Geography Project
Carlos Francisco Maldonado Sanchez
Saraí Gutiérrez Barrios
14/03/2023
1.º PALMORE, Geography
Distribution of world’s
population
The absolute population change is the magnitude of the increase or
decrease in population for a defined period. For example, if last year the
population of a city was 3,000 and this year the population has changed to
5,000, then the absolute increase in population is 3,000.
The Absolute population Is the total number of inhabitants counted in a
given area to which their birth rate is added and then their mortality rate is
subtracted to obtain a more accurate figure.
The number of the absolute population can be calculated statistically to
determine the number of individuals living in a region and even a country,
including its rural and urban areas, in order to predict behaviors.
In order to carry out this operation, the data of the selected population,
generally collected through census carried out by relevant institutions, are
required, which includes other related data such as the distribution and
growth of inhabitants of the sector in which they are carried out.
With this data it is possible to make graphs, calculations and metrics with
future projections, which allow a nation to attack or prevent social,
economic, poverty or health problems, among others.
To obtain the significant number of the absolute population, 4 vital
statistics must be taken into account, apart from the population census.
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These are the
increase by births
and the reduction
by death, in
annual
proportion, and
the two types of
Migratory flows .
The countries
with the most
absolute
population in the
world are China
with almost 1.4
billion inhabitants, and India with more than 1.2 billion. It is followed by
the United States and Indonesia with a population of about 300 million
inhabitants each.
Population Density
Population density is the concentration of individuals within a species in a
specific geographic locale. Population density data can be used to quantify
demographic information and to assess relationships with ecosystems,
human health, and infrastructure.
A population is a subgroup of individuals within the same species that are
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living and breeding within a geographic area. The number of individuals
living within that specific location determines the population density, or
the number of individuals divided by the size of the area.
Population density can be used to describe the location, growth, and
migration of many organisms. In the case of humans, population density is
often discussed in relation to urbanization, immigration, and population
demographics.
Globally, statistics related to population density are tracked by the United
Nations Statistics Division, and the United States Constitution requires
population
data to be
collected
every 10
years, an
operation
carried out
by the U.S.
Census
Bureau.
However,
data on human population density at the country level, and even at
regional levels, may not be very informative; society tends to form clusters
that can be surrounded by sparsely inhabited areas. Therefore, the most
useful data describes smaller, more discrete population centers.
Dense population clusters generally coincide with geographical locations
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often referred to as city, or as an urban or metropolitan area; sparsely
populated areas are often referred to as rural. These terms do not have
globally agreed upon definitions, but they are useful in general discussions
about population density and geographic location.
Population density data can be important for many related studies,
including studies of ecosystems and improvements to human health and
infrastructure. For example, the World Health Organization, the U.S.
Energy Information Administration, the U.S. Global Change Research
Program, and the U.S. Departments of Energy and Agriculture all use
population data from the U.S. Census or UN statistics to understand and
better predict resource use and health trends.
Concentration and distribution
of the population in Mexico and
the World
The Population Division of the United Nations estimated that in mid-2015
the world population was 7.3 billion. This is almost triple the 1950 value of
2.6 billion. As of 2015, both China and India have over 1 billion people.
Combined, this represents nearly 40 % of the total world population and,
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together with the rest of Asia, over 60 % of the global population (4.4
billion) live in this region of the world. The remaining people are
distributed across the rest of the world, with 16 % in Africa (1.2 billion), 10
% in Europe (738 million), 9 % in Latin America and the Caribbean (634
million) and the remaining 5 % in Northern America (358 million) and
Oceania (39 million).
In 2015, the ten most
populated countries in
the world were
located in Africa
(Nigeria), Asia
(Bangladesh, China,
India, Indonesia and
Pakistan), Latin
America (Brazil and
Mexico), Northern America (United States of America) and Europe (Russian
Federation). By 2050, six of these countries are expected to exceed 300
million: China, India, Indonesia, Nigeria, Pakistan and the United States of
America.
According to UN estimates, the human population on Earth is projected to
increase by 50 % by 2100, stabilizing at about 11.2 billion2. Recent analysis
of these data, however, suggest that a stabilization of the world population
this century is highly unlikely4. It is estimated that there is an 80 %
probability that the range of increase will in fact be between 9.6 billion and
12.3 billion by 2100. Regardless of the actual figure, it is clear that Earth’s
population is growing to unprecedented levels.
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Social and Economic Effects of
Population Growth
It is found that economic development is slow where the population is
increasing at a faster rate. According to geographical conditions, available
means and resources, productivity rate and available cultivable land, the
population growth rate is a great problem. Population problem means the
problem of fulfilling the basic needs like housing, food. Thus, the rapid
population growth directly
affects the economic, social
and environmental
development of a country.
Education is an important
need for everyone.
Knowledge, skill and
technology can be
developing through the
media of education. The
skilled and specialized
manpower is produced. It
creates social, cultural and political awareness in people and makes them
advanced. It helps in the complete development of man.
But the high growth rate of population has had an adverse effect n the
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development of education.
There is continuous increase in school and campus going students due to
the increase in population. The number of schools, teachers and physical
facilities are to be increased in the population to the increase in the
number of students. Availability of reading books and educational
materials and many other things are necessary for the quality education.
Such are challenge to our country. The obstacles for quality education are
the increase in population.
A human being has many needs. He/she has to work hard to earn money to
fulfill all these needs. The main source of income is employment.
Employment helps a person to develop his/her personality and skill. It also
provides the solution to financial problems faced by people to fulfill their
fundamental needs. Unemployment causes economic problems along with
social, political and psychological evils. Most of the active people in Nepal
are going aboard in search of jobs. Rapid population growth creates
problems of unemployment because manpower increases with the
increase in population. It is not possible to provide job to all the people
because government has limited resources and means and so it can create
only limited opportunities.
Educated people have not got job according to their qualifications.
Agriculture is the main source of employment in our country but now
agriculture land is decreasing due to human settlements. The soil has loss
its fertility and people are now migrating from hills to terai. Due to this, the
Terai has become over crowded. Thus, control of population and its
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management is only the solution of this problem.
