Fire Alarm and Detection System Installation Methodology
The installation of a Fire Alarm and Detection System (FADS) is a systematic process that
ensures the system operates effectively and complies with applicable standards and codes (e.g.,
NFPA 72, BS 5839). Below is a step-by-step methodology:
1. Preparation and Planning
1. Review of Drawings and Specifications:
o Study the approved design drawings, layout plans, and project specifications.
o Identify device locations, cable routing paths, and required power sources.
2. Site Survey:
o Conduct a site survey to verify conditions and ensure the design aligns with the
actual site layout.
o Identify any obstructions or adjustments required for installation.
3. Material and Tool Preparation:
o Ensure all fire alarm devices, control panels, cables, and other materials meet
project specifications.
o Prepare necessary tools and equipment, such as drills, screwdrivers, multimeters,
and cable testers.
2. Installation Process
1. Marking and Positioning:
o Mark device locations on walls and ceilings as per the approved design.
o Ensure placement adheres to fire safety standards for optimal coverage (e.g.,
smoke detectors at least 12 inches away from walls).
2. Cable Installation:
o Install conduits, trunking, or cable trays along designated routes.
o Pull fire-rated cables through the conduits and secure them properly.
o Label cables at both ends for easy identification.
3. Device Installation:
o Detectors: Install smoke, heat, or multi-sensor detectors at marked locations.
o Manual Call Points (MCPs): Mount call points at accessible locations, typically
1.4m from the floor.
o Sounders and Flashers: Position audible and visual alarms in areas for
maximum coverage and visibility.
o Control Panel: Mount the fire alarm control panel (FACP) in a secure, accessible
location. Ensure it is properly grounded.
4. Power Supply Installation:
o Connect the system to a reliable power source and backup battery system.
o Verify proper sizing and connection of the power supply to meet load
requirements.
3. Testing and Commissioning
1. Preliminary Checks:
o Inspect all devices, wiring, and connections for proper installation.
o Ensure all devices are correctly addressed and labeled.
2. Continuity and Insulation Testing:
o Test cable continuity and insulation resistance to ensure no faults.
3. System Testing:
o Conduct functional tests for each device:
▪ Activate smoke detectors and heat detectors.
▪ Test MCPs to trigger alarms.
▪ Verify sounders and flashers operate as intended.
o Check communication between devices and the control panel.
4. Cause and Effect Testing:
o Verify that programmed sequences (e.g., alarm zones, elevator recall, HVAC
shutdown) function correctly.
5. Integration Testing:
o Test the integration of the fire alarm system with other systems, such as
sprinklers, public address, and access control.
4. Documentation and Handover
1. As-Built Drawings:
o Update drawings to reflect the final installed configuration.
2. Test Reports:
o Provide detailed reports of all test results, including device functionality,
continuity, and insulation resistance.
3. Training:
o Train the client or end-users on system operation, including the control panel,
troubleshooting, and maintenance.
4. Handover:
o Obtain final approval from relevant authorities and hand over the system with all
documentation, including manuals, test reports, and certificates.
5. Maintenance and Support
• Provide recommendations for regular system maintenance and inspections to ensure
continued reliability and compliance.
This methodology ensures the fire alarm system is installed and commissioned effectively,
meeting safety standards and operational requirements.
