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Advanced Level
Measurements
UNIT - 01 PHYSICS
ieliqu ( iñ; r;akdhl

Revision Paper - 01 ld,h ( ñks;a;= 45

01. my; oelafjk m%ldY i,ld n,kak'

A. úoHq;a wdfrdamKh uQ,sl fN!;sl rdYshls'
B. Pa hkq úfYaI kula iys; SI tallhls'
C. >k fldaKh tall rys; fN!;sl rdYshls'
by; tajdhska i;H jkafka"
1' A muKs' 2' B muKs' 3' C muKs'
4' A yd B muKs' 5' B yd C muKs'

02. SI jHq;amkak tallhla jkafka my; ljrlao @

1' kg 2' N 3' Nm 4' ms–1 5' Pa

03. j¾.M,h A jQ d >klula we;s ia:rhl fomi WIaK;aj fjki  jk úg t;=,ska ;dmh ikakhkh


ùfï iS>;
% dj P kï" P = k A fõ' k i|yd iqÿiq tallh jkafka"
d

1' W m K 2' W m K–1 3' W m–1 K 4' J s m–1 K–1 5' kg m s–3 K–1

dv
04. F = A iólrKfha" F n,ho" A lafIa;M
% ,ho" dv hkq dx mr;rfhka msyá
s øjia:r folla w;r
dx

m%fõ. fjkio fõ' ÿiai%dú;d ix.=Klh jk ys tall jkqfha"

1' N s–2 m–2 2' N s–1 m–2 3' N s–1 m–1 4' N s m–3 5' N s m–2

05. osf.ys yd n,fhys tall 4 .=Khla olajd jeä lrk ,oafoa kï Yla;sfhys tall"
1' 4 .=Khla jeäfõ 2' 8 .=Khla jeäfõ 3' 8 .=Khla wvqfõ
4' 16 .=Khla jeäfõ 5' 16 .=Khla wvqfõ

06. jia;=jl wjiaÓ;s >q¾Kh 12.0 kg m2 fõ' fuu w.h g cm2 tallfhka m%ldYl< úg tys úYd,;ajh jkqfha"
1' 1.2 × 104 2' 1.2 × 105 3' 1.2 × 106 4' 1.2 × 107 5' 1.2 × 108

07. my; i|yka l=ula Wm.=Kdldrhla iys; Wmi¾.hla fkdfõo @

1' d 2' c 3' k 4' m 5' p

08. my; ±lafjk tajdfha ixLHd;aul w.h iudk jkafka ljrlo @

A. 10 F B. 0.01 ms C. 104 nC D. 10–11 MW

1' A yd B ys 2' A yd C ys 3' B yd C ys 4' A, B yd C ys

5' A, B, C yd D hk ish,af,au
Samitha Ratnayake -1- Innovative Physics
 (102)3 × 105
09. u.ska ,nd fok w.h bÈßm;a lsÍu i|yd iqÿiq Wmi¾.h jkqfha"
(102)4

1' G 2' M 3' m 4'  5' n

10. my; ±lafjk m%ldY i,ld n,kak'

A. iólrKhl fomi udk iudk jQ úg tu iólrKh ksjerÈ úh yelsh'
B. fomi udk wiudk jk iólrK mjd ksjerÈ ùfï bvlvla ;sfí'
C. udk iudk rdYs wksjd¾hfhka tl;= l, yelsh'

by; tajdhska i;H jkqfha"

1' A muKs' 2' B muKs' 3' A yd B muKs'
4' ish,a,u i;H fõ' 5' ish,a,u wi;H fõ'

11. P , Q , R yd S keue;s tlsfklg fjkia fN!;sl rdYs y;rla tlsfkl iïnkaO ù we;af;a my;
iólrKfha oelafjk mßosh'
Q2 + R
P = S
my; rdYska i,ld n,kak'
Q PS R
A. B. C. PS
R Q
by; tajdhska udk fkdue;af;a"
1' A g muKs' 2' B g muKs' 3' C g muKs'
4' A yd C muKs' 5' B yd C muKs'

12. udOHhl ;, ;rx.hla .uka .kakd úg x ÿßka msysá wxY=jl ld,h t jk fudfydf;a úia:dmkh jk y my;
iólrKh u.ska fokq ,nhs'

y = a Sin (bt - cx)

b
a,b yd c hkq ksh;hka kï wkqmd;hg my; ljrl udk ysñfõo @
c

1' úia:dmkh 2' m%fõ.h 3' ;ajrKh 4' ixLHd;h 5' udk fkdue;'

13. lUhla Èf.a .uka .kakd ixLHd;h f yd úia:drh y jq ihskdldr ;rx. i|yd uOHkH Yla;s iïfm%aIK
iS>%;dj jk p m%ldY lsÍug  , c , f yd y h rdYs fhdod.; yelsh' fuys  hkq lUfha tall È.l
ialkaOh jk w;r c hkq ;rx. m%fõ.hhs' my; i|yka ljr m%ldYhla i;H f,i ms<. s ; yelso@
1' p = 2 2  c2 f y2 2' p = 2 2 2 c2 f y2
3' p = 2 2  c f2 y2 4' p = 2 2 2 c f y2
2 2 2 2
5' p = 2   c f y

14. lsih
s ï fN!;sl rdYshl udk wdfõ.fha udkj,ska fnod mßudfõ udk j,ska .=Kl, úg fõ.fha udk ,efí'
fuu fN!;sl rdYsh úh yelafla"
1' ;ajrKh 2' n,h 3' mSvkh 4' ld¾h 5' CIu;dj

15. >k;ajh  jk øjHhlska ieos yrialv j¾.M,h A jQ ;ka;=jla T wd;;shlg weo we;s úg tu ;ka;=j osf.a
.uka .kakd ;S¾hla ;rx.j, fõ.h iudkqmd;sl jkqfha"
2
1'
A
T
2'
A
T 3'
T
A
4'
T
A  5'
T
A 
Samitha Ratnayake -2- Innovative Physics
16. m%fõ.h V ;ajrKh A yd n,h F uq,sl rdYS f,i ie,l=jfyd;a fldaKsl .uH;dj tajd wkqidrfhka
±lafjkafka my; i|yka ljrlskoa @
1' F A–1 V 2' F A–2 V 3' F V3 A–2 4' F2 V–1A–2 5' F V2A–3

17. P mSvkh;a C wdf,dalfha m%fõ.h;a Q tall j¾.M,h;a yryd ;;amrhl§ .,d .sh Yla;sh;a ksrEmKh lrk
úg Px QY CZ hk rdYshg udk fkdmj;S kï x , y yd z ys w.hhka ms<sfj,sk"a
1' 1 , 1 , –1 2' 1 , –1 , 1 3' –1 , 1 , 1 4' 1 , 1 , 1 5' –1 , –1 , –1

18. rEmfha ±lafjk ffoYsl moaO;sfha iïm%hl

q a;fha 23
úYd,;ajh jkafka"
3
1' 0 2' 33
3' 6 4' 63 63
5' 8

450 300
0
2
60
450

10 3

19. rEmfha oelafjk ffoYsl moaO;sfha iïm%hql;

a h jkafka" 
   2 CD
1' AC 2' CA 3' AB D C
  
4' BA 5' AE
EC
 
2 DA 2 BC
E

 EB
2 AE

A B

AB

20. fuu ffoYsl moaO;sfha iïm%hql;

a h jkafka"  
2 BA 2 CB
A B
  C
1' AC 2' 2 AC
  
3' AB 4' 2AB    EC
2AF AE EB 
 DC
5' 3 AB
F D
 E 
2 FE ED

Samitha Ratnayake -3- Innovative Physics

21. rEmfha ±lafjkafka iúê Ivdi%hla wkqidrfhka bÈßm;a lr we;s E D
ffoYsl 5 ls' tajdfha iïm%hl
q a;h jkafka"

  
1' 4 DA 2' 3 DA 3' 2 DA
F C
 
4' DA 5' AD

A B

22. rEmfha ±lafjk cd,lfha (grid) iEu fldgqjlu È. yd

m<, tall 1 ne.ska hehs ie,l+ úg fmkajd we;s
ffoYsl 5 ys iïm%hqla;fha úYd,;ajh"
1' tall 1 ls' 2' tall 2 ls'
3' tall 2 ls' 4' tall 1'5 ls'
5' tall 2'5 ls'

23. n, foll úYd,;ajhkaf.a tl;=j 15 N ls' tu n, fofla úYd,;ajhkaf.a .=Ks;h 56 N2 o iïm%hqla;fha

úYd,;ajh 13 N o fõ' n, fofla w.hhka yd tajd w;r fldaKh jkafka"
1' 5 N, 10 N, 60 0 2' 5 N, 10 N, 30 0 3' 7 N, 8 N, 60 0 4' 7 N, 8 N, 30 0 5' 7 N, 8 N, 90 0

24. rEmfha ±lafjkafka frdïnihl mdo folla u.ska úYd,;ajh yd

ÈYdj w;ska we| we;s a yd b keue;s ffoYsl folls' a + b ys
úYd,;ajh a – b ys úYd,;ajhg ork wkqmd;h jkafka" b
1' 2 2' 2 3' 3
4' 3 5' 1 60 0
a

25. rEmfha ±lafjk tlsfklg  fldaKhlska wdk; F1 yd F2 n, fol tlu F úYd,;ajhlska F2

hqla; fõ' F1 + F2 ys úYd,;ajh F1 – F2 ys úYd,;ajhg ork wkqmd;h jkafka"

1
1' Sin ( / 2) 2' 3' Tan ( / 2) F1
Sin ( / 2) 
1
4' 5' Cos ( / 2)
Tan ( / 2)

Samitha Ratnayake -4- Innovative Physics

Revision Paper - 02 ld,h ( meh 1

01. my; olajd we;s tajdhska l=ula .uH;dfõ tallh fõo@

1' N s-2 2' N s-1 3' N s 4' N s2 5' N2 s
(A/L - 1997)
02. rEmfha fmkajd we;s F n,h ,nd .; yelafla" F2
F2
F1
F F1 F1
F2
(A) (B) (C)
1' A ys muKla fmkajd we;s F1 iy F2 n, tl;= lsÍu u.sks'
2' B ys muKla fmkajd we;s F1 iy F2 n, tl;= lsÍu u.sks'
3' C ys muKla fmkajd we;s F1 iy F2 n, tl;= lsÍu u.sks'
4' A iy B ys muKla fmkajd we;s F1 iy F2 n, tl;= lsÍu u.sks'
5' A, B iy C hk ish,af,ys fmkajd we;s F1 iy F2 n, tl;= lsÍu u.sks' (A/L - 1997)

03. —fldaKsl ;ajrKh x ld,h˜ hk .=Ks;fha udk

1' fldaKsl úia:dmkfha udk fõ' 2' fldaKsl m%fõ.fha udk fõ'
3' jHdj¾:fha udk fõ' 4' wjiaÓ;s >Q¾Kfha udk fõ
5' ld¾hfha udk fõ' (A/L - 1998)

04. my; i|yka iólrKfha F , a , v iy t ms<sfj,ska n,h" ;ajrKh" m%fõ.h iy ld,h ksrEmKh lrhs'
v C1
F = C1 a + C2 ; wkqmd;hg"
t C2
1' ;ajrKfha udk we;' 2' ialkaOfha udk we;'
3' ld¾hfha udk we;' 4' m%fõ.fha udk we;'
5' udk fkdue; (A/L - 1998)

05. O ,laIHhSh jia;=jla u; l%shd lrk A , B , C iy D hk tal ;, n, i;rla

rEmfha fmkajd we;' tajd we| we;af;a mßudKhgh' O u; l%h
s d lrk iïm%hl
q a;
n,h (R) ys ÈYdj jvd;a u fyd¢ka fmkajd we;af;a"

1' 2' 3' 4' 5'

R R R
R
R (A/L - 1998)

06. fldaKsl m%fõ.fha udk jkqfha"

1' L T–1 2' T–1 3' L T–2 4' T 5' L–1 T–1
(A/L - 1999)
07. my; i|yka tallj,ska tla tallhlska ukskq ,nk fN!;sl rdYsh wksl=;a tajdhska ukskq ,nk fN!;sl
rdYshg jvd fjkiah' fuu tallh jkqfha"
1' eV 2' J s–1 3' Ws 4' lsf,dafjdÜ meh 5' MeV
(A/L - 2000)

08. laIu;djfha udk jkqfha"

1' M L2 T3 2' M L2 T–2 3' M L T–3 4' M L2 T–3 5' M L–2 T–3
(A/L - 2000)
Samitha Ratnayake -5- Innovative Physics
09. eV ^ bf,lafg%dk
a - fjda,Ü
a & hkq
1' CIu;djfha tallhls' 2' Yla;fs ha tallhls'
3' wdfrdamKfha tallhls' 4' fjda,aàh;djfha tallhls'
5' úNj wka;rfha tallhls' (A/L - 2001)

10. vi = k aj s hk iólrKfha v u.ska m%fõ.h o" a u.ska ;ajrKh o" s u.ska úia;dmkh o ksrEmKh lrhs' k
ksh;hla jk w;r i iy j mq¾K ixLHd fõ' iólrKh udk weiqfrka ksjerÈ ùug kï i iy j g ;sìh hq;=
w.hhka fudkjdo @
1' 1 , 1 2' 1 , 2 3' 2 , 1 4' 2 , 2 5' 2 , 3
(A/L - 2001)

11. ixLHd;fha udk jkqfha"

1' L T–1 2' Hz 3' L –1 4' T–1 5' M L–1
(A/L - 2002)

12. my; ±lafjk m%ldYkfha I iy V u.ska ksrEmkh jkafka ms<sfj,ska Odrdj iy fjda,aáh;djhs' C hkq
ksh;hls'

C log ( I
I0
+ 1 )= qv
kT ; fuys
kT
q hk mohg"

1' udk fkdue; 2' m%;sfrdaOfha udk ;sfí 3' V–1 ys udk ;sfí
4' I ys udk ;sfí 5' V ys udk ;sfí (A/L - 2004)

13. úlsrKYS, ksheÈhl laIhùfï iS>%;dj ( A ) ld,h ( t ) iu. fjkia ùu A = A0 e–t iïnkaO;dj u.ska fokq
,nhs'  ys udk jkqfha
1' T 2' T–1 3' MT 4' M–1T 5' MT–1
(A/L - 2005)

14. C =  k/ iólrKfha C hkq fõ.h iy  hkq >k;ajh fõ' k ys tall jkqfha
1' kg m s-2 2' kg1/2 s 3' kg m s-1 4' kg m-1 s-2 5' kg m1/2 s
(A/L - 2005)

15. my; i|yka tajdhska l=ula SI tallhla fkd jkafka o @

1' kg 2' m 3' s 4' A 5' k
(A/L - 2006)

16. mßudKhg w¢k ,o F1 isg F8 olajd we;s tal;, n, moaO;shla rEmfha fmkajd
we;s mßÈ O ,laIHdldr jia;=jla u; l%shdlrhs' iïm%hl
q ;
a n,h ±lafjk ffoYslh
jvd;a u úh yelafla
  
1' OA

2' OB

3' OC
4' OD 5' OE

(A/L - 2006)

17. tla;rd fN!;sl rdYshl udk [ L ]3 ka .=K l< úg ld¾hh i|yd udk ,efí'fN!;sl rdYsh jkafka
1' n,h 2' .uH;dj 3' mSvkh 4' ialkaOh 5' m%fõ.h
(A/L - 2007)

Samitha Ratnayake -6- Innovative Physics

18. rEmfha fmkajd we;s mßÈ OA, OB, OC, OD, OE iy OF kï tal;, n, moaO;shla
jia;=jla u; l%shd lrhs' úYd,;aj wkqj OA = 2 OD iy OE = 2 OB fõ' jia;=j u;
iïm%hqla; n,h
1' jvd;au úh yelafla OC ÈYdj Tiafia h'
2' jvd;au úh yelafla OE ÈYdj Tiafia h'
3' jvd;au úh yelafla OF ÈYdj Tiafia h'
4' jvd;au úh yelafla OA ÈYdj Tiafia h'
5' Y=kH úh yels h'

(A/L - 2007)
19. lsf,dafjdÜ-meh ys udk jkqfha"
1' [M][L]2[T]–2 2' [M)[L][T]–1 3' [M][L]2[T]–3 4' [T] 5' [T]–1
(A/L - 2008)

20. ixLHd;h f jk fmdafgdakhl Yla;sh E , E = hf u.ska fokq ,efí' h ys udk jkqfha"

1' ML2 T–1 2' ML–1 T–2 3' ML–2 T–1 4' ML2 T–2 5' ML–3 T–1
(A/L - 2009)

21. wjiaÓ;s >Q¾Kfha udk jkqfha"

1' ML2 2' ML 3' M 4' L 5' MLT–1
(A/L - 2010)

22. my; oelafjk l=ula SI moaO;sfha uQ,sl tallhla ksrEmKh fkdlrhso @

1' m 2' N 3' kg 4' s 5' K
(A/L - 2012)

23. udk úYaf,aIKh u.ska ,nd.; yels f;dr;=re ms<sn|j lr we;s my; m%ldY i,ld n,kak'
(A) fN!;sl iólrKhl mej;sh yels iudkqmd;sl ksh;j, ixLHd;aul w.hka udk úYaf,aIKh u.ska
ks¾Kh l< yel'
(B) fN!;sl iólrKhl mej;sh yels iudkqmd;sl ksh;j, ixLHd;aul ,l=Kq udk úYaf,aIKh u.ska
ks¾Kh l< yel'
(C) fN!;sl iólrKhl mej;sh yels iudkqmd;sl ksh;j, tall udk úYaf,aIKh u.ska ks¾Kh l< yel'
by; m%ldY w;=frka
1' (A) muKla i;H fõ' 2' (B) muKla i;H fõ'
3' (C) muKla i;H fõ' 4' (B) iy (C) muKla i;H fõ'
5' (A) , (B) iy (C) hk ish,a,u i;H fõ' (A/L - 2012)

24. tall muKla ie,lSfï§ my; i|yka l=uk rdYsh" b;sß tajdhska fjkiafõo @
1' N%uK pd,l Yla;hs 2' hdka;%sl úNj Yla;sh
3' wNHka;r Yla;sh 4' ld¾hh
5' laIu;dj (A/L - 2014)

25. my; l=uk rdYsh $ rdYSka udk rys;fõo @

(A)idfmalI a m%fõ.h
(B) idfmalIa >k;ajh
(C) idfmalaI wd¾ø;djh
1' A muKs' 2' A iy B muKs' 3' B iy C muKs'
4' A iy C muKs' 5' A, B iy C ish,a,u (A/L - 2014)
Samitha Ratnayake -7- Innovative Physics
26. bf,lafg%dka fjda,Ü a (eV) hkq"
1' wdfrdamKfha tallhls' 2' úNjfha tallhls'
3' Odß;dfõ tallhls' 4' Yla;f
s ha tallhls'
5' úoHq;a lafIa;% ;Sj%;djfha tallhls' (A/L - 2015)
27. a, b, c iy d hkq fjkia udk iys; fN!;sl rdYSka jk w;r k udk rys; ksh;hls'
my; i`oyka iïnkaO;d i,ld n,kak'
(A)ka3 = b (B) d = ac (C) a = kb
by; iïnkaO;d w;=frka
1' B muKla udk f,i j,x.= fõ' 2' C muKla udk f,i j,x.= fõ'
3' A iy B muKla udk f,i jx,.= fõ' 4' A iy C muKla udk f,i j,x.= fõ'
5' A,B iy C ish,a, u udk f,i j,x.= fõ' (A/L - 2017)
28. fmkajd we;s rEmfha F1, F2 iy F3 u.ska O ,laIHfhka l%shd lrk Y
x – y ;,fha msysá n, ;=kl wp, ffoYsl ksrEmKh flf¾' F4 hkq O F1
,laIHh jgd tu x – y ;,fha u N%uKh jk n,hla ksrEmKh lrk
ffoYslhls' F4 ffoYslh = 00, 900 iy 1800 hk fldaKj, we;s úg
F2 F4
my; l=ula u.ska iïm%hql; a ffoYslfha osYdj jvd;a fyd`oska ksrEmKh
X
flf¾ o@
00 900 1800
(1)
(2) F3
(3)
(4)
(5)
(A/L - 2017)
29. mSvkfhys tallh jkqfha"
1' kg m s–2 2' kg m2 s–2 3' kg m–1 s–2 4' kg m2 s–3 5' kg m–2 s–2 A–1
(A/L - 2018)
30. X,Y iy Z fjkia udk iys; fy!;sl rdYs ;=kla ksrEmKh lrhs' fïjd"
P = AX + BY + CZ
u.ska oelafjk wdldrfha P kï ;j;a fN!;sl rdYshla ilia lsÍu i`oyd iïnkaO l< yelsh' my;
m%ldYkj,ska wfkla tajdg jvd fjkia udk we;af;a l=ulgo@
(AX ) (CZ) (BY)2
1' AX 2' AX – CZ 3' 4' 5' (BY) (CZ)
BY P
(A/L - 2018)
31. (A) rEmfha fmkajd we;s mßÈ A, B, C, D iy E hkq jia;=jla u; l%shdlrk y
B
úYd,;ajfhka iudk tal;, n, myls' fuu n,j, iïm%hqla;fha ÈYdj A
C
jvd;a u fyd`Èka ksrEmKh jkafka my; l=uk rEmfhka o@
D E

0 (a) rEmh

y y y y y

x x x x 0 x
0 0 0 0
1' 2' 3' 4' 5'
(A/L - 2018)
Samitha Ratnayake -8- Innovative Physics
32. my; i`oyka tall w;=frka uQ,sl tallhla fkdjkafka l=ulao@
(1) m (2) J (3) cd (4) K (5) mol
(A/L - 2019)
33. .=re;ajdl¾IK ksh;h G ys udk fokq ,nkafka"
(1) L2 M–1 T–1 (2) L2 M–2 (3) L2 M–2 T–1 (4) L3 M–1 T–2 (5) L3 M–2 T–2
(A/L - 2019)
34. ma,dkala ksh;fhys udk jkqfha"
(1) M2L T (2) M2L T1 (3) ML T2 (4) ML T1 (5) ML2 T1
(A/L - 2020)

35. my; olajd we;s fN!;sl rdYS hq., w;=frka tl iudk udk we;af;a l=ulgo@
(1) m%;Hdn,h iy úl%shdj (2) ld¾hh iy Yla;hs
(3) m%fõ.h iy úia:dmkh (4) nr iy ialkaOh
(5) jHdj¾;h iy fldaKl s .uH;dj (A/L - 2021)

36. my; olajd we;s rdYs hq., w;=frka l=ula ms<sfj,ska ffoYslhlska yd wosYhlska iukaú; jkafkao@
(1) ialkaOh" m%fõ.h (2) laIu;dj" fõ.h
(3) ld¾hh" ÿr (4) n,h" úNj Yla;sh
(5) .uH;dj" jHdj¾;h (A/L - 2022)

37. jia;=jla u; l%shdlrk tal;, n, foll úYd,;ajhka 11 N iy 5 N fõ' tajdfha iïm%hqla; n,fha
úYd,;ajhg iudk úh fkdyelafla my; olajd we;s w.hka w;=frka l=ulao@
(1) 16 N (2) 9 N (3) 7 N (4) 6 N (5) 5 N
(A/L - 2022)

38. bf,lafg%dak fjda,Ü

a (cV)
(1) Yla;f
s ha tallhls' (2) laIu;djfha tallhls'
(3) wdfrdamKfha tallhls' (4) fjda,aàh;djfha tallhls'
(5) n,fha tallhls' (A/L - 2023)

39. úYd,;aj 9 m iy 6 m jQ úia:dmk folla tl;= lsÍfuka ,nd.; yels iïm%hqla; úia:dmkhla jkafka"
(1) 1 m (2) 2 m (3) 4 m (4) 16 m (5) 20 m
(A/L - 2023)

Special Essay Question ld,h ( ñks;a;= 30

 fN!;sl úoHdfõ§ iEu úgu hï iólrKhla ksjerÈ ùu i|yd tys fomi udk iudk úh hq;=h' fuu ;¾lh
mokï lr.ksñka fok ,o iólrKhl we;s fkdokakd moj, udk fiùu;a" we;eï moj, o¾Ylhkaf.a w.h
fiùu;a" fN!;sl rdYs w;r iïnkaOh fmkajk iólrK f.dvkeÕSu;a l, yelsh' fuu l%shdj,sh fmdÿfõ
—udk úYaf,aIKh˜ f,i ye¢kafõ'
fndfyda fN!;sl rdYsj, udk" uQ,sl fN!;sl rdYs lsysmhl udk ( M ^ ialkaOh & " L ^ È. &" T ^ld,h&" K
^ WIaK;ajh & weiqßka m%ldY l, yelsh' x keue;s fN!;sl rdYshl udk [x] f,i ,shd olajkq ,efí'
a. fN!;sl úoHdfõ uQ,sl ksh;hka jk
i. ma,dkala ksh;h (h) ii. wdf,dalfha fõ.h (c)
iii. id¾j;% .=re;ajdl¾IK ksh;h (G)
iv. fnd,aÜiaudka ksh;h (kB) hk tajdfha udk fidhkak'

b. i. lDIaK jia;= úlsrKh iïnkaO iafg*dka - fnd,aÜiaudka kshuh E =  f,i ,shd ±laúh yelsh'
iEu ixfla;hla i|ydu iqmr
q eÿ f;areu we;akï iafg*dka - fnd,aÜiaudka ksh;h jk  ys udk fidhkak'

Samitha Ratnayake -9- Innovative Physics

 ii. iafg*dka - fnd,aÜiaudka ksh;h" uQ,sl ksh;hla fkdjk w;r th ( a ) ys i|yka uQ,l
s ksh;j,g
iïnkaO jkafka my; mßÈh'
= a h c G kB
a hkq udk rys; ksh;hla kï ,, yd  ys w.hhka udk úYaf,aIKfhka fidhkak'
l¿ l=yr (black holes) " kùk .=re;ajdl¾IKjdofha b;d is;.
a kakd yd mqÿuiy.; mqfrdal:kj,ska tlls'
fN!;sl úoHdfõ "no hair theorem" f,i y÷kajk isoO
a dka;hlg wkqj l¿ l=yrhl ,dlaIKsl fndfyduhla
tys ialkaOh (m) u; r|d mj;S'
l¿ l=yrhl tla ,dCIKslhla jkafka tys — isoaê CIs;scfha ˜ (event horizon) j¾.M,h (A) hs' b;d
ir,j i,lkafka kï isoaê CI;sch hkq l=¿ l=yrfha iSudjhs' tu iSudj ;=, .=re;ajdl¾IKh w;sYh
m%n, neúka wdf,dalhg mjd bka msg;g meñKsh fkdyel' tneúka tu iSudj ;=, isÿjk isoê a wmg
fkdfmfka'
c. i. isoaê CIs;scfha j¾.M,h jk A "
A = G c m u.ska fokq ,nhs kï udk úYaf,aIKfhka , , yd  ys w.hhka fidhkak'
ii. by; (i) ys ,o m%;sM,hg wkqj isoaê CIs;scfha j¾.M,h" l=¿ l=yrfha ialkOh iuÕ jeäjk nj fmfka'
l=¿ l=yrfhka msg;g lsisjla fkdmeñfKk neúka isoaê CIs;sch ;=, isÿjk ish¿ fN!;sl ixisoaê" l¿
l=yrfha ialkaOh jeäùu;a iuÕ m%n, fõ'
fnlkaiaghska (Bekenstein) úiska fhdackd lr we;s mßÈ l¿ l=yrhla i|yd tys tkafg%dmsh
(entropy - S) " isoaê CIs;scfha j¾.M,h iuÕ iïnkaO jkafka"
S = A u.sk's
w' tkafg%dmsh i|yd jk S = Q/ ;dm.;sl w¾: ±laùu mokï lr.ksñka tkafg%dmsfha udk fidhkak' Q
hkq yqjudre jQ ;dm m%udKh jk w;r  hkq moaO;sfha ksrfmalaI WIaK;ajhhs'
wd'  " uQ,l
s ksh;hka wkqidrfhka m%ldY lrkak'

ms<;
s r
= e

Revision Paper - 1
01. 2 02. 4 03. 5 04. 5 05. 4
06. 5 07. 3 08. 5 09. 5 10. 1
11. 3 12. 2 13. 3 14. 3 15. 4
16. 3 17. 2 18. 3 19. 1 20. 3
21. 2 22. 1 23. 3 24. 4 25. 4

Revision Paper - 02
01. 3 02. 5 03. 2 04. 5 05. 4
06. 2 07. 2 08. 4 09. 2 10. 3
11. 4 12. all 13. 2 14. 4 15. 5
16. 3 17. 3 18. 3 19. 1 20. 1
21. 1 22. 2 23. 3 24. 5 25. 3
26. 4 27. 3 28. 2 29. 3 30. 5
31. 4 32. 2 33. 4 34. 5 35. 2
36. 4 37. 5 38. 1 39. 3

Special Essay Question

 a. i. ML2 T–1 ii. LT –1 iii. M –1L3T –2 iv. ML2 T–2 K–1

b. i. MT–3 K–4 ii.  = –3 ,  = –2 ,  = 0 ,  = 4

c. i.  = 2 ,  = –4 ,  = 2 ii. w' ML2 T–2 K–1 wd' MT–2 K–1

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Samitha Ratnayake - 10 - Innovative Physics