
sake of division of work and maintaining the unity the beginning.
of the Church • The process was God’s revelation to people, oral
o Pope - overall head tradition by which the people preached and
o Bishops passed it to the next generations, and the writing
o Priests stage.
▪ Diocesan, Monks and • The whole Bible was written over a period of more
Missionaries than 1000 years. From about 1000 BC (OT) to
o Deacons about 100 AD (NT).
different kinds of priests Crucial Events that led to the Formation of
DIOCESAN the Bible
• priests serving their local places THE CALL OF ABRAHAM (GEN 12:1-3)
MONKS • marked the very beginning of God’s historical
• started in the 3rd century AD in Egypt and in Syria intervention in the lives of humans to bring them
with a life of simplicity or asceticism. back to His fold, since they have been going
• Monks who are composed of sisters (not priests) astray.
only came out later. • This was the actual start of God’s mission of
o Example of few monks in Cagayan who bringing Salvation (total well-being, true meaning
are sisters are those at the St. Claire of life) to humanity.
monastery in Iguig • God made a covenant with Abraham (Gen. 17:7-
MISSIONARIES 8) which will be followed up by the Israelites, the
• group/community of priests who really want to go descendants of Abraham being formed into one
to serve remote places not yet evangelize. nation who will live the covenant and statutes of
1. Dominicans - founded by St. Dominic in God.
Prouille, France in 1216. (Dominic was a THE EXODUS AND THE COVENANT AT MT. SINAI
Spanish priest). • This event speaks about God’s direct intervention
2. Augustinians - started in 1244 in Italy in liberating the Israelites from their slavery in Egypt
(group or no specific founder). through Moses and the giving of the Decalogue
or 10 Commandments at Mt. Sinai.
 • The 10 Commandments made God’s intention o final compilation - 1545 by Council of
clearer, to free or to save people from going Trent or meeting of the Church in Trent.
astray using the Israelites, His chosen people as • 73 compiled books of the Bible since 360 AD
starting point. o 46 books of the Old Testament which
THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE KINGDOM includes the 7 Deutero-canonical and
• With the Kingship of David, the kingdom of Israel o 27 books of the New Testament.
was finally established. • The Church carefully discerned the canon/books
• This was the most prosperous and peaceful time of the sacred scriptures.
for the Israelites. • It was Tertulian (200 AD) who introduced the “Old
• David - model king for the Israelites. This was made Testament” for the Jewish/Israelites Scriptures and
possible because of his faithfulness to God. “New Testament” for the Christian Scriptures.
• Despite the exemplary kingship of David, the • From the very beginning there were no protestant
succeeding kings failed to emulate or even just to churches yet since they started emerging in the
sustain, it led to the unfaithfulness of the Israelites. 16th century and they will later follow the Canon
• This unfaithfulness came in the form of idolatry or of the Israelites who did not accept the Seven
believing and worshipping other gods, and even Deuterocanonical books as inspired by the Holy
oppressing their poor co-Israelites. Spirit.)
• God will again intervene by sending the prophets • Judaism
to remind them their covenant with God which o Religion of Israelites (70 A.D.)
they should be faithful to. o did not acknowledge Jesus as the
• The prophets will only write their messages usually Messiah and stick to their Old
at their old age if not, by their “disciples.” Despite Testament beliefs and practices
the coming out of the prophets the situation even o They only finalized the
became worst which will lead to their exile. compilation/canon of their sacred
THE BABYLONIAN EXILE (587 BC) scriptures (which were Old Testament
• With the unfaithfulness of the Israelites, God books) around 930-1009 AD.
allowed them to be conquered by other countries o They called their canon of Sacred
until their exile in Babylon by King Scriptures TaNaK
Nebuchadnezzar. ▪ Torah (Law/Pentateuch)
• The Babylonians burned Jerusalem and the ▪ Nevi’im (Prophetic books)
temple and exiled all the rich and proud Israelites ▪ Ketuvi’m (wisdom books)
in Babylon and made them their slaves. ▪ The TaNaK is composed of
• This experience in Babylonian exile made the 24 books. In their counting it
Israelites realize their unfaithfulness and their being is 24 but if you count their
unjust to the poor and decided to remorse and books individually it is 39.
return back to God. They only have 39 books
• This was the time that they wrote some of their since they did not include
concept about God such as the Creation Story the 7 Deutero-canonical
and others which was usually passed orally. books.
• So, they started to worship God in small groups in ▪ This counting of the books of
small places which will be called Synagogue by the Old Testament will be
praying and studying the Torah the basis of the Protestants
(commandments). (who only emerged in the
• King Cyrus of Persia defeated Babylon and freed 16th century) when they
the Israelites and later allowed them to go back had their version of the Bible.
to Israel in 538 BC with the guidance of the
prophets Ezra and Nehemiah. BIBLE
• Later when there will be no more prophets, Israel • “biblia” (l) – (g) - book
tried to look for other guidance for a meaningful • “biblion” (g) – derived from Byblos (collection
life and so this was the time they have written their of written materials was made of papyrus)
wisdom books. which means book or roll
THE JESUS EVENT
• Jesus - perfect embodiment of God’s mission. Names Used for the Bible
• The same process with that of the Old Testament,
Holy Scriptures
that there was Jesus who personally worked for
• Latin “scriptus” meaning “written”
the kingdom, later the apostles will continue Jesus’
• Greek “graphe”
mission by preaching (oral tradition) and at their
• Hebrew “mikra”
old age will be the writing.
• the word refers to religious writings that are
• The evangelists (Matthew, Mark, Luke and John)
considered authoritative, foundational, and/or
wrote their gospels at the second half of the 1st
sacred by some religious groups.
century A.D (50-100 AD) which was the stage of
Holy Writ
the early Church.
• “Writ” - something that is written
• Aside from the Gospels, the other books of the
• Holy Writ because it contains salvation history that
New Testament such as the Pauline letters and
started with the call of Abraham and climaxed
other Epistles were written at this era and even
with Jesus’ Paschal Mystery.
later.
The Word of God
• The Catholic started to compile all the books
• Greek “logos” which means “a word as
which they believe to be inspired by the Holy Spirit
embodying a concept or discourse.”
from the time of Prophets until after the Jesus’
• It is also used of the “revelation of God’s word.”
event which they will call BIBLE.
The Oracles of God
o first compilation - 360 AD
• This name is used in Rom. 3:2 and Acts 7:38 where
o second compilation - 382 AD
it is translated as oracles.
o third compilation - 1441 AD
 • For Christians, the whole Bible can be called “The • Inspiration is simultaneous with the composition
Oracles of God because it contains God’s divine since the Holy Spirit inspired the human authors.
utterance for humanity. • Canon of the Bible simply means the Church just
The Law (Torah) collected and compiled into one the books which
• The Jews call their Scriptures as Torah or Law, passed the criteria as being inspired by the Holy
because the whole of the Old Testament is Spirit.
authoritative as God’s Word of instructions to • Church recognizes this book as the Word of God
humanity on how to live well as human beings for our Salvation. As sacred and inspired, it
The Law And The Prophets becomes Canonical.
• Looks at the Old Testament from the perspective TWO GROUPS OF CANONICAL BOOKS
of divisions - the law, the prophets and the writings. A. Protocanonical
• “Proto” is a Greek word which means first.
BIBLICAL INSPIRATION • belong to the first collection of books (Canon)
• The human authors were chosen by God, • Church had no difficulty in accepting their
inspired by the Holy Spirit/directed by divine inspired character. They easily passed the criteria
presence to write the truth about our as being inspired by the Holy Spirit.
Salvation or in short called Salvific Truth. • These are the 39 books of the Old Testament and
• The Holy Spirit acted in and through the the 27 books of the New Testament.
author’s own natural powers and abilities, B. Deuterocanonical
God did not dictate what to write, but the • “Deutero” is also a Greek word, meaning second.
Holy Spirit made sure that in their choice of • belong to the second canon.
words and forms of expression they were • These were carefully discerned and even disputed
conveying the message of God. before being accepted by the Church as inspired.
• Therefore, the Holy Spirit is the principal o Judith
author of Sacred Scriptures (CCC 304), but o Tobit
the message God wanted is embedded in o Baruch
human language that corresponds to the o Wisdom
intention of the author. o Sirach
o 1 Maccabees
INERRANCY OF THE BIBLE o 2 Maccabees
• Bible is not a scientific book, not even a pure
historical one APOCRYPHAL BOOKS (“apokriptus” (g) means hidden)
• there might be errors in it such as; spelling, • books which came out after the death of the
grammar, structure and worldview Apostles which are not inspired
• Its salvific message which is the truth about • Thus, in order for the readers not to be misled
our salvation it has no error. with the teachings of the uninspired books,
o Why? Because it is inspired by the the Church invalidates its credibility as a
Holy Spirit. norm of faith and morals

LANGUAGES OF THE SACRED SCRIPTURES The canon of Scriptures is divided into the books written
Except for the Deutero-canonical books whose original before Jesus’ life (Old Testament) and those written after
manuscripts did not survive (New Testament). Guided by the Holy Spirit, the Church
• Old Testament written in Hebrew which is one determined the inspired and normative New Testament
of the ancient languages of the Israelites. Books in terms of their apostolic origin, coherence with the
• New Testament all written in Greek. essential Gospel Message, and constant use in the Church’s
Liturgy. Church finally accepted as inspired, sacred and
BIBLICAL CANON canonical, the 46 books of the Old Testament and the 27
books of the New Testament in our Catholic Bible.
• Etymologically
o Latin ‘Canon’ which is a translation of diD u knOwxz? that stories na mababasa sa Old Testament
Greek word, derived from Hebrew, ay nag re-revolve with the cycle of sin-curse-
meaning bar or rod used for measuring. blessing/restoration jejejeje xd : ))
As a tool for measuring, like a ruler or T-
square it is used as a basis to draw a
straight line. Abraham and the Patriarchs
• Symbolically
o Canon applied as norm or standard in
glimpse of the stories before the calling of the
proclaiming an official teaching of the first Patriarch --- Abraham
Church. Adopted with Christian ADAM AND EVE
importance the word was used in the • First human beings
Canon of Saints, Canon of the Mass, • When they committed sin of PRIDE and
and Canon of the Bible. DISOBEDIENCE, they became conscious and were
• Biblical Canon - collection or a list of books which ashamed that they are naked.
the Church receives as divinely inspired and which • Curse or Punishment given by God
she considers as norm of faith and morals. o Women – pain in child bearing
• Church takes into account the list of books to be o Men – till the soil before reaping fruits
treated as the official roster which we should o Death as the consequence of the sin
uphold as divinely inspired. they have committed
• Church has the authority to approve and reject a • Lucifer (Satan) – he was commander of angels
book to be included in the Scriptures. o ¾ fallen angel
• Inspiration - work of the Holy Spirit CAIN AND ABEL
• Canonicity - work of the Church. • Cain – farmer, greedy, and selfish
• Abel – shepherd
 • Cain offered fruits while Abel offered lamb • “Father of a Multitude of Nations”
• Cain out of jealousy murdered his brother Abel o Biologically, Abraham was the father of
o Act of Killing & Jealousy (Sin) the Hebrew nation only or the Israelites
• the Lord cursed him to be a fugitive and o The people descended from Abraham
wanderer, yet the blessing came when He would be the trustee, the chosen
promised that Cain will never be killed. people, called to prepare for that day
NOAH’S ARK when God will gather all his children
• The wickedness of mankind made God plan to into unity. They would be the root onto
wipe out all people on earth. which the gentiles would be grafted,
• Great Flood - symbol for cleansing, the great flood once they come to believe.
was the punishment. o Abraham is not our biological father,
• God is the one who closed the door when the all but he is our father of faith.
the animals entered the ark 2. ISAAC
• However, Noah was presented as the blessing
• Promise Child
when he builds the ark to save them from the
• Son of Abraham
flood. After the flood subsided, there was only one
• Husband of Rebekah
nation under the descendants of Noah.
• He was almost offered up as a sacrifice
• Rainbow – covenant between God and human
• Father of Esau and Jacob (Twins)
• Noah builds the ark for 40 years
o Fighting for their birth right
• Nephilim (Giants)
o Esau – hunter
o Half Immortal + Half Mortal
o Jacob – houseperson
o they have demonic DNA
o Jacob means “cheater”
TOWER OF BABEL
▪ He change his name to
• desire to a desire to have fame so that their names
Israel which means “to
will spread throughout all the earth and the next
dwell” “let God prevail”
generation instead of that of God (Genesis 11:4).
o Esau exchanged his birth right for a
o Their desire to be the ones to be
lentil soup (cheapest soup Middle East)
glorified instead of God
• It was also a sin of disobedience since they did not 3. JACOB
spread throughout all the earth as God • Husband of Rachel
commanded their forefathers. o Sister of Leah (first wife of Jacob)
• Punishment: division of different languages o Daughter of Laban
▪ Laban said in order to have
Original Sin - continuity of sin Rachel he must work for 7
• Why original? Because it is not local (kimmy) years but Laban exchange
• Original sin does not mean that we inherited Leah
the sins committed by our forefathers but ▪ Then, Jacob stil wants
what we inherited is the weak human nature Rachel so Laban said he
which has the tendency to commit sin need again to work another
7 years to have Rachel
• Judah – Jacob + Leah
1. ABRAHAM • Joseph and Benjamin – Jacob + Rachel
• First Patriarch • 12 Sons of Jacob / 12 Tribes of Isarel
• He was 75 y/o when he departed from Haran o Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar,
• Abram took Sarai his wife, and Lot his brother’s Zebulun, Dan, Gad, Asher, Naphtali,
son, and all their possessions which they had Joseph, and Benjamin
gathered, and the persons that they had gotten
in Haran. 4. JOSEPH
o They set forth to go to the land of • 11th son of Jacob
Canaan for his mission. (in modern time • Favorite of Jacob
Palestine, Syria, Israel) • has the ability to interpret dreams
• When they had come to the land of Canaan, • His brothers were so envious that they tried to kill
Abram passed through the land to the place at him but later decided to sell him
Shechem, to the oak of Moreh. At that time the • They sold him to the Ishmaelites, but the Midianites
Canaanites were in the land. traders pulled and took Joseph to Egypt and sold
• Three Promise of God to Abraham him to Potiphar who was a courtier and chief
1. the land, which is Canaan steward of the Pharaoh.
2. the son, since he had no heir with Sarah • “Pharaoh” - king of Egypt
3. God’s plan to save or journey with His • Joseph’s refusal to have an affair with the wife of
people starting with Abram and his Potiphar who reversed the story sent Joseph to the
descendants who will be the Israelites prison cell.
• Circumcision - a sign of cleanliness and holiness, • Despite the hardships in Egypt his name became
which means that one must walk blameless with great because of his interpretation of the
God. Pharaoh’s dream and eventually promote him to
• Changing of Names become the governor or the acting Pharaoh of
o Abram & Sarai into Abraham & Sarah. Egypt.
o Change of names in the Bible greatly o Pharaoh’s dream was about a great
implies the change that the person famine who would come after years of
must undergo, and the name greatly good harvest.
signifies one’s mission that he will carry ▪ 7 years of abundance
out. ▪ 7 years of famine
o Abraham’s mission was to become the o The famine for which the Egyptian
“father of a multitude of nations” greatly prepared for with the
leadership of Joseph did not only affect
 Egypt but even Canaan where • Moses was so upset with the condition of his co-
Jacob’s family was. With such great Israelites who being slaves were also maltreated
crisis in food, Jacob asked his sons to go by most Egyptians.
to Egypt to buy food which will lead to • He did something bad in the eyes of the Egyptians
their discovery of Joseph who will and the Pharaoh. (pinagtanggol niya mga
eventually let them settle in Egypt. Israelites)
• He had to run away for his life and fled to a place
God is a Holy God. called Midian (Wilderness) - mga hayop lang
• This God deserves the highest respect from nakatira kaya nagging shepherd siya; from prince
anyone. of Egypt na-demote siya so nawalan siya ng gana
• Even the ground or place where God called o 40 years he stayed in the wilderness
Moses is considered holy. • He met Jethro and later married Zipporah, one of
• The holiness of God radiates to these the daughters of Jethro.
instruments or medium. The Calling of Moses
• The presence of God or His grace will convert • Horeb - the mountain of God
the person to become holy. • a flame of fire out of the midst of a bush; and he
• “God does not call the qualified, but He looked, and lo, the bush was burning
qualifies the ones whom He will call for a • “put off your shoes from your feet, for the place on
mission” which you are standing is holy ground.”
God is a Compassionate God • God called Moses at the time when Moses has
• He saw the sufferings of His people in Egypt chosen the paths of a father and a shepherd of
and heard their cry. sheep.
• God’s intention to deliver the Israelites from • This calling of Moses marks the beginning of God’s
Egyptian bondage is not only motivated by direct intervention in the history of the Israelites.
His holiness, but also by His compassion for • God asked Moses to return to Egypt to deliver the
them in the midst of their affliction. Israelites out from their slavery.
Covenant that God made As the story goes, God produced miracles of ten plagues in
• “my people” referring to the Israelites in Egypt due to the stubbornness of the Pharaoh. The plagues
reminds us of the covenant that God made came one after another which caused harm and even
with their forefather Abraham death. Pharaoh was not easily convinced until the tenth
• He told him that he will become a father of plague. Even before the ten plagues, Moses and his brother
multitude and He will be their God. Aaron, performed a miracle in front of the Pharaoh but he
• Here we can see the very reason why God was not impressed since his magicians could produce the
called Moses; that this God is a very FAITHFUL same trick. With that, the plagues had to start.
God. He is faithful to His covenant with 1. Blood - there was blood everywhere in Egypt
Abraham, which He sustained with Isaac, 2. Frog - frogs came out and covered the land
with Jacob, until the formation of the 3. Gnats - covered the people and the animals
Israelites, His chosen people. 4. Flies - Lord sent great swarms of flies into the king’s
palace and the houses of his officials. The whole
Moses, asked the name of this God, land of Egypt was brought to ruin by the flies.
• “I AM” / YHWH 5. Death of the Animals - d all the animals of the
• “YHWH” or “I AM” is not really a name. Egyptians died, but not of the animals of the
• God has no name since giving a name to Israelites died
God would put limitations on Him. 6. Hail - heavy hailstorm, such as Egypt has never
1. God/YHWH is existing; it is not just known in all its history
an imagination or a wish. 7. Boils - open sores on the people and the animals
2. “I AM” means I am here, and I will 8. Locusts - largest swarm of locusts and settled over
be with you or will accompany the whole country
you. This assurance of God’s 9. Darkness - total darkness throughout Egypt for
presence to those whom He will three days
send for the mission. 10. Death of the New First Born - At midnight the Lord
killed all the first-born sons in Egypt and all the first-
born of their animals
5. MOSES
He was saved when he’s just an infant After the 10th plague, the Pharaoh conceded and allowed
• The new pharaoh who did not know anything the Israelites to go. Finally, the Israelites had their exodus from
about Joseph and the great things he did for Egypt. The exodus of the Israelites will be culminated by their
Egypt would have a negative suspicion with the crossing of the red/reed sea since the Pharaoh changed his
growing number of the Israelites in Egypt. mind and pursued them with his soldiers who were all drawn
• He would suspect that these Israelites might take when they also tried to cross the red sea.
over and rule Egypt in the future. With this suspect
in mind, he would make a drastic move to stop the Rameses
growth of the Israelites in number by killing all the • “Ra” means son
male infants/babies of the Israelites and making • “Ses” means sun.
the male Israelites slaves. • Therefore, for them the Pharaoh is the son of
• he was rescued by the princess, who was the the god of the sun. For the Pharaoh, it was so
daughter of the Pharaoh who ordered the killing difficult to accept that there is another God.
of the male babies of the Israelites
Moses grew in the palace of the Pharaoh as a prince. THE PASSOVER AND THE EXODUS
• Rameses II – Real son of the Princess of Egypt • Passover and Exodus are two events which are
• Despite growing in the palace, Moses knew very closely related with each other.
well that he was an Israelite.
 • The Passover meal always reminds the Israelites on • “You shall not take the name of the Lord, your God
the day that God freed them from their slavery in in vain.” - Exodus 20:7
Egypt. • teaches us that we love God by always using His
• Exodus means departure; that after the Pharaoh name with great reverence/respect.
conceded, the Israelites started their • We shouldn’t to use God’s name in an improper
departure/exodus from Egypt going to the land way.
that God promised to their forefathers. T • Blasphemy - Speech, thought or ac琀椀on that
• he Israelites celebrates the feast of the Passover shows disrespect to God, the Church, or persons
every year. It is their “Independence Day” with the dedicated to God.
help of the God YHWH. • Perjury - Lying under oath. If we take an oath to
• Later, when they will settle in the promised land, tell the truth and even using God as a witness
they will celebrate this in the temple in Jerusalem “(promise to God”) but we do not fulfill it.
with the rituals of slaughtering a paschal 3rd Commandment
(Passover) lambs in the temple; and the
• “Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy.” -
consumption of its meat in a domestic meal.
Exodus 20:8–10
• This feast is called “Pesah” in their language which
• the time for God and the respect for the human
is Hebrew
person.
• observing Sunday as a day set aside for God, as a
day of rest, day of prayer, Mass on Sunday and
holy days of obligation
• As spiritual beings, we need time to feed and
replenish our minds, hearts and spirits.

First Three Commandments Call Us to Right Relation with

God. We received the gifts of God’s self-revelation to
humanity. We also learn what constitutes a proper
response to this self-revelation and thereby a proper
relationship with God.

4th Commandment

Ten Commandments
• “Honor your father and your mother, that your
days may be long in the land which the Lord your
God gives you.” – Exodus 20:12
• It shows us the order of charity. God has willed
1st Commandment that, after Him, we should honor our parents to
• “I am the Lord your God: you shall not have other whom we owe life and who have handed on to
gods beside me.” - Exodus 20: 2 us the knowledge of God.
• Obeying the First Commandment means adoring • We are obliged to honor and respect all those
and worshipping God alone. whom God, for our good, has vested with His
• We cannot place anything in our lives before Him, authority.
not our material wealth, ambition, or even our • The fourth commandment is addressed
relationships with others. Because God is the specifically to children in their relationship with
source of everything we have and love; to place their father and mother, because this relationship
anything before Him also distorts our relationship is the most foundational.
with Him and also with other people
• Violation against the First Commandment
5th Commandment
o Idolatry – worshipping someone else or • “Thou shall not kill.” - Exodus 20:13
• reveals to us the sacredness of all human life.
something other than God.
• The human person is made in the image and
o Divination and Magic – putting our faith
likeness of God and, therefore, has an inalienable
and in trust in spiritual powers that do
dignity and worth
not belong to God. This includes putting
• Murder is always gravely sinful, regardless of the
faith in fortune-tellers or others who
claim to have special magic powers. form it takes. In a similar way, indirectly bringing
about a person’s death, when done intentionally,
o Tempting God – putting God’s
goodness and power to the test. is also a clear violation of the commandment.
• Homicide - crime of killing another person
o Sacrilege – the act of treating holy
• Murder - the same with homicide but with
objects/places with disrespect.
o Simony – buying or selling the things intentions (pre-planned).
• Infanticide - killing a child within a year of birth.
that God offers.
• Fratricide - killing of one’s brother or sister.
o Atheism – refusing to believe in God.
o Agnosticism – not sure about God or • Suicide - act of taking one’s own life may it be
voluntarily or intentionally.
indifferent to God.
• Parricide - the killing of a parent or close relative.
o Syncretism – joining two opposing
beliefs into one belief. • Self-Defense – the preservation of one’s own life;
o Heresy – is a belief or action at odds and the killing of the aggressor… The one is
intended, the other is not.” (ST, II-II, 64.7)
with what is accepted, especially when
• Euthanasia - killing an individual for reasons
the behavior is contrary to religious
considered to be merciful. Euthanasia is sinful for
doctrine or belief. For example, a
the same reason that abortion is sinful: it violates
Catholic who says God does not exist.
the rights of an individual.
2nd Commandment
 • Abortion - to end a pregnancy. It uses medicine or • Detraction - which is telling the faults of another to
surgery to remove the embryo or fetus and those who have no reason to know the
placenta from the uterus. information
6th Commandment • Calumny - which is lying about another, and
causing others to form false negative opinions of
• “Thou shall not commit adultery.” - Exodus 20:14
the individual.
• Adultery is when a person gives to another the
love that belongs to a husband and wife. This is 9th Commandment
forbidden by the 6th Commandment. • “You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife. You
• Our bodies are temples of the Holy Spirit and we shall not set your desire on your neighbor’s house
should therefore respect them and cover them or land, his male or female servant, his ox or
modestly. donkey, or anything that belongs to your
• Adultery - a voluntary sexual activity (as sexual neighbor.” – Deuteronomy 5:21
intercourse) committed by a wife to a married • we are commanded to be pure in thought and
man and should be charged together. desire. Mere thoughts about impure things are not
• Concubinage – a voluntary sexual activity (as always sinful in themselves, but such thoughts are
sexual intercourse) committed by a husband to an dangerous.
unmarried woman and should be charged • forbids all thoughts and desires contrary to chastity
together • forbids all willful thoughts. We know that no
• Fornication – voluntary sexual intercourse thought can be a sin unless it is willful.
between two unmarried persons or two persons o willful thought - one we want, one we
not married to each other. take deliberate pleasure in and do not
• Bigamy – the act of going through a marriage try to put out of our minds.
ceremony while already married to another 10th Commandment
person
• “You shall not covet your neighbor’s goods, his
• Polygamy – state of marriage to many spouses
land, and his slaves, his animals or anything else
• Polygyny – having more than one wife is not God's
that he owns.” - Deuteronomy 5:22
will. Jesus said that a man has only one wife.
• forbids coveting the goods of another, as the root
• Polyandry – having more than one husband is not
of theft, robbery, and fraud
God’s will. Jesus said that a woman has only one
• forbids greed and the desire to amass earthly
husband.
goods without limit. It forbids avarice arising from
• Sex partners – is against God’s will as well. It
a passion for riches and their attendant power.
demeans the sex act which reflects God’s love
• It also forbids the desire to commit injustice by
and the fact that we are temples of the Holy Spirit.
harming our neighbor and his temporal goods.
• Homosexuality - two men having sex is immoral in
• AVARICE – extreme greed for wealth or material
God's eyes
gain.
7th Commandment
• “Thou shalt not steal.” - Exodus 20:15
• reveals to us that God wants us to act justly and https://www.ewtn.com/catholicism/library/ten-commandments-10336
with charity in our relationships with one another.
• The seventh commandment forbids unjustly taking
or keeping the goods of one's neighbor and
wronging him/her in any way with respect to
his/her goods.
• It commands justice and charity in the care of
earthly goods and the fruits of men's labor.
• THEFT - the act or crime of stealing
• ROBBERY - theft accompanied by personal
violence.
• CHEATING - consists in injuring one’s neighbor in his
possessions by crafty means.
• USURY - the illegal action or practice of lending
money at unreasonably high rates of interest.
8th Commandment
• “You shall not bear false witness against your
neighbor.” – Exodus 20:16
• forbids misrepresenting the truth in our relations
with others. This moral prescription flows from the
vocation of the holy people to bear witness to
their God who is the truth and wills the truth.
• Offenses against the truth express by word or
deed is a refusal to commit oneself to moral
uprightness; they are fundamental infidelities to
God and, in this sense, they undermine the
foundations of the covenant.
• Lie - assertion that is believed to be false, typically
used with purpose of deceiving someone.
• Perjury - lying under oath. If we take an oath to tell
the truth but then we lie.
• Rash judgment - which assumes, without proof –
someone has done wrong