ISO/FDIS 12046
ISO/TC 41/SC 4
ISO/DIS 12046:2024(en)
2024-06-07
Secretariat: ANSI
Third edition
Date: 2024-09-30
Synchronous belt drives — Automotive belts — Determination of
physical properties
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ISO/DISFDIS 12046:2024(en)
© ISO 2024
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication
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ISO/FDIS 12046:2024(en)
Contents
Foreword ...........................................................................................................................................................................v
1 Scope .................................................................................................................................................................... 1
2 Normative references .................................................................................................................................... 1
3 Terms and definitions ................................................................................................................................... 1
4 Principle ............................................................................................................................................................. 1
5 Test methods .................................................................................................................................................... 1
6 General conditions for testing .................................................................................................................... 2
6.1 Standard environmental conditions ........................................................................................................ 2
6.2 Standard conditions of test specimens ................................................................................................... 2
6.3 Rounding off the test results ....................................................................................................................... 2
6.4 Test report ......................................................................................................................................................... 2
7 Static property tests ....................................................................................................................................... 3
7.1 Test for hardness of rubber core............................................................................................................... 3
7.2 Tensile strength test ...................................................................................................................................... 3
7.3 Fabric adhesion test ....................................................................................................................................... 4
7.4 Tension-cord adhesion test ......................................................................................................................... 7
7.5 Tooth-shear test .............................................................................................................................................. 8
7.6
7.7
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Test for resistance to high temperature ............................................................................................... 13
Test for resistance to low temperature ................................................................................................ 13
7.8
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Test for resistance to oil ............................................................................................................................. 13
Test for resistance to ozone ...................................................................................................................... 13
7.10
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Test for resistance to water ...................................................................................................................... 14
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ISO/DISFDIS 12046:2024(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of
ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights
in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a) patent(s)
which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not
represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
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This document was prepared byDocument
Technical Committee Preview
ISO/TC 41, Pulleys and belts (including veebelts),
Subcommittee SC 4, Synchronous belt drives.
ISO/FDIS 12046
This secondthird edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 12046:2012), which has been
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technically revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— Clause 2— Clause 2 - Normative References was has been updated.;
— Clause 7.9.2 – Volumetricvolumetric units werehave been clarified ( 7.9.2.).
- Bibliography was updated
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
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DRAFT International Standard ISO/DIS 12046:2024(en)
Synchronous belt drives — Automotive belts — Determination of
physical properties
1 Scope
This document specifies test methods for determining the physical properties of synchronous belts used in
driving engine parts, such as camshafts, fuel injection pumps, balancing shafts. These test methods are
intended to provide a means of characterizing synchronous belt properties for belts which are evaluated and
qualified by dynamic laboratory and field testing.
NOTE The dimensional characteristics of these belts are covered in ISO 9010.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 48-2, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of hardness (hardness— Part 2: Hardness
between 10 IRHD and 100 IRHD)
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ISO 1817, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of the effect of liquids
3 Terms and definitions
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For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions given in ISO 5288 apply.
ISO/FDIS 12046
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
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— — ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— — IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
4 Principle
The objective of the test methods covered in this document is the evaluation of the physical properties of
automotive synchronous belts through standardized testing. These test methods are independent of tooth
profiles.
5 Test methods
The tests covered in this document are listed in Table 1Table 1..
Table 1 — Tests
Test Subclause
Hardness of rubber core 7.1
Tensile strength 7.2
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ISO/FDIS 12046:2024(en)
Test Subclause
Fabric adhesion 7.3
Tension-cord adhesion 7.4
Tooth shear 7.5
Resistance to high temperature 7.6
Resistance to low temperature 7.7
Resistance to oil 7.8
Resistance to ozone 7.9
Resistance to water 7.10
6 General conditions for testing
6.1 Standard environmental conditions
Standard conditions in the laboratory shall be maintained at a temperature of (25 ± 5) °C, a relative humidity
of (65 ± 20) % and an atmospheric pressure of 86 kPa to 106 kPa. The test conditions should be recorded.
6.2 Standard conditions of test specimens
The test specimens shall be tested at least 16 h after vulcanization and shall be kept for at least 1 h prior to
test in a room maintained under standard conditions.
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The results of each test shall be rounded off. Results shall be recorded according to the number of figures
specified in Table 2.
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Table 2 — Rounding off of results
Test Unit ISO/FDIS Measured
12046 test value Test results to be obtained
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Hardness of rubber core Shore A or IRHD Integer Integer
Tensile strength N Nearest 10 Nearest 100
Fabric adhesion N Integer Integer
Tension-cord adhesion N Nearest 10 Nearest 10
Tooth shear N Nearest 10 Nearest 10
EXAMPLES Nearest tens Nearest hundreds
3 474 → 3 470 3 440 → 3 400
3 475 → 3 480 3 450 → 3 500
6.4 Test report
For each test, the test report shall include the following information:
a) a) number of teeth, pitch, tooth profile and width of specimen;
b) b) constituent materials of specimen;
c) c) production code of specimen;
d) d) date of test;
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ISO/DISFDIS 12046:2024(en)
e) e) number of specimens;
f) f) test temperature, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure;
g) g) type of test apparatus.;
h) reference to this document (including its year of publication).
7 Static property tests
7.1 Test for hardness of rubber core
7.1.1 Test specimens
The test specimen shall be either an endless belt or a cut belt with a minimum length of 100 mm.
7.1.2 Procedure
Place the specimen, with teeth pointing downward, on a flat surface and measure the flat portion of the belt
above a tooth, using either;
— — a Shore type A durometer as specified in ISO 48. -2;
— — an IRHD tester as described in ISO 48.-2;
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Expression of results
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Record the average of five different measurements along the belt, rounded off as in the following examples.
EXAMPLE 1 ISO/FDIS 12046
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74 + 75 + 75 + 74 + 74
= 74,4 → 74
5
EXAMPLE 2
75 + 75 + 75 + 74 + 74
= 74,6 → 75
5
7.2 Tensile strength test
7.2.1 Test specimens
The test specimen shall be either an endless belt or two cut belts with a minimum length of 250 mm each.
7.2.2 Procedure
Mount an endless-belt test specimen, with teeth pointing upward, on two flat pulleys having an equivalent
diameter ranging between 100 mm and 175 mm and which are free to rotate. Apply a tension force to the
specimen at the speed of (50 ± 5) mm/min until belt separation occurs.
If two cut belts are used as test specimens, the length gripped shall be at least 50 mm with a minimum distance
of 150 mm between the two grips. Apply a tension force to one specimen at the speed of (50 ± 5) mm/min
until separation takes place. Repeat the test with the second specimen.
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ISO/FDIS 12046:2024(en)
7.2.3 Expression of results
The value for the tensile strength shall be taken as half the measured value for the endless-belt specimen or
the smaller of the measured values of the two cut belts. Any data obtained when the specimen separates on
the pulley surface or at the gripped portion shall be discarded.
7.3 Fabric adhesion test
7.3.1 Test specimens
Two specimens with a minimum length of 100 mm shall be cut from a belt.
7.3.2 Procedure
Place each specimen in the grips of a tensile-testing device, positioning the root line of the first tooth (No. 1)
between 1 and 2, as illustrated in Figure 1Figure 1..
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Key
1 grip A of the tensile-testing device
2 grip B of the tensile-testing device
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