Grounding Resistance Meter

Manual
1. Generalization
This instrument is an intelligent multifunctional earth resistance tester, can perform the standard three-pole
earth resistance measurement and calculation of soil resistivity.
 The design conforms to the following Safety Requirements:
DLT 845.2-2004General specifications for measuring resistance equipments Part2: power frequency earth
resistance testers
JJG 366—2004Verification Regulation of Earth Resistance Meters
 Basic measurement function
Grounding voltage and DC voltage measurement, 3-pole method, 2-pole method grounding resistance
measurement
 Resistance measurement over range display >1999 Ω / >999 Ω
 Automatic voltage releasing function.
 White backlight function is easy to work in dark light.
 With backlight off and automatic power off function.
 Small, strong structure design, easy to work with both hands neck strap, simple man-machine operation,
adapt to the site transportation and harsh environment.
2. Open-case Inspection
Check the product to see whether it is damaged in the shipment or not. Check the materials to see whether
they are the same as shown in the packing list. Keep the packing materials for late delivery.
Standard and chosen accessories supplied are listed as follows. Chosen ones are bought at purchaser’s options.
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Standard accessories:
Test wire 1.6m (red, black) 2Pcs
Test wire 5m (green) 1Pc
Test wire 10m (yellow)1Pc ·
Test wire 15m (red)1Pc ·
Auxiliary grounding rod 2Pcs
Manual1Pc
Carrying Bag 1Pc
Hand rope 1Pc
Optional accessories (additional cost required)): Power adapter (DC12V)
3. Safety Information
The design, manufacture and test of the instrument reach the IEC61010-1, IEC61557-1 and IEC61557-5
Safety Requirements. This Manual contains all warnings and safety regulations that must be followed to
ensure safe operation and retain the Instrument in safe condition. Read the following instructions before
operation.
Mark in the Instrument means the operator needs to refer to related parts in the Manual to ensure safe
operation.
Danger is reserved for conditions and actions that are likely to cause serious or fatal injury.
Warning is reserved for conditions and actions that are likely to cause serious or fatal injury.
Caution is reserved for conditions and actions that can cause injury or instrument damage.
Warning
 Read carefully and make sure well understanding of the Manual before using this Instrument.
 Follow the instructions in the Manual whenever operating, keep the Manual in good condition for
reference whenever necessary.
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 Mis-operation may cause accidents and damages to the Instrument in measurement.
 Never attempt to make any measurement if appear any abnormal conditions, such as a broken cover or
exposed metal parts are present on the Instrument and Test Leads.
 Replace Test Lead with new one in same specification and same electrical specification when it is
broken.
 Do not replace batteries if the Instrument is wet.
 Ensure that the Test Leads are firmly inserted into the terminal of the meter.
 Ensure that the Instrument powers off when the battery cover is open.
Danger
 Never make measurement on a circuit in which electrical potentials exceeding AC/DC250V.
 Do not attempt to make measurement in the presence of flammable gasses. Otherwise, the use of the
Instrument may cause sparking, which can lead to an explosion.
 Never attempt to use the Instrument if its surface or your hands are wet.
 Do not exceed the maximum range allowed.
 Do not press the PRESS TO TEST key when connecting the Test Leads.
 Never open the battery cover during a measurement.
 Cut off the power and remove any measuring parts connected to the Instrument before opening the
battery cover.
Caution
 Set and ensure the Range Switch to the appropriate position before making measurement.
 After used and remove the Test Leads.
 Remove and store the batteries if the Instrument used for a long period.
 When the battery power is low, a " " symbol will appear on the screen, which means the battery
needs to be replaced.
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 Do not use or keep the Instrument in high-temperature, high-humidity, explosive, strong electromagnetic
and dewy environment or expose to direct sunlight.
 Do not use abrasives or solvents. Use a damp cloth/ neutral detergent for cleaning the Instrument.
 Do not store the Instrument if it is wet. Store it after it dries.
4. Symbols
Possible danger of
Warning
electronic shock
Ground Dual insulation

5. Technical Specification
5.1. Safety and Conformity
Between E-V port voltage function: AC1000V/DC1500V 10
Overload Protection
seconds
IEC61010-1(CAT Ⅲ 600V,POLUTION degreeⅡ)
Legal Conformity IEC61557-1,5(electronic safety requirements for low voltage
distribution system below AC 1000V and DC 1500V
Electromagnetic Compatibility conforms to IEC61326-1, Group 1, Class B
Surge Protection 6kV (as per IEC61010.1-2001)
Identification Mark CE

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 Quality Standard develops, designs, and manufactures according to ISO 9001

5.2. General Feature

Display Screen digit: displays in 2000 digits, white backlight
Operation Temperature and
0～40 ºC, relative moisture≤85%(no condensation)
Moisture Range
Storage Temperature and Moisture
-20 ºC～60 ºC, relative moisture≤90%( no condensation)
Range
Accuracy Required Temperature
23±5ºC, relative moisture≤75% (no condensation)
and Moisture Range
Indoor, outdoor operation(no waterproof),at an altitude of 0 ～
Ambient Condition for Operation
2,000 meter
Indicator for Over-range Voltage: OL; Ground resistance:>1999 Ω / >999 Ω
Battery Type eight 1.5V Alkaline (LR6) batteries
Low Battery displays low battery mark
Automatic Power-off The default value is 10 minutes if no operation, and adjustable.
Closed – case Calibration no internal adjustments needed
Measurement 178(L)×110(W)×59(D)mm
Weight about 600g

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 Calibration Period One year

5.3. Measurement Range and Accuracy

Error limits are given as: ± ( [ % of reading ]+[ number of least significant digits ]),warranty for one year.
(Note: ‘number of least significant digits’ means the digits increased or decreased in least significant digits)
Ambient temperature: 23±5ºC ; Ambient moisture: 45～75%RH
Ground voltage (E.V)

Measurement range Resolution Frequency range Accuracy

0V～1000V 1V 45～1000Hz sine ±(2%+5)
Input resistance: about 10MΩ; Measurement rate: about 3 times/second;
Maximum overload: AC1000Vrms
DC voltage (1500V)
Measurement range Resolution Accuracy
0V～±1500V 1V ±(1%+5)
Input resistance: about 10MΩ; Measurement rate: about 3 times/second;
Maximum overload :DC1500V
Ground resistance RE
Range Measurement range Resolution Accuracy
10Ω 0.10Ω～9.99Ω 0.01Ω ±(2%+10)
100Ω 0.0Ω～99.9Ω 0.1Ω
±(2.0%+3)
1000Ω 0Ω～999Ω 1Ω

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 Add 0.2Ω error when resistance is less than 2Ω.
 Use a probe to measure current and voltage according to IEC61557-5.
 Open circuit voltage Um: Maximum about 50Vpp, rectangular wave.
 Short circuit current Im: Maximum about 3.5 mA.
 Measurement time: < 2 seconds.
 Auxiliary grounding resistance 500Ω (error ±5%); Grounding voltage ≤10Vac

The maximum operating error percentage within the measurement range shall not exceed ±30% of the base
value which is subject to the measured value, subject to the base value according to the determined
measurement value below list.
Operating errors apply to the rated operating conditions specified in IEC61557-1 and below the following
conditions:

 System frequency of 400Hz, 60Hz, 50Hz, 16 2/3Hz or using respectively the DC voltage crossed to
inject series interference voltage through the terminals E(ES) and S. And the r.m.s (root mean square
value ) of series interference voltage should be 3V;
 Resistance of auxiliary grounding electrode and probe: 4kΩ +100×RE≤50kΩ
Basic error/ Reference condition /stipulation Requirements/tests of the
Symbol Test type
Influence quantity work scope IEC61557 related parts
Basic error Reference condition A Section 6.1 of Part 5 R
Supply voltage Manufacturer's limit value E2 Sections 4.2 and 4.3 of Part 1 R
Temperature 0°C and 35°C E3 Section 4.2 of Part 1 T
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Series interference
See 4.2 and 4.3 E4 Sections 4.2 and 4.3 of Part 5 T
voltage
Resistance of
auxiliary
grounding 4kΩ+10ORE but ≤50kΩ E5 Section 4.3 of Part 5 T
electrode and
probe
Operation error Section 4.3 of Part 5 R
A=Basic error
En= Change quantity
R=Routine test
T= Type test
B  %  B / Basevalue*100%
6. Instrument Layout
6.1. Instrument Body

Figure 1

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6.2. Terminals

Figure 2

Terminal Illustration

V voltage terminal Red line

E earth ground terminal(voltage terminal) Green line

P Potential pole Yellow line

C Current pole Red line

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6.3. Display unit
Cautions and Warnings item are using all kinds of signs or information to show, the signs and information are
described in detail here.

Figure 3

No. Mark and information Illustration

1. R Main display function: R
Main screen

2.

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 3. 3 POLE Ground resistance test method 3 POLE
4. AC Alternating current
5. DC Direct current
6. REL Relative value measurement
7. Low battery mark
Main display area unit:
8. Voltage :V(volt)
Resistance unit: Ω(ohm)
9. Auxiliary screen
10. MS Time minute, second
11. H Data hold
12. High voltage mark, displays when voltage is higher than 24V

13. Timing measurement

6.4. Press Key

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 Figure 4
Press key Illustration
Press for more than 2 seconds to turn on/off the meter; and perform relative value measurement
for less than 2 seconds.
Press for more than 2 seconds to turn on/off the backlight, press for less than 2 seconds; and
perform data hold for less than 2 seconds
Press this key to select ground voltage or DC voltage measurement function
Press this key to select 10 Ω ground resistance measurement function. In the resistance
measurement function: press this key for more than 2 seconds to set the measurement time;
Press this key to select 100 Ω ground resistance measurement function. In the measurement
setting time; function: press this key to add the measurement time;

Press this key to select 1000Ω ground resistivity measurement function. In the measurement
time function: press this key to reduce the measurement time;

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 Press this key to start measurement once, it will hold the current measurement data after 1
minute by default, it can cancel the hold state if you measure continuously. it will also hold the
current measurement data if you turn off the measurement button before the time is up

6.5. Use the power adapter

Open the soft rubber door on the side of the instrument, and insert the special power adapter of the instrument
into the power socket (the instrument must be turned off when inserting or pulling out the special power
adapter; It is best to remove the battery when using a special power adapter).

Outlet of power adapter

Figure 5

7. Preparation before Measurement

7.1. Power-on
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To turn on the Instrument, press key for more than 2secondsto connect with the power.

To turn off the Instrument, press key for more than 2seconds to cut the power.
When being powered-on, the Instrument starts inner-self diagnose and displays power-on mark firstly, and
then undertakes relevant operations.
Note
Power-on: to guarantee correct power-on operation, cut off the power for 2seconds before restarting.
7.2. Automatic Power-off
The factory default sets that the Instrument will automatically power off if no operation is conducted within
10 minutes.
7.3. Turning on the Data hold/Backlight
After powering on, short press key to turn on the data hold, the instrument screen appears "H" character.

At the same time, the test data will latch, long press key for more than 2seconds to turn on the backlight,

long press key for more than 2seconds again to turn off the backlight.
7.4. Automatically Turning off the Backlight
The default value is 30seconds; the Instrument will turn off the backlight if Users does not turn off the
backlight within 30seconds.
7.5. Relative value measurement
Short press REL key for relative value measurement, resistance range can only be used this function at

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resistance measurement, apply to deduct the between two lines resistance value.
7.6. Measuring time setting
At resistance 10Ω/100Ω/1000Ω ranges, press key for more than 2 seconds to enter the time setting and

press key to increase the time, press key to decrease the time. The default value is 1 minute and the
maximum value is 3 minutes. After the setting is completed, press key for more than 2 seconds to exit
the setting.
Note:
1. When measuring or data holding, time setting cannot be carried out.
2. After the power is turned off, the time returns to the default value.
7.7. Low Battery Display
Mark displayed in the Screen after powering on means low battery, please replace with new ones and
then use.
Warning
To avoid electrical shock hazard or personnel injury due to wrong readings, replace the batteries as soon as
possible if the Screen displays mark; or charge the batteries if they are chargeable.
7.8. Connection of ground test wire/auxiliary grounding rod
Insert fully the ground test wire into the corresponding instrument jack respectively. Poor connection or
contact may cause error of test value. If measuring at disconnected wire state, the instruments display erre
indication. Before installing the auxiliary grounding rod, ensure that the auxiliary grounding rod is outside the
potential gradient range of the grounding electrode and the auxiliary grounding electrode. This condition is
usually satisfied by leaving a distance of 5-10m between the ground electrode and the auxiliary ground rod,
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and between the auxiliary ground rods.
7.9. Grounding resistance test requirements:
a. AC working grounding, grounding resistance should not be greater than 4Ω;
b. Safe working ground, grounding resistance should not be greater than 4Ω;
c. Dc working grounding, grounding resistance should be determined according to the specific requirements
of the computer system;
d. The grounding resistance of the lightning protection ground should not be greater than 10Ω.
e. If the shielding system is grounded jointly, the grounding resistance should not be greater than 1Ω

8. Starting Measurement
Ground resistance measurement (connection picture as shown in Figure 6)
Precision test (3 pole method)
Danger
When testing ground resistance, do not apply voltage between test terminals!
This method is a general grounding resistance test method. The test result of grounding resistance does not
include the auxiliary grounding resistance, including the resistance of the test wire for port E.
Grounding resistance ports applied: ports E, P, and C.
Voltage ports applied: V, E port.
The test wire corresponding to ports E, P, and C.
Auxiliary ground rods: 2pc, respectively connected to ports P and C.

(1) Display 3 POLE at the top of the screen;

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(2) Ground voltage test
Please press the button to select the ground voltage measurement, the ground object uses the red wire to
connect with V port, the auxiliary steel chisel uses the green wire to connect with E port (do not plug the test
wire for the other test terminals, and then connect the tested point, the LCD will display the measured value of
the ground voltage (Note: it is not necessary to press TEST key to measure the ground voltage), please
confirm that the ground voltage ≤10V, if the voltage is greater than 10V, it may cause wrong result, at this
moment, power off device applied to the tested grounding object to decrease the grounding voltage and then
test the grounding resistance again.

(3) Grounding entry and wiring of auxiliary grounding rod

Starting from the ground object to be measured, line up the auxiliary ground rod for port P and the auxiliary
ground rod for port C in a straight line and drive them deep into the earth. Starting from ports E, P and C of
the instrument, connect the test wire (green)(yellow)(red) in the order of the ground object to be measured,
auxiliary ground rod P and auxiliary ground rod C.

(4) Ground resistance test

Press 10Ω/100Ω / 1000Ω to select ground resistance range measuring and press Test.key The screen
displays "- - - -" during the test. After the test is complete, the screen displays the ground resistance RE value.
Note: In order to avoid the influence of inter-wire resistance on the measurement results, please short-circuit
the E\P\C three wire before measurement, to measure the resistance of the wire, and press REL button for
relative value measurement, so as to eliminate the influence of inter-wire resistance on the measurement
results.
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 Figure 6
Simple measurement-2-pole method (measuring with the supplied simple test line) (see Figure 7):
This method can perform when the auxiliary grounding nail is not convenient to use, Make an electrode using
an exposed object with low grounding resistance, such as metal sink, water pipe, power supply line public
ground, building grounding terminal, all can use the 2-wire type method (E and P&C terminal).
Wiring as shown in Figure 7:

Figure 7
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 Note
 If the auxiliary grounding resistance is too large, the display value may cause error. Please be careful
when driving auxiliary grounding rod P and C into a place with much moisture, and make sure that all
connecting parts are fully contacted.
 If you have to test in a place with dry or many small stones, and sand, please sprinkle water on the
ground entry part of the auxiliary ground rod to keep it fully wet.
 When testing on concrete, lay the auxiliary grounding rod flat and soak it in water or place it on the
auxiliary grounding rod with wet cloth or other for testing.
Danger
If a warning appears, do not perform measuring. A voltage more than 20V is applied to the port of the
instrument.
9. Instrument maintenance
This section provides some basic maintenance steps. Repair, calibration and maintenance of instruments not
included in the manual should be carried out by experienced personnel. For maintenance procedures not
covered in this manual, please contact our authorized service center.
9.1. General maintenance
· Clean regularly the outer shell of the instrument with a damp cloth and mild cleaner, do not use abrasive
and solvent.
· Please take out the battery when it is not used for a long time.
· Dirt or moisture on the wiring port can affect the reading.
9.2. Follow the below steps to clean the port:
(1). Power off the instrument and remove all test wires.
(2) Clean the dirt on the wiring port.
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(3).Clean each wiring ports with a new cotton swab soaked alcohol.
9.3. Replace the battery
This instrument uses eight LR6 (AA) alkaline batteries.
Warning
To avoid electric shock or personal injury:
·Remove the test wire from the instrument before open the battery cover.
·Tighten the screws on the battery cover before using the instrument.
Note
·Old and new batteries cannot be mixed.
·Pay attention to the battery direction during installation. And it should install in accordance with the polarity
direction marked in the battery box.
·Please take out the battery when it is not used for a long time.
·Dispose of waste batteries in accordance with local regulations.
Follow below steps to replace the battery:
(1). Turn off the instrument and disconnect the test wire.
(2) Remove the battery cover by a straight screw driver to turn the screw cover1/4 circle counter clockwise on
the battery cover.
(3) Replace the battery and install the battery cover. Turn the screw 1/4 circle clockwise on the battery cover
to tighten the battery cover.

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10. Appendix
10.1. Principle of testing ground resistance
The instrument uses potential drop method to measure grounding resistance.

A alternator G feeds current I through the ground electrode E(ground resistance RE) and the auxiliary ground
electrode RC (auxiliary ground resistance RC)
The voltage UE is detected and measured by the probe P through the ground resistance RE. Connect socket E
with socket ES of instrument each other by using what is called a three-wire circuit.
In a four-wire circuit, connect the socket ES with the ground electrode by use another cable .by this way, the
voltage drop of the cable between socket E and the grounding electrode is not measured. Due to the high
impedance of the voltage measuring circuit, the influence of the probe resistance RP is negligible within a

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certain limit.
Thus the ground resistance can be calculated:

And it has nothing to do with the auxiliary grounding electrode resistance RC. The generator operates at a
frequency between 70 and 140Hz.
It must keep no less than 5Hz interval with 16 2/3, 50 or 60Hz and a specified frequency between their
harmonics.

 The present operation instruction is subject to change without notice.

 The content of the operation instruction is regarded as correct. Whenever any user finds its mistakes,
omission, etc, he or she is requested to contact the manufacturer.
 The present manufacturer is not liable for any accident and hazard arising from the customer misuse or
inadvertent operation.
 The functions described in this operation instruction should not be used as grounds to apply this product
to a particular purpose.

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