ZERO ENERGY BUILDING

A Mini Project Presentation submitted in Partial fulfillment of the requirement for Degree of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY in CIVIL ENGINEERING
by
T Pujitha 22E35A0111
T Nikhil 22E35A0110
P Siddhartha 22E31A0105
Under the guidance of
Ms. G ARUNA
Asst .Professor

Mahaveer Institute of Science and Technology, Vyasapuri, Bandlaguda, Post: Kesghavgiri, Hyderabad.
Approved by AICTE, Affiliated to JNTU, Hyderabad
Zero Energy Building: A Sustainable
Future
A Zero Energy Building(ZEB) is a structure that produces as much energy as it consumes over a
year. ZEBs combine energy-efficient design, renewable energy systems, and smart technologies to
minimize energy waste.
Abstract
Buildings have an important influence on energy use and the environment. Commercial and residential buildings
use almost 37% of the primary energy and approximately 63% of the electricity in India. The Zero Energy
Building achieve by being extremely energy efficient 50%-70% produces more energy than typical building. In
the high performance building, the amount of energy used can be completely offset by renewable energy
produced on or around the building. When conditions are will not suitable for energy generation, the building
will draw energy from the electric grid to meet it needs. When conditions improve, the on site renewable energy
systems will cover the buildings energy needs and send excess energy back to grid to make the balance, Over the
course of year, the buildings gives back as much energy as it takes.
Contents
• Introduction
• Aim
• Objective & Scope of study
• Assumptions
• Challenges & Limitations
• Applications
• Literature Review
• Methodology
• Alternate Building Materials for Zero Energy Buildings
• Future scope
• Conclusion
Introduction
• A zero-energy building, also known as a zero net energy building, net-
zero energy building (NZEB), net zero building or zero-carbon building
is a building with zero net energy consumption, meaning the total
amount of energy used by the building on an annual basis is roughly
equal to the amount of renewable energy created on the site, or in
other definitions by renewable energy sources elsewhere.
• These buildings are consequently contribute less overall greenhouse
gas to the atmosphere than similar Non-Zero Energy buildings.
Objectives and Scope of the thesis
• Objectives • Scope
• Do research to discover the most • Making an energy efficient buildings.
efficient possible route to attain net • Adaption of insulation for energy
zero energy. saving in design.
• To provide the details, clear definition • People independence of conventional
and fast uptake of Zero Energy energy like fuel, coal etc.
Building.
• To identify possible technical solution • It reduce the impact of energy crisis.
of energy demand and energy • Change in the design concept.
produced on site.
• To study the minimize household
energy usage and maximize the use of
renewable energy.
 ASSUMPTIONS
Some assumptions about zero energy buildings (ZEBs) include :
• Energy Efficiency
• Onsite renewable energy
• Net zero energy consumptions
• Independence from the national grid
CHALLENGES & LIMITATIONS
• Very few designers or builders have the necessary skills or experience to build
Zero Net Energy Buildings.
• Its initial cost is higher.
• More efforts is required to understand, apply and qualify for ZEB.
• Possible declines in future utility company renewable energy costs may lessen the
value of capital invested in energy efficiency.
APPLICATIONS
• Reduced total net monthly cost of living.
• Increased comfort due to more-uniform interior temperatures.
• Reduced total cost of ownership due to improved energy efficiency.
• Higher resale value as potential owners demand more ZEBs than
available supply.
• Extra cost is minimized for new construction compared to an
afterthought retrofit.
LITERATURE REVIEW
• Gandhi Habash (2014), here they studied the design of nearly zero energy
buildings facilitated by a smart microgrid by using one of the emerging milestone
in buildings construction. This paper will address the role of above technologies
and solution and discussion the challenges being faced.
• A.J.Marszal (2011), in this paper they focused on the review of the most of the
existing ZED definition and various approaches towards possible ZED
methodologies. This study indicated that the metric, the period ,the types of
energy included in the balance together with the renewable energy infrastructure.
• Thomas Boermans, Andreas Hermelink (2011), they focused on the principle
challenges and their implications for setting, sustainable and practical net ZEBs and
their proposes principles to be considered when a setting up practical definitions.
• AnjuMS (2017), in this paper they focused on study of comparison between a
conventional building and ZEB using life cycle cost analysis they found the cost of
the material, maintenance and energy consumed for a life span of 20 years is less
using zero energy building technique.
 Examples of Successful Zero Energy Building

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METHODOLOGY

Design methods of Zero Energy Building

IMPLEMENTATION
STRATEGIES

Passive strategies Active strategies

Energy saving Backup system for

Passive Renewable energy
techniques (EST) RE
Sustainable design (RE)
Design and construction
Passive solar building design:
• Walls, floors and windows distribute heat during winter and reject
the solar heat during summer.
Building energy simulation:
• Predicts the performance of ZNE building depending on the energy
usage before it is built.
Energy saving features:
• Includes heating and cooling loads, insulation and ventilation
depending on climate zones
Passive Design Methods of ZEB:
• Start with Smart Design.
• Use Energy Modelling.
• Use Highly Insulated Windows & Doors.
• Use the Sun for Solar Tempering.
• Heat Water Wisely.
• Install Energy Efficient Lighting.
• Select an Energy Efficient Heating & Cooling System.
Passive sustainable design:
• Natural day light system: Natural lighting, also known as day lighting,
is a technique that efficiently brings natural light into your home using
exterior glazing (windows, skylights, etc.), thereby reducing artificial
lighting requirements and saving energy. Natural lighting has been
proven to increase health and comfort levels for building occupants.
• Building Geometry: A long narrow floor plan gets benefit over a
square form in relation to day lighting and natural ventilation; although
the square form is regarded as the most compact of all forms.
Therefore, certain trade-off occurs between a compact form that
minimizes conductive heat transfer through the envelope and a form
that facilitates day lighting, solar gain, and natural ventilation.
Active design methods of ZEB:
• Solar Thermal Energy: Solar thermal energy is a form of energy and a
technology for harnessing solar energy to generate thermal energy for
use in industry, and in the residential and commercial sectors.
• Geothermal Energy: Geothermal energy is thermal energy generated
and stored in the Earth. The geothermal energy of the Earth's crust
originates from the original formation of the planet and from
radioactive decay of materials (in currently uncertain but possibly
roughly equal proportions).The geothermal gradient, which is the
difference in temperature between the core of planet and its surface,
drives a continuous conduction of thermal energy in the form of heat
from the core to the surface.
Alternate Building Materials for Zero Energy
Buildings
• The choices of materials in the home will have a significant impact on
reaching a number of the project goals - low embodied energy, health,
comfort, and reduced pollutant emissions both within the home and
the wider environment.
• For example, if a product needs to be replaced every 10 years this
may be more energy-intensive than using a product with higher
embodied energy that will last 100+ years
 Green Roof

Glue Laminated Timber Hollow Blocks with Concrete Green Roof

Solar Integrated Roof Panels HVAC System in Zero Energy Buildings Green Plaster
Rain Water Harvesting
• Rain water harvesting is a technique of
collection and
storage of rainwater into natural reservoirs or
tanks, or the infiltration of surface water into
subsurface aquifers (before it is lost as surface
runoff).
• One method of rainwater harvesting is
rooftop harvesting. With rooftop harvesting,
most any surface tiles, metal sheets, plastics,
but not grass or palm leaf can be used to
intercept the flow of rain water and provide a
household with high quality drinking water and
year-round storage.
Photovoltaics
• Photovoltaics system is the conversion of
light into electricity using semi- conducting
the photovoltaic materials that exhibit
effect, a phenomenon that studied in the
physics, electrochemistry. photochemistry,
• A photovoltaic system and employs solar
comprising a number of solar panels, each
cells, which generate electrical power. PV
installations may be ground mounted, roof
top mounted or wall mounted. The mount
may be fixed, or use a solar tracker to follow
the sun across the sky.
Future Scope
• Based on the results of the current study may be most beneficial for
future research that might promote sustainable energy efficient
improved building design guidelines and recommendations for
engineers and architects about alternates for construction materials
using industrial sludges , where the safety and building life has to be
extensively evaluated.

• Further developmental studies should address air quality of re-modelled

building, and the noise reduction of the sustaining area and a more
detailed environmental audit.
 CONCLUSION
• A building cannot only depend on renewable energy generation to become a zero net
energy building. It needs to reduce its energy consumption so that the energy generated
can actually meet the demands of the building.
• The two main factors affecting consumption of a building are the passive and active
design factors.
• Passive design factors are concerned mostly about the building's design, size, shape and
location so as to maximize daylight use while minimizing heat gain.
• Active design factors on the other had are more concerned with the electrical and
mechanical systems.
• Zero Energy Buildings are usually used to demonstrate low carbon technologies.Solar
and wind energy are the major contributor for Zero Energy Buildings owing to their
widespread availability.
• Using Renewable energy approaches project from true whole perspective and provide a
comprehensive strategy for the building envelope, heating, cooling, hot water,
appliances, ventilation, energy production and more.