9 Compensators & Controllers

Classroom Questions : A B C D
(C) 3 2 4 1
Q.1 In the derivative error compensation
(D) 4 1 2 3
[UPSC ESE 1992]
Q.3 The maximum phase shift that can be
(A) Damping decreases and settling time
provided by a lead compensator with
decreases
1 + 6s
(B) Damping increases and settling time transfer function, Gc ( s ) =
1 + 2s
increases
[UPSC ESE 1993]
(C) Damping decreases and settling time
(A) 150 (B) 30 0
increases
(D) Damping increases and settling time (C) 450 (D) 60 0
decreases Q.4 The transfer function of a compensating
Q.2 Match List-I with List-II and select the 1 + αTs
network is of the from . If this is a
correct answer using the codes given (1 + Ts )
below the lists : [UPSC ESE 1993] phase-lag network, then the value of α
List-I (Transfer function) should be [UPSC ESE 1993]
K1s + K 2 (A) Exactly equal to 0
(A)
K3 (B) Between 0 and 1
K1s 2 + K 2 s + K 3 (C) Exactly equal to 1
(B)
K4s (D) Greater than 1
K s + K2 Q.5 Match List-I with List-II and select the
(C) 1 correct answer using the codes given
K3 s
below the lists. [UPSC ESE 1994]
K1
(D) List-I
K2
A. Derivative control
List-II (Controller) B. Integral control
1. P-Controller
C. Rate feedback control
2. PI-Controller
D. Proportional control
3. PD-Controller
List-II
4. PID-Controller
1. Improved overshoot response
Codes :
2. Less steady-state error
A B C D
3. Less stable
(A) 3 4 2 1
4. More damping
(B) 4 3 2 1

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Control Systems [SSC-JE & All State AE/JE] 48 GATE ACADEMY®
Codes : A B C D
A B C D (C) 1 2 3 4
(A) 1 2 3 4 (D) 5 2 4 1
(B) 2 3 1 4 Q.9 A lag compensator is basically a
(C) 4 3 1 2 [UPSC ESE 1996]
(A) High pass filter
(D) 1 2 4 3
(B) Band pass filter
Q.6 For the given phase-lead network. The
(C) Low pass filter
maximum possible phase lead is,
(D) Band elimination filter
[UPSC ESE 1995] Q.10 Consider the following statements :
1F
[UPSC ESE 1996]
1. The derivative control improves the
1Ω
overshoot of a given system.
2. The derivative control reduces steady-
Vi 1/ 2Ω V0 state error.
3. Integral control reduces steady-state
error.
1 4. Integral control does not affect
(A) sin −1   (B) 30 0
3 stability of the system.
(C) 450 (D) 60 0 5. Integral control improves the
Q.7 When phase-lag compensation is used in a overshoot of the system.
system gain crossover frequency, Of these statements
bandwidth and undamped frequency are (A) 1 and 3 are correct
respectively? [UPSC ESE 1995] (B) 1, 2 and 5 are correct
(C) 2, 4 and 5 are correct
(A) Increased, increased, increased
(D) 1, 3 and 5 are correct
(B) Increased, increased, decreased
Q.11 Which one of the following is a phase-lead
(C) Increased, decreased, decreased compensation network?
(D) Decreased, decreased, decreased [UPSC ESE 1997, GSECL VS JE EE]
Q.8 Match List-I with List-II and select correct (A)
codes. [UPSC ESE 1995]
List-I
A. Lag compensation
B. Lead compensation Vi V0

C. Stability
D. Instability (B)
List-II
1. Exterior of unit circle
2. PD control Vi V0
3. Non-minimum phase
4. Left half of s-plane
(C)
5. PI control
Codes :
A B C D
Vi V0
(A) 2 5 1 3
(B) 3 1 2 5

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GATE ACADEMY® 49 Compensators & Controllers
(D) Q.16 The industrial controller having the best
steady-state accuracy is
[UPSC ESE 1999]
Vi V0 (A) A derivative controller
(B) An integral controller
Q.12 The phase-lead network function (C) A rate feedback controller
1 (D) A proportional controller
s+
Gc ( s ) = T , where a < 1 would Q.17 For the given network, the maximum
1 phase lead φm of V0 with respect to Vi is
s+
aT
R1
provide maximum phase-lead at a
frequency of [UPSC ESE 1998]
1 1 Vi R2 V0
(A) (B) C1
T aT
1 1
(C) (D) [UPSC ESE 2000]
T a a T
Q.13 If the transfers function of a phase lead  R 
(A) sin −1  1 
s+a  2 R2 
compensator is and that of a lag
s+b
 R1 
s+ p (B) sin −1  
compensator is then which one of  R1 + 2 R2 
s+q
the following sets of conditions must be  R1 
(C) sin −1  
satisfied? [UPSC ESE 1999]  R1 + 3R2 
(A) a > b and p > q
 R1 
(B) a > b and p < q (D) sin −1  
 2 R2C1 
(C) a < b and p < q
(D) a < b and p > q Q.18 Consider the following statements :
5(1 + 0.3s ) A Proportional plus derivative controller
Q.14 The compensator Gc ( s ) =
1 + 0.1s 1. has high sensitivity
would provide a maximum phase shift of 2. increase the stability of the system
[UPSC ESE 1999] 3. improves the steady-state accuracy
0 0
(A) 20 (B) 30 Which of these statements are correct?
0 0
(C) 45 (D) 60 [UPSC ESE 2000]
Q.15 The transfer function G ( s ) of a PID (A) 1, 2 and 3 (B) 1 and 2
controller is [UPSC ESE 1999] (C) 2 and 3 (D) 1 and 3
 1  Q.19 Open loop transfer function of a system
(A) K  1 + + Td s 
 Ti s  having one zero with a positive real value
is called
(B) K (1 + Ts s + Td s )
[UPSC ESE 2001]
 1 1 
(C) K  1 + +  (A) Zero phase function
 Ti s Td s  (B) Negative phase function
 1  (C) Positive phase function
(D) K  1 + Ti s + 
 Td s  (D) Non-minimum phase function
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Control Systems [SSC-JE & All State AE/JE] 50 GATE ACADEMY®
Q.20 The transfer function of a phase lead  a +1 
(A) tan −1  
network is,  a −1 
[UPSC ESE 2001]
 a −1 
1 + sT (B) tan −1  
(A) ;β > 1  a +1 
1 + sβ T
 a −1 
α (1 + sT ) (C) cos −1  
(B) ;a <1  a +1 
1 + sαT
β (1 + sT )  a −1 
(C) ;β < 1 (D) sin −1  
1 + sβT + T  a +1 
(1 + sT ) Q.24 Consider the following statements
(D) ;α > 1
α (1 + αsT ) regarding a phase-lead compensator :
[UPSC ESE 2002]
Q.21 Which one of the following compensations
is adopted for improving transient 1. It increases the bandwidth of the
response of a negative unity feedback system
system? 2. It helps in reducing the steady state
[UPSC ESE 2001] error due to ramp input.
(A) Phase lead compensation 3. It reduces the overshoot due to step
(B) Phase lag compensation input
(C) Gain compensation Which of the above statements is/are
(D) Both phase lag compensation and gain correct?
compensation. (A) 1 and 2 (B) 1 and 3
Q.22 Match List-I with List-II and select the (C) 2 and 3 (D) 1 alone
correct answer : Q.25 Match List-I (Compensation) with List-II
List-I List-II (Characteristic) and select the correct
(A) e − as 1. All-pass filter answer using the codes given below
1− s [UPSC ESE 2005]
(B) 2. Transport delay
1+ s List-I List-II
1 + as (Compensation) (Characteristics)
(C) ,a < b 3. Lag network
1 + bs (A) lag 1. Increases
K bandwidth
(D) 4. Servomotor
s (1 + as ) (B) lead 2. Attenuation
[UPSC ESE 2001] (C) lag-lead 3. Increases
Codes : Damping factor
A B C D (D) rate 4. Second order
(A) 4 3 1 2 Codes :
(B) 2 1 3 4 A B C D
(C) 2 3 1 4
(A) 3 1 4 2
(D) 4 1 3 2
(B) 2 4 1 3
Q.23 The transfer function of
phase-lead
(C) 3 4 1 2
1 + aTs
compensator is given by G ( s ) = , (D) 2 1 4 3
1 + Ts
where T > 0, a > 1. What is the maximum Q.26 With regard to the filtering property, the
lead compensator and the lag compensator
phase shift provided by this compensator?
are, respectively
[UPSC ESE 2001]
[UPSC ESE 2005]
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GATE ACADEMY® 51 Compensators & Controllers
(A) Low pass and high pass filters 1. It is equivalent to adding a zero at
(B) High pass and low pass filters origin.
(C) Both high pass filters 2. It reduces overshoot
(D) Both low pass filters 3. It improves order of the system by 1.
Q.27 What is the effect of phase-lag 4. It improves steady-state error of the
compensation on the performance of a system.
servo system Which of the statements given above are
[UPSC ESE 2005] correct? [UPSC ESE 2007]
(A) For a given relative stability, the (A) 1, 2, 3 and 4
velocity constant is increased. (B) 1, 2 and 3 only
(B) For a given relative stability, the (C) 2, 3 and 4 only
velocity constant is decreased. (D) 1 and 4 only
(C) The bandwidth of the system is Q.32 A controller transfer function is given by
increased. 2s + 1
Gc ( s ) = . What is its nature and
(D) The time response is made faster. 0.2 s + 1
Q.28 Which one of the following is an parameter? [UPSC ESE 2007]
advantage of a PD controller in terms of (A) Lag controller, α = 10
damping (ξ) and natural frequency (ωn )? (B) Lag controller, α = 2
[UPSC ESE 2005] (C) Lead controller, β = 0.1
(A) ξ remains fixed but ωn increases (D) Lead controller, β = 0.2
(B) ξ remains fixed but ωn decreases Q.33 How can the band width of a control
system be increased?
(C) ωn remains fixed but ξ increases
[UPSC ESE 2009]
(D) ωn remains fixed but ξ decreases
(A) By the use of phase lead network
Q.29 Which one of the following is a (B) By the use of phase lag network
disadvantage of proportional controller?
(C) By the use of both phase-lag and
[UPSC ESE 2006] phase-lead network
(A) It destabilizes the system (D) By the use of cascaded amplifiers in
(B) It produce offset the system.
(C) It makes response faster Q.34 The transfer function of a controller is
(D) It has very simple implementation given as K p + K d s where K p and K d are
Q.30 A process is controlled by PID controller. constant what type of controller is this?
The sensor has high measurement noise. [UPSC ESE 2009]
How can this effect be reduced? (A) proportional
[UPSC ESE 2007] (B) proportional plus integral
(A) By use of bandwidth limited (C) proportional plus derivative
derivative term
(D) integral plus derivative
(B) By use of proportional and derivative
Q.35 The transfer function of a controller is
terms in the forward path.
K
(C) By use of high proportional band given as K p + K d s + i where K p , K d
s
(D) By use of low integral gain and K i are constant. What type of
Q.31 Consider the following statements for a PI controller is this? [UPSC ESE 2009]
compensator for a control system :
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Control Systems [SSC-JE & All State AE/JE] 52 GATE ACADEMY®
(A)
proportional Q.40 The transfer function of a controller is
(B)
proportional plus derivative 1 + 3s
GC ( s ) = . The maximum phase
(C)
proportional plus integral 1+ s
(D)
proportional plus integral plus control provided by this controller is
derivative [UPSC ESE 2015]
Q.36 By adding zero to the system transfer (A) 30 0 lead (B) 30 0 lag
function, the improvement to transient
(C) 450 lead (D) 450 lag
response is called as :
Q.41 In order to improve the system response
[UPSC ESE 2013]
transient behavior, the type of controller
(A) Phase lead compensation
used is
(B) Phase lag compensation
[UPSC ESE 2015]
(C) Phase lag and phase lead
(A) Phase lead controller
compensation
(D) Phase lead and phase lag (B) Phase lag controller
compensation (C) PI controller
Q.37 The network having transfer function, (D) P controller
s Q.42 The polar plot for a transfer functions with
1+
4 pure transportations lag is _________
G(s) = will provide maximum
s (A) A circle with the center at (–1, 0) and
1+
25 radius =1 in the anti-clockwise
phase lead at a frequency of.
directions
[UPSC ESE 2013]
(B) A semicircle with center at (–1, 0) and
(A) 4 rad/sec (B) 25 rad/sec
radius = 1 in the clockwise direction.
(C) 10 rad/sec (D) 100 rad/sec
(C) A semicircle with origin as the center
Q.38 Two compensators have transfer functions
and radius = 1 in the anti clock wise
5( s + 10) ( s + 50)
G1 ( s ) = and G2 ( s ) = directions
( s + 50) 5( s + 10)
(D) A circle with origin as the center and
respectively. radius =1 in the clockwise direction
[UPSC ESE 2014]
[GSECL VS JE EE]
(A) Both are lag
Q.43 Which of the electrical circuits represents
(B) Both are lead
the lag compensator network ?
(C) G1 is lead and G2 is lag
(A)
(D) G1 is lag and G2 is lead
R1
Q.39 Which one of the following is the transfer
function of the PI-controller? e1 ( t) R2 e0 (t )
[UPSC ESE 2014]
C
( k s + k2 )
(A) G ( s) = 1
k3 (B)
(k1s + k2 s + k3 ) C1
(B) G ( s) =
k4 s
(k1s + k2 )
(C) G ( s) = R1
k3s R2
e1 ( t ) e0 (t )
ks
(D) G ( s ) = 1 C2
k2 s

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GATE ACADEMY® 53 Compensators & Controllers
(C) (B) Both decrease
(C) Rise time increases and band width
R1 C1
decreases
R2
e1 ( t) e0 (t ) (D) Rise time decreases and band width
increases
C2
[STATE ESE EE]
(D) Q.48 Which of the following compensators is
C used to increase the speed of the response
(A) Lead compensator
(B) Lag compensator
R1
(C) Lead lag compensator
e1 ( t ) e0 (t )
(D) None of the above
[STATE ESE EE]
[GSECL VS JE EE] Q.49 The plot given below is of
Q.44 What does the below figure represent? G ( jω)

R
40 dB
Vin C Vout
20 dB
(A) Frist order high pass filter log ω
(B) First order low pass filter
(C) Second order high pass filter − 40 dB
(D) Second order low pass filter
[CSEB 2018] (A) lead compensator
Q.45 Derivative error compensation is (B) lag compensator
employed in feedback control system to (C) PID controller
(A) Increase the effective damping in the (D) lead-lag compensator
system [STATE ESE EE]
(B) Decrease the effective damping in the
system
(C) Improve the stable state response of
system
(D) None of the above
[UPPSC AE 2019]
Q.46 The maximum phase shift that can be
provided by a lead compensator with
1 + 6s
transfer function G ( s ) =
1 + 2s
(A) 15° (D) 45°
(C) 30° (D) 60°
[STATE ESE EE]
Q.47 The effect of phase lead compensator on
rise time and band width
(A) Both increase
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Control Systems [SSC-JE & All State AE/JE] 54 GATE ACADEMY®

Answer Keys

Classroom Questions
1. D 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. D
6. B 7. D 8. D 9. C 10. A
11. A 12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A
16. B 17. B 18. B 19. D 20. B
21. A 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. D
26. B 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. C
31. C 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. D
36. A 37. C 38. C 39. C 40. A
41. A 42. D 43. A 44. B 45. A
46. C 47. D 48. A 49. D



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