CARBON AND ITS COMPOUNDS
(MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS)
1. When vegetable oil is treated with hydrogen in the presence of
nickel Or (Palladium) as a catalyst, it forms vegetable ghee. This
process shows
a) Anodising reaction b) Substitution reaction
c) Displacement reaction d) Addition reaction
2. The soap molecule has a -
a) hydrophilic head and hydrophilic tail b) hydrophobic head and hydrophilic
head
c) hydrophobic head and hydrophobic tail d) hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail
3. The functional group present in propanal is-
a) -OH b) -COOH c) -CO- d) -CHO
4. Carbon exists in the atmosphere in the form of
(a) carbon monoxide only (b) carbon monoxide in traces and carbon dioxide
(c) carbon dioxide only (d) coal
5. Which of the following statements are usually correct for
carbon compounds? These
(i) are good conductors of electricity
(ii) are poor conductors of electricity
(iii) have strong forces of attraction between their molecules
(iv) do not have strong forces of attraction between their molecules
(a) (i) and (iii) (b) (ii) and (iii) (c) (i) and (iv) (d) (ii) and (iv)
6. Ethanol reacts with sodium and forms two products. These are
(a) sodium ethanoate and hydrogen (b) sodium ethanoate and oxygen
(c) sodium ethoxide and hydrogen (d) sodium ethoxide and oxygen
7. Buckminsterfullerene is an allotropic form of
(a) phosphorus (b) sulphur (c) carbon (d) tin
8. CH3– CH2– OH Alkaline KMnO4 + Heat > CH3 – COOH
In the above given reaction, alkaline KMnO4 acts as
(a) reducing agent (b) oxidising agent
(c) catalyst (d) dehydrating agent
9. In which of the following compounds, — OH is the functional group?
(a) Butanone (b) Butanol (c) Butanoic acid (d) Butanal
10. Identify the unsaturated compounds from the following
(i) Propane (ii) Propene (iii) Propyne (iv) Chloropropane
(a) (i) and (ii) (b) (ii) and (iv) (c) (iii) and (iv) (d) (ii) and (iii)
11. Which of the following are correct structural isomers of butane?
12. Pentane has the molecular formula C5H12. It has
(a) 5 covalent bonds (b) 12 covalent bonds
(c) 16 covalent bonds (d) 17 covalent bonds
Q13 The electronic configuration of an element is found to be 2, 4. How many bonds can one
carbon atom form in a compound?
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 4
(d) 6
Correct Answer: Option (c)
Q14 The following chemical reaction shows the addition of chlorine to methane in the
presence of sunlight:
CH4 + Cl4 → X
What is likely to be the product of the reaction represented by “X”?
(a) CH4+ H2SO4
(b) CH3Cl + HCl
(c) CHCl3 + HCl
(d) CH3Cl + H2SO4
Correct Answer: Option (b)
Q15. The image represents the structure of a few hydrocarbon compounds.
Which of these compounds can be classified as alkynes?
(a) Only (A)
(b) Only (B)
(c) Both (A) and (D)
(d) Both (B) and (C)
Correct Answer: Option (c)
Q16.The below image represents a chemical reaction where ethanol is oxidised using
potassium dichromate and sulphuric acid.
Which of the following option represents the product “X”?
(a) CH2O
(b) CH3CH
(c) CH3H2O
(d) CH3COOH
Correct Answer: Option (d)
Q17. The given image represents the structure of a carbon compound known as ethane.
Which of the following option explains the naming of ethane?
(a) The presence of a functional group connected with a single bond
(b) As it contains two carbon atoms, and a single bond connects the carbon atoms
(c) Carbon compound with a total number of eight atoms is named ethane
(d) As it contains six hydrogen atoms, and a single bond connects the carbon and hydrogen atom
Correct Answer: Option (b)
Q18. The following image represents a carbon compound.
Which functional group is present in the compound?
(a) Alcohol
(b) Aldehyde
(c) Carboxylic acid
(d) Ketone
Correct Answer: Option (d)
Q19. A carbon compound contains two atoms of carbon. Which name should the carbon
compound bear?
(a) Butane
(b) Ethane
(c) Methane
(d) Propane
Correct Answer: Option (b)
Q20.The following chemical reaction shows the addition of chlorine gas to hydrocarbon in
the presence of sunlight.
CHCl3 + Cl2 → CCl4 + HCl
How does chlorine react to a hydrocarbon compound in the presence of sunlight?
(a) It adds hydrogen to the compound
(b) It adds an oxygen atom to the compound
(c) It substitutes hydrogen atom from the compound
(d) It breaks double and triple bonds into a single bond
Correct Answer: Option (c)
Q21. Which of these functional groups can combine with carbon to produce alcohol?
Correct Answer: Option (b)
Q22. A student studies that vinegar, which is a diluted form of ethanoic acid, freezes during
winter. What does this suggest about the physical properties of pure ethanoic acid?
(a) It has a low boiling point
(b) It has a low melting point
(c) It has a very high boiling point
(d) It has a very high melting point
Correct Answer: Option (b)
Q23. Which of the following is the molecular formula of cyclobutane?
a) C4H10
b) C4H6
c) C4H8
d) C4H4
Correct Answer: Option (c)
Q24. A student studies that a soap molecule has two ends, one of which is an ionic end, and
the other is the carbonic chain. Which option explains the interaction of a soap molecule
with oil?
(a) Ionic end of the soap interacts with the oil
(b) The closest end of the soap interacts with the oil
(c) Carbonic chain end of the soap interacts with the oil
(d) Ends of the soap randomly interact with the oil
Correct Answer: Option (c)
Q25.Methane, ethane and propane are said to form a homologous series because all are:
(a) Hydrocarbons
(b) Saturated compounds
(c) Aliphatic compounds
(d) Differ from each other by a CH2 group
Correct Answer: Option (d)
Q26. Which of the following belongs to a homologous series of alkynes?
(a) C6H6
(b) C2H6
(c) C2H4
(d) C3H4
Correct Answer: Option (d)
Q27. A student studies that soap solution results in micelle formation, which helps to remove
dirt. It has a unique orientation which helps in keeping the dirt out of the water, as shown in
the image.
What helps the dirt to rise away?
(a) Suspension of the dirt in the micelles
(b) A collection of water molecules in the centre of the micelle
(c) The attraction between the ionic end and the dirt to remove it
(d) Mixing of the soap molecules along with the dirt to make it heavier
Correct Answer: Option (a)
Q28 Choose the correct statement.
(a) The ethene molecule is made up of 2 carbon atoms and 4 hydrogen atoms
(b) Each carbon atom shares three electrons with three hydrogen atoms to form three carbon-
hydrogen single covalent bonds
(c) In ethane, the two carbon atoms share one pair of electrons among themselves to form one
carbon-carbon single covalent bond
(d) All of the above
Correct Answer: Option (d)
Q29.Which of the following is the property of ionic compounds?
(a) They have high melting and boiling points
(b) They conduct electricity in solution or in a molten state
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of the above
Correct Answer: Option (c)
Q30 Which of the following is not a characteristic of fullerenes?
(a) Of all the fullerene, the C60 allotrope is the most stable
(b) Its shape is similar to that of a soccer ball
(c) It contains only fused six-membered carbon-carbon rings
(d) Its hardness is lower than that of a diamond
Correct Answer: Option (c)
Q31. How many single bonds are present in methane?
(a) Four
(b) Five
(c) Six
(d) Three
Correct Answer: Option (a)
Q32. A hydrocarbon should have a minimum of ______ carbon atoms to show isomerism.
(a) Three
(b) Four
(c) Fived
(d) Six
Correct Answer: Option (b)
A. SOURCE BASED QUESTIONS:
1. One chemical property that all alkanes have in common is that they burn very
exothermically. They make good fuels. Controlling their availability and cost
can have great political consequences. When they burn in a good supply of air
the products are carbon dioxide and water vapour.
Methane + oxygen--------- carbon dioxide and water
Methane forms the major part of natural gas. Propane and butane burn with
very hot flames and are sold as liquefied Petroleum gas. They are kept as liquids
under pressure but they vaporize easily when the pressure is released.
i) Why do alkanes make good fuels? (1)
ii) What are the constituents of cooking gas? (1)
iii) Write the balanced equation for the combustion of ethane. (2)
2 The addition of hydrogen across C =C is known as hydrogenation. Ethene reacts
with hydrogen, if the heated gases are passed together over a catalyst nickel ethane
is the product.
Hydrogenation reactions similar to the reaction with Ethene are used in the
manufacture of margarine from vegetable oils. The vegetable oils of interest
include corn oil and Sunflower oil. They are edible oil and contain long chain
organic acids. The hydrocarbon chain of these acids contains one or more C= C
double bonds: they are unsaturated molecules. Oil such as Sunflower oil are rich
in poly and saturated molecules. This means that the melting point is relatively
low and the oil remains liquid at normal temperature. By hydrogenation some but
not all of the C=C double bonds, the liquid vegetable oil can be made into a solid
but spreadable fat.
Animal fat tend to be more saturated than vegetable oils and fats. The animal
fats in cream can be made into butter. Mini doctors now believe that unsaturated
fats are more
healthy then saturated fats.
i) Why are corn oil and sunflower oil called unsaturated molecules? (1)
ii) Which is better for human consumption- Animal fat or vegetable fat? Why?
(1)
iv) How is ethane produced from ethene? Give the equation. (2)
v)
ANSWER KEY
A. MCQ
1.d) 2. d) 3. d) 4. b) 5. d) 6. c) 7. c) 8. b) 9. b) 10. d) 11. c) 12. c)
B. CASE BASED QUESTIONS
1.a) Sooty deposit is due to incomplete combustion of fuel.
a) yes, Saturated compounds will generally burn in excess of air with a
blue flame but unsaturated hydrocarbons burn with a yellow flame with
lots of black smoke (sooty flame).
b) Clean holes supply sufficient air(oxygen) and complete combustion of
fuel will give blue flame.
2.a) Ester formation
a) Reaction mixture: Ethanol (Alcohol) + Acetic Acid (Carboxylic Acid) ,
Reaction:
Esterification
b) As Alcohol being one of the reactants and its highly flammable, it should
not be heated directly. Hence heated in a water bath.
C. ASSERTION REASON QUESTIONS
1.a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2.a )Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
3.b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
4. (c) A is true but R is false.
5. (c) A is true but R is false.
D. SOURCE BASED QUESTIONS
1.
i. Alkanes react with oxygen to produce CO2 and H2O and a large amount of heat.
ii. Propane and butane
iii .C2H4 + 3O2-------- 2CO2 + 2H2O
2
i. Corn oil and Sunflower oil contain long chain organic acids with
some of the C- C double bonds.
ii. Vegetable fat as they are unsaturated.
iii. C2H4 + H2 -nickel--heat--- C2H6
