JOY OF ENGINEERING
MODULE:-MAKERS
Making an Automatic Dustbin
1. Introduction (Details of the Task)
In this task, our team was tasked with designing and building an automatic
dustbin that could open and close using a sensor-based mechanism. The
objective was to integrate basic electronics with mechanical design to create
a fully functional dustbin that could automatically detect motion and open
the lid, making waste disposal more hygienic and convenient.
2. Objectives
To design and build an automatic dustbin that opens and closes
automatically based on sensor input.
To understand the integration of sensors with mechanical systems.
To explore how basic electrical components (motors, sensors) can be used to
automate everyday objects.
To improve our problem-solving skills while working with limited resources.
3. Methodology
We began by selecting materials for the dustbin structure, such as plastic or
metal, which was lightweight but durable. We then designed the mechanism
to open the lid using a servo motor activated by an infrared (IR) motion
sensor. The sensor would detect the movement of a hand or object near the
dustbin and send a signal to the motor, causing the lid to open. After a set
time, the motor would close the lid automatically.
The assembly process involved:
Creating the dustbin structure.
Wiring the servo motor to the sensor.
Mounting the sensor in an appropriate location on the dustbin.
Testing the motion detection and motor movement.
Fine-tuning the circuit and ensuring the system was stable.
4. Observations and Findings
Sensor Sensitivity:
The motion sensor was very sensitive, but we had to adjust its placement
and angle to ensure it was activated by hand movement without being
triggered by random environmental factors.
Motor Calibration:
The servo motor worked well, but we needed to calibrate it to ensure that
the lid opened and closed smoothly without straining the motor.
System Stability:
Initial tests showed that the system sometimes failed to close properly, likely
due to wiring issues or a delay in the sensor’s response time.
Design Effectiveness:
The design was simple and effective, but small adjustments were required to
make it more user-friendly.
5. Resources
Materials:
Plastic container, servo motor, IR motion sensor, wires, battery pack,
adhesive, screws.
Tools:
Soldering iron, screwdrivers, glue gun, wire cutters, multimeter (for testing
circuits).
Electronics:
Basic microcontroller (if required), motor driver for controlling the servo, and
the IR sensor module.
6. Challenges and Limitations
Power Supply:
Ensuring a stable power supply for the sensor and motor was challenging.
Battery life and power distribution became a concern.
Sensor Calibration:
Getting the motion sensor to trigger correctly was tricky. The sensor
sometimes triggered without any hand movement or failed to trigger at a
certain angle.
Size and Placement of Components:
Fitting the motor and wiring inside the dustbin’s lid was difficult due to
limited space.
Limited Experience with Electronics:
Some team members had limited experience with circuits, leading to trial
and error before achieving a fully functional design.
7. Skills Used to Complete the Task
Basic Electronics:
We used knowledge of basic circuits, motors, and sensors to assemble the
automatic opening mechanism.
Mechanical Design:
We applied creativity in designing the motion system and ensuring that the
motor operated smoothly.
Problem-Solving:
The issues with sensor placement, wiring, and motor calibration required a
lot of troubleshooting and adjustments.
Teamwork and Collaboration:
Effective communication and collaboration helped us divide tasks and
address problems together.
*8. Alternative Ways to Complete the Task
Using Different Sensors:*
Instead of an IR motion sensor, a proximity sensor or capacitive touch
sensor could be used for better accuracy and control.
Using a Remote Control:
The dustbin could have been designed with a remote-controlled opening
mechanism, which would simplify the system.
Battery Optimization: Using a rechargeable battery or solar panel to power
the system could have been a more sustainable solution.
9. Suggestions and Recommendations
Sensor Adjustment:
Use adjustable motion sensors that allow fine-tuning sensitivity to avoid
false triggers.
Improved Power Management:
Use low-power components or rechargeable batteries to extend the
operational life of the dustbin.
Better Materials:
Use lightweight materials that are durable yet easy to work with, such as
reinforced plastic for the body of the dustbin.
Enhance User Interface:
A button or remote control for manual operation could complement the
automatic opening feature
OBSERVATION AND FINDING
1. Inefficient Milking Practices: Manual milking practices are time-consuming
and may lead to inconsistent milk quality.
2. Insufficient Cow Health Management: Inadequate veterinary care,
vaccination, and disease monitoring may lead to reduced milk production
and quality.
3.Poor Nutrition and Feeding Practices: Inadequate nutrition, poor feeding
practices, and lack of access to clean water may impact milk production and
quality.
4.Inadequate Milk Storage and Handling: Improper milk storage and handling
practices may lead to contamination, spoilage, and reduced milk quality.
5.Limited Adoption of Technology: Limited use of technology, such as
automated milking systems and milk testing equipment, may hinder
efficiency and milk quality.
6.Seasonal Fluctuations in Milk Production: Seasonal changes in temperature,
humidity, and feed availability may impact milk production and quality.
CONCLUSION:- automated dustbins represent a significant advancement
in waste management technology, offering efficient, hygienic, and
environmentally friendly solutions for urban and rural areas alike. By
automating the process of waste collection, these systems reduce human
labor, minimize contamination, and ensure better sanitation. The integration
of sensors and smart technology enables automated dustbins to detect
waste levels and optimize collection schedules, reducing the need for
frequent manual intervention and promoting resource efficiency. As
urbanization increases and the need for sustainable waste management
grows, the adoption of automated dustbins can play a crucial role in
improving waste handling, reducing pollution, and contributing to smarter,
cleaner cities.
