SMIF2e Sol 4A01 C
SMIF2e Sol 4A01 C
1 一元二次方程(一)
起點 題解 (第 2 頁)
試做 6
1. 闊度 = (a) x2 + 4x 5 = (x + 5)(x 1)
= (10 – x) m (b) 5x2 + 9x 4 = (5x2 9x + 4)
= (5x 4)(x 1)
2. x(10 – x) = 25
熱身練習 題解 (第 6 頁)
基礎知識 題解 (第 3 頁)
試做 1 1. (a) =8
(a) ∵ ( 6 )2 = ( 6 )2 = 36
(b) = –9
∴ 36 的平方根是 ( 6 ) 及 ( 6 )。
(c) = 15
(b) = ( 4.69 )(準確至三位有效數字)
= ( 4.69 )(準確至三位有效數字)
2. (a) = 5.92(準確至三位有效數字)
試做 2 (b) = –7.55(準確至三位有效數字)
(c) = –11.8(準確至三位有效數字)
x=
3. 當 x = –2 時,
= y = 3(–2)2 – 5(–2) + 2
=3 = 12 + 10 + 2
= 24
試做 3
(a) 6x2 9x = 3x(2x 3) 4. 當 a = 5 及 b = 8 時,
(b) (x 3)(x + 2)+ 2x(x 3)
= (x 3)[(x + 2) + 2x]
A=
= (x 3)(3x + 2)
= 20
試做 4
5. 當 a = 2、b = 7 及 c = 3 時,
(a) x2 25 = x2 52
d = (7)2 – 4(2)(3)
= (x + 5)(x 5)
= 49 – 24
(b) x2 4x + 4 = x2 2(x)(2) + 22
= 25
= (x 2)2
(c) 9x2 + 24x + 16 = (3x)2 + 2(3x)(4) + 42
6. (a) x2 + 7x = x(x + 7)
= (3x + 4)2
(b) 10x2 – 6x = 2x(5x – 3)
(c) 2x(2x – 1) – (2x – 1)(x + 5) = (2x – 1)[2x – (x + 5)]
試做 5
= (2x – 1)(2x – x – 5)
x2 + kx 2x 2k = x(x + k) 2(x + k)
= (2x – 1)(x – 5)
= (x + k)(x 2)
(d) (x – 3)(3x + 1) + (3x + 1)(x + 7)
= (3x + 1)[(x – 3) + (x + 7)]
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(b) x2 – 3x 28 = (x + 4)(x 7)
x = –1 或 x =
(c) 4x2 + 8x + 3 = (2x + 1)(2x + 3)
(d) 6x2 7x + 2 = (3x 2)(2x 1)
11. (2x + 9)(x – 4) = 0
2x + 9 = 0 或 x–4 =0
9. (a) 2x2 + 7x 5 = (2x2 7x + 5)
9
= (2x – 5)(x 1) −
2
(b) 4x2 – 4x + 15 = (4x2 + 4x 15) x = 或 x =4
= (2x + 5)(2x 3)
(c) 9x 18 x 2
= x2 + 9x 18 12. (3x + 1)(3x – 1) = 0
= (x 9x + 18)
2 3x + 1 = 0 或 3x – 1 = 0
= (x 3)(x 6) 1 1
−
(d) 5 18x + 21x = 18x + 21x 5
2 2 3 3
x = 或 x=
= (18x2 21x + 5)
= (6x 5)(3x 1)
13. x2 – 8x = 0
x(x – 8) = 0
練習 題解 x =0 或 x–8=0
練習 1.1 (第 12 頁) x =0 或 x=8
2
1. x + 2x – 3 = (x – 1)(x + 3)
14. 5x2 + x = 0
2. x2 + 5x + 6 = (x + 2)(x + 3) x(5x + 1) = 0
x =0 或 5x + 1 = 0
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23. 5x2 – 3x – 14 = 0
x =0 或 x=
(x – 2)(5x + 7) = 0
x–2 =0 或 5x + 7 = 0
15. x2 – 6x – 7 = 0
(x – 7)(x + 1) = 0
x–7 =0 或 x+1 =0 x =2 或 x =
x =7 或 x = –1
2
16. x – 8x + 15 = 0
(x – 5)(x – 3) = 0 24. 6x2 + 15x – 9 = 0
x–5 =0 或 x–3 =0 2x2 + 5x – 3 = 0
x =5 或 x =3 (x + 3)(2x – 1) = 0
x+3 =0 或 2x – 1 = 0
2
17. x + 4x – 12 = 0
(x – 2)(x + 6) = 0
x = –3 或 x =
x–2 =0 或 x+6 =0
x =2 或 x = –6
25. x2 – 36 = 0
x2 – 62 = 0
2
18. x + 9x + 18 = 0
(x + 6)(x – 6) = 0
(x + 3)(x + 6) = 0
x+6 =0 或 x–6 =0
x+3 =0 或 x+6 =0
x = –6 或 x =6
x = –3 或 x = –6
26. 4x2 – 25 = 0
19. 2x2 – x – 1 = 0
(2x)2 – 52 = 0
(x – 1)(2x + 1) = 0
(2x + 5)(2x – 5) = 0
x–1 =0 或 2x + 1 = 0
2x + 5 = 0 或 2x – 5 = 0
1
−
2
x =1 或 x =
x = 或 x=
x =2 或 x= 29. 5x2 – 45 = 0
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5(x2 – 9) = 0
5(x2 – 32) = 0
∴x= (二重根)
5(x + 3)(x – 3) = 0
x+3 =0 或 x–3 =0
35. 2x2 = 15 – 7x
x = –3 或 x =3
2x2 + 7x – 15 = 0
(x + 5)(2x – 3) = 0
x+5 =0 或 2x – 3 = 0
3
2
x = –5 或 x =
x = –7 或 x = –7 (x – 4)(5x – 2) = 0
∴ x = –7(二重根) x–4 =0 或 5x – 2 = 0
31. –x2 – 6x = 0 x =4 或 x =
–x(x + 6) = 0
x =0 或 x+6 =0
x =0 或 x = –6
37. (a) x2 + x – =0
2
4x + 4x – 3 = 0
32. –x2 + 10x – 25 = 0
–(x2 – 10x + 25) = 0
–[x2 – 2(x)(5) + 52]= 0 (b) x2 + x – =0
2
–(x – 5)(x – 5) = 0 4x + 4x – 3 = 0
x–5=0 或 x–5 =0 (2x – 1)(2x + 3) = 0
x=5 或 x =5 2x – 1 = 0 或 2x + 3 = 0
∴ x = 5(二重根)
x= 或 x=
33. x + 2x2 – 3 = 0
2x2 + x – 3 = 0
(x – 1)(2x + 3) = 0
38. x2 – 3x =
x–1 =0 或 2x + 3 = 0
x2 – 3x + =0
x =1 或 x =
4x2 – 12x + 9 = 0
(2x)2 – 2(2x)(3) + 32 = 0
34. 4 + 25x2 – 20x = 0
(2x – 3)(2x – 3) = 0
25x2 – 20x + 4 = 0
2x – 3 = 0 或 2x – 3 = 0
(5x)2 – 2(5x)(2) + 22 = 0
(5x – 2)(5x – 2) = 0
5x – 2 = 0 或 5x – 2 = 0 x= 或 x=
x= 或 x= ∴x= (二重根)
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39. x(x + 1) = 42
x2 + x = 42 45. x(x + 9) = x
2
x + x – 42 = 0 x(x + 9) – x = 0
(x – 6)(x + 7) = 0 x(x + 9 – 1) = 0
x–6 =0 或 x+7 =0 x(x + 8) = 0
x =6 或 x = –7 x =0 或 x+8 =0
x =0 或 x = –8
2
40. 5(x + 1) = 26x
5x2 + 5 = 26x 46. x2 = x(3x – 1)
5x2 – 26x + 5 = 0 x2 – x(3x – 1) = 0
(x – 5)(5x – 1) = 0 x[x – (3x – 1)] = 0
x–5 =0 或 5 x–1 =0 x(1 – 2x) = 0
1 x =0 或 1 – 2x = 0
5
x =5 或 x =
x =0 或 x=
41. 3x(x + 2) – 8 = 16
3x2 + 6x – 8 = 16 47. (m – 1)2 = (m – 1)(3m + 2)
2 2
3x + 6x – 24 = 0 (m – 1) – (m – 1)(3m + 2) = 0
2
x + 2x – 8 = 0 (m – 1)[(m – 1) – (3m + 2)] = 0
(x + 4)(x – 2) = 0 (m – 1)(m – 1 – 3m – 2) = 0
x+4 =0 或 x–2 =0 –(m – 1)(2m + 3) = 0
x = –4 或 x =2 m–1 =0 或 2m + 3 = 0
3
−
42. (x – 3)(x + 3) = 40 2
m =1 或 m =
x2 – 9 = 40
x2 – 49 = 0
48. (5k – 1)(k + 6) = (k – 4)(k + 6)
x2 – 72 = 0
(5k – 1)(k + 6) – (k – 4)(k + 6) = 0
(x + 7)(x – 7) = 0
(k + 6)[(5k – 1) – (k – 4)] = 0
x+7 =0 或 x–7 =0
(k + 6)(5k – 1 – k + 4) = 0
x = –7 或 x =7
(k + 6)(4k + 3) = 0
k+6 =0 或 4k + 3 = 0
43. (x + 4)2 = 18x 3
−
x2 + 8x + 16 = 18x 4
k = –6 或 k=
x2 – 10x + 16 = 0
(x – 2)(x – 8) = 0
49. (m + 2)(4m – 1) = 4m + 8
x–2 =0 或 x–8 =0
(m + 2)(4m – 1) = 4(m + 2)
x =2 或 x =8
(m + 2)(4m – 1) – 4(m + 2) = 0
(m + 2)[(4m – 1) – 4] = 0
44. (a + 5)(3a + 5) = a – 5
(m + 2)(4m – 5) = 0
3a2 + 15a + 5a + 25 = a – 5
m+2=0 或 4m – 5 = 0
3a2 + 19a + 30 = 0
(a + 3)(3a + 10) = 0
a+3 =0 或 3a + 10 = 0 m = –2 或 m=
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x =
k=5 或 k= x = ±9
51. (x + 2k)(x – k) = x – k 6. x2 = 10
(x + 2k)(x – k) – (x – k) = 0
x =
(x – k)[(x + 2k) – 1] = 0
(x – k)(x + 2k – 1) = 0 7. 2x2 = 18
x–k=0 或 x + 2k – 1 = 0 x2 = 9
x=k 或 x = 1 – 2k
x =
c d b = –(c + d) 9. (x – 6)2 = 4
1 12 –13 ±√ 4
x–6 =
2 6 –8 x – 6 = 2 或 –2
3 4 –7 x =8 或 4
–1 –12 13
10. (x + 2)2 = 49
–2 –6 8
–3 –4 7 x+2 =
x + 2 = 7 或 –7
∴ b 的可能值是 –7、–8、–13、7、8 和 13。
x = 5 或 –9
(任何兩個)
11. (x – 3)2 = 2
練習 1.2 (第 21 頁)
1. 3x2 – 5 = x ±√ 2
x–3 =
2
3x – x – 5 = 0
∴ a = 3、b = –1 及 c = –5
3±√2
x =
2. 9 + 2x = x2
12. (x + 1)2 = 5
2
x – 2x – 9 = 0
∴ a = 1、b = –2 及 c = –9
±√ 5
x+1 =
3. x(x + 8) = 6x – 7 x =
x2 + 8x = 6x – 7
x2 + 2x + 7 = 0
( )
2
1
∴ a = 1、b = 2 及 c = 7 x−
2
13. = 16
4. (x – 1)(x + 2) = 1 – 4x
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課本練習詳解
1
2 ±√ 16
x– = x= 或
1 x =4 或 3
2
x– =4 或 –4
17. x2 + 8x + 16 = 0
1 1
+4
2 2
x = 或 –4
9 7 x=
−
2 2
x = 或
x=
( x + 25 )
2
x = –4(二重根)
14. = 64
18. 2x2 – 9x + 9 = 0
2
+
5 ±√ 64 −(−9)±√(−9)2−4(2)(9)
x =
2(2)
2 x=
+
5 9± √9
x =8 或 –8
4
2 2 x=
− +8 −
5 5 9+3 9−3
x = 或 –8
4 4
38 42 x= 或
−
5 5 3
x = 或
2
x=3 或
19. 10x2 – x – 3 = 0
−(−1)± √(−1)2−4(10)(−3)
2(10)
x=
16. x2 – 7x + 12 = 0
x=
x=
x=
x=
x= (二重根)
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21. x2 – x – 1 = 0
x=
−(−1)± √(−1)2−4(1)(−1)
2(1)
x=
x= (或 )
1±√ 5
2
x= 27. x2 + 8x + 5= 0
−8± √8 2−4(1)(5)
22. x2 + 6x + 2= 0 2(1)
x =
−8± √ 44
x= 2
x =
−8+ √ 44 −8− √ 44
x= (或 ) 2 2
x = 或
∴ x = –0.683 或 –7.32
23. x2 – 7x + 13 = 0
(準確至三位 (準確至三位
有效數字) 有效數字)
x=
28. x2 – 6x – 10= 0
−(−6)±√(−6)2−4(1)(−10)
x= 2(1)
x=
由於 不是實數,因此這方程沒有實根。 6± √76
2
x=
24. 2x2 + 5x – 2 = 0
6+ √ 76 6− √76
−5± √52 −4(2)(−2) 2 2
2(2) x= 或
x= ∴ x = 7.36 或 –1.36
−5± √ 41 (準確至三位 (準確至三位
4 有效數字) 有效數字)
x=
29. 2x2 – 7x + 1 = 0
25. 3x2 – 9x + 8 = 0
−(−7)±√(−7)2−4(2)(1)
2(2)
x=
x=
7± √ 41
4
x=
x=
7+ √ 41 7− √ 41
由於 不是實數,因此這方程沒有實根。
4 4
x= 或
∴ x = 3.35 或 0.149
(準確至三位 (準確至三位
有效數字) 有效數字)
26. –4x2 + 2x + 1= 0
4x2 – 2x – 1 = 0
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課本練習詳解
(x – 6)2 = 49
x – 6 = ±7
x =6±7
30. 2
3x + 4x – 5 = 0 x =6+7 或 6–7
−4±√ 4 2 −4(3)(−5) x = 13 或 –1
2(3)
x=
−4±√ 76
6 35. 9(2t + 1)2 = 16
x=
−4 + √76 −4−√ 76
6 6 (2t + 1)2 =
x= 或
∴ x = 0.786 或 x = –2.12
2t + 1 =
(準確至三位 (準確至三位
有效數字) 有效數字)
2t + 1 = 或
2
31. (2x – 7) = 3
±√ 3 2t = –1 或 –1
2x – 7 =
±√ 3 2t = 或
2x = 7
7± √3
2 t = 或
x =
(x + 3)2 =
√
x2 =
49
±
4
x+3 =
x=
x = 或
x=
x = 或
x= (或 )
2
34. 3(x – 6) = 147
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x2 – 3x + 4x – 12 = 2
39. x2 – 4x + =0 x2 + x – 14 = 0
2
4x – 16x + 15 = 0 −1±√ 12 −4(1)(−14)
x = 2(1)
−1±√ 57
x= 2
x =
x= 44. (x + 8)(x + 3) = 3x + 1
2
x + 8x + 3x + 24 = 3x + 1
x= 或 x2 + 8x + 23 = 0
x= 或 x =
5 x =
40. x = – 8 x2
40x = –25x2 – 16 由於 不是實數,因此這方程沒有實根。
25x2 + 40x + 16 = 0
45. (2y + 1)2 = 16(2y + 1)
−40±√ 402 −4(25 )(16)
4y2 + 4y + 1 = 32y + 16
x = 2(25 )
4y2 – 28y – 15 = 0
−40±√ 0
x =50
4
− y =
x = 5 (二重根)
41. 2x(3 – x) = 9 y =
2
6x – 2x = 9
2
2x – 6x + 9 = 0
y = 或
−(−6)±√(−6)2−4(2)(9)
x = 2(2)
y = 或
6± √−36
x = 4
46. (a – 1)2 + (a + 3)2 = 20
由於 不是實數,因此這方程沒有實根。 a2 – 2a + 1 + a2 + 6a + 9 = 20
2a2 + 4a – 10 = 0
42. 3x(x + 2) + x = 6 a2 + 2a – 5 = 0
3x2 + 6x + x = 6 −2±√ 22 −4(1)(−5)
2
3x + 7x – 6 = 0
2(1)
a =
x= −2±√ 24
2 −1± √6
a = (或 )
x=
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課本練習詳解
k2 – k – 132 = 0
2 2
48. (x – m) = 9m (k – 12)(k + 11) = 0
2
(x – m) = (3m) 2
k – 12 = 0 或 k + 11 = 0
x – m = ±3m k = 12 或 k = –11(捨去)
x = m ± 3m
x = m + 3m 或 m – 3m 4. 1 + 2 + 3 + … + k = 105
x = 4m 或 –2m 1
2
k(k + 1) = 105
49. 2(x + 1)2 = d
k(k + 1) = 210
k2 + k = 210
2
(x + 1)2 = k + k – 210 = 0
(k – 14)(k + 15) = 0
k – 14 = 0 或 k + 15 = 0
x+1 =
k = 14 或 k = –15(捨去)
x = –1 ±
x = –1 + 或 –1 –
5. 設該數為 x。
x + x2 = 42
x2 + x – 42 = 0
d
x = –1 + x = –1 – (x – 6)(x + 7) = 0
x–6 =0 或 x+7 =0
2 0 –2
x =6 或 x = –7
8 1 –3
∴ 該數的所有可能值是 6 和 –7。
18 2 –4
2. 當該石頭回到地面時,h = 0。
10x – 5x2 = 0 7. 設較小的數為 x,
5x = 10 x2 + x = 132
x =2 x2 + x – 132 = 0
3. k2 – k + 1 = 133 x = 11 或 x = –12
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中學數學新思維(第二版)4A 冊 第 1 章
當 x = 11 時,x + 1 = 11 + 1 = 12 −(−7)±√(−7)2−4(2)(−6)
當 x = –12 時,x + 1 = –12 + 1 = –11
x = 2(2)
∴ 該兩個數是 11 和 12 或 –11 和 –12。
7± √97
4
∴
x =
8. ∵ 平行四邊形 PQRS 的面積= 36 cm2 x = 4.21 或 –0.712(捨去)
∴ x(x – 5) = 36 (準確至三位 (準確至三位
x2 – 5x = 36 有效數字) 有效數字)
(x – 9)(x + 4) = 0
x–9 =0
x =9
或
或
x+4 =0
x = –4(捨去) 13. (a) 該長方形的闊 =
(242 −x )cm
= (12 – x) cm
9. ∵ △ABC 的面積 = 12 cm2 (b) x(12 – x) = 27
12x – x2 = 27
x2 – 12x + 27 = 0
∴ x(x + 2) = 12 (x – 9)(x – 3) = 0
x(x + 2) = 24 x–9=0 或 x–3 =0
x2 + 2x = 24 x=9 或 x =3
2
x + 2x – 24 = 0
(x – 4)(x + 6) = 0 當 x = 9 時,12 – x = 12 – 9 = 3
x–4 =0 或 x+6 =0 當 x = 3 時,12 – x = 12 – 3 = 9
x =4 或 x = –6(捨去) ∵長>闊
∴ 捨去 x = 3。
x2 – 20x = 2400
該長方形的闊 =
(182 −x)cm
x2 – 20x – 2400 = 0
= (9 – x) cm
(x – 60)(x + 40) = 0 x(9 – x) = 15
x – 60 = 0 或 x + 40 = 0 9x – x2 = 15
x = 60 或 x = –40(捨去) 2
x – 9x + 15 = 0
當 x = 60 時,x – 20 = 60 – 20 = 40
∴ 該海報的長及闊分別為 60 cm 及 40 cm。
x =
11. 設該禮堂裏的座位行數為 x,
則每行座位的數目 = x + 6。 x = 或 (捨去)
x = 6.79(準確至三位有效數字)
∴ 該長方形的長是 6.79 cm。
x(x + 6) = 216
2
x + 6x = 216
2
x + 6x – 216 = 0
(x – 12)(x + 18) = 0 15. 設較大的偶數為 x,
x – 12 = 0 或 x + 18 = 0 則較小的偶數 = x – 2。
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課本練習詳解
( ) 33 x2 – 3x + 1 = 0
−
4
當x= 時,4x = 4 = –33
x =
∴ 原來的兩個數是 2 和 8 或 和 –33。
x = 或 (捨去)
x = 0.382(準確至三位有效數字)
(x – 2)(2x – 5) = 0 =6m
x–2 =0 或 2x – 5 = 0 該花圃的闊
x =2 或 x = 2.5 = (8 – 2x) m
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中學數學新思維(第二版)4A 冊 第 1 章
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課本練習詳解
3. 2x2 – 9x – 5 = 0 x + 9 = ±6
(x – 5)(2x + 1) = 0 x = –9 ± 6
x–5 =0 或 2x + 1 = 0 x = –9 + 6 或 –9 – 6
x = –3 或 –15
x =5 或 x =
x = –3 或 x=
x = ±5
5. 9x2 – 12x + 4 = 0
(3x)2 – 2(3x)(2) + 22 = 0 = 或
(3x – 2)(3x – 2) = 0
3x – 2 = 0 或 3x – 2 = 0
= 或
x = 或 x= 11. x2 + x – 1 = 0
−1±√ 12 −4(1)(−1)
∴x= (二重根) 2(1)
x =
−1±√ 5
6. 6x2 – 7x – 20 = 0
2
(3x + 4)(2x – 5) = 0 =
3x + 4 = 0 或 2x – 5 = 0
12. x2 – 2x + 2 = 0
x = 或 x = −(−2)±√(−2)2 −4(1)(2)
7. 20x2 = 5 2(1)
x =
5
2±√ −4
20
2
x = 2
=
由於
√−4 不是實數,因此這方程沒有實根。
x2 =
x =
±
√ 1
4
13. 2x2 + 13x + 6= 0
1
±
2
x = x=
8. (x – 4)2 = 7 x=
±√ 7
x–4 = x= 或
4± √7
x = x= 或 –6
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中學數學新思維(第二版)4A 冊 第 1 章
∴ x = 3.63 或 0.367
(準確至三位 (準確至三位
x= 有效數字) 有效數字)
x= (或 ) 19. –x2 + 7x + 30 = 0
x2 – 7x – 30 = 0
2
15. x + 9x – 4= 0 (x + 3)(x – 10) = 0
x+3=0 或 x – 10 = 0
x= x = –3 或 x = 10
x= 20. 2x2 – 18 – 9x = 0
2x2 – 9x – 18 = 0
或
∴
x= (x – 6)(2x + 3) = 0
x = 0.424 或 –9.42
x–6 =0 或 2x + 3 = 0
(準確至三位 (準確至三位
有效數字) 有效數字)
x =6 或 x =
16. x2 – 7x + 8 = 0
−(−7)±√(−7)2−4(1)(8) 21. 8x2 = 15 – 19x
或
∴
x=
x = –3 或 x =
x = 5.56 或 1.44
(準確至三位 (準確至三位
有效數字) 有效數字) 22. x = 2(2 – x2)
x = 4 – 2x2
17. 4x2 – 5x – 2= 0 2x2 + x – 4 = 0
x=
x =
x=
=
或
∴
x=
x = 1.57 或 –0.319
23. ∵ △PQR 的面積 = 60 cm2
(準確至三位 (準確至三位
有效數字) 有效數字)
∴ × 2x × (4x – 1)= 60
x(4x – 1) = 60
18. 3x2 – 12x + 4 = 0 4x2 – x = 60
4x2 – x – 60 = 0
(x – 4)(4x + 15) = 0
x =
x–4 =0 或 4x + 15 = 0
x =
x =4 或 x= (捨去)
x = 或 24. 設較大的數為 x,
A.16 © 教育出版社
課本練習詳解
則較小的數 = 2x – 7。
x(2x – 7) = –6
2x2 – 7x = –6 x=
2x2 – 7x + 6 = 0
(x – 2)(2x – 3) = 0 x=
x–2 =0 或 2x – 3 = 0
x=
x =2 或 x =
當 x = 2 時,2x – 7 = 2(2) – 7 = –3
x−9
4
28. x2 =
當x= 時,2x – 7 = 2 –7 = –4 4x2 = x – 9
∴ 該兩個數是 –3 和 2 或 –4 和 1.5。 4x2 – x + 9 = 0
−(−1)± √(−1)2−4(4)(9)
25. 92 – (9 – x)2 = 32
2(4)
81 – (81 – 18x + x2) = 32 x =
1±√−143
2
81 – 81 + 18x – x = 32
x2 – 18x + 32 = 0 8
=
(x – 2)(x – 16) = 0
x–2 =0 或 x – 16 = 0
由於
√−143 不是實數,因此這方程沒有實根。
x =2 或 x = 16(捨去)
29. k(6k + 7) + 2 = 0
26. 設該花園的闊為 x m,
6k2 + 7k + 2 = 0
則該花園的長 = (x + 12) m。
(2k + 1)(3k + 2) = 0
x(x + 12) = 200
2k + 1 = 0 或 3k + 2 = 0
x2 + 12x = 200
1 2
x2 + 12x – 200 = 0 − −
2 3
k = 或 k =
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中學數學新思維(第二版)4A 冊 第 1 章
x+3 =0 或 10x – 9 = 0
m =
±
81
4 √ (x + a)(2x – a) – (x + a) = 0
(x + a)[(2x – a) – 1] = 0
9 (x + a)(2x – a – 1) = 0
±
2 x+a =0 或 2x – a – 1 = 0
m =
7
5 6 – 7k + 3k2 = +6
y = –3 或 y =
6 – 7k + 3k2 =
35. (a) 把 x = –3 代入 px2 – 7x + 9 = 0。
p(–3)2 – 7(–3) + 9 = 0
39. 設較小的奇數為 x,
9p + 21 + 9 = 0
則較大的奇數 = x + 2。
9p = –30
x2 + (x + 2)2 = 5x(x + 2) – 5
x2 + x2 + 4x + 4 = 5x2 + 10x – 5
p= 3x2 + 6x – 9 = 0
(b) 由 (a),該二次方程是 x2 + 2x – 3 = 0
(x + 3)(x – 1) = 0
x+3 =0 或 x–1 =0
x2 – 7x + 9 = 0。
x = –3 或 x =1
當 x = –3 時,x + 2 = –3 + 2 = –1
x2 – 7x + 9 = 0 當 x = 1 時,x + 2 = 1 + 2 = 3
–10x2 – 21x + 27 = 0
∴ 該兩個數是 –3 和 –1 或 1 和 3。
10x2 + 21x – 27 = 0
(x + 3)(10x – 9) = 0
40. 512 = 242 + (30 – 3x)2 (畢氏定理)
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課本練習詳解
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中學數學新思維(第二版)4A 冊 第 1 章
4 1 ∴ 答案是 C。
−
3 2
x = 或 x =
∴ 答案是 C。
51. (2x + k)2 = k2
2x + k = k
2x = – k k
46. (x + 2)2 = 9
2x = 0 或 –2k
x + 2 = ±3
x =0 或 –k
∴ 答案是 C。
x = –2 ± 3
= –2 + 3 或 –2 – 3
=1 或 –5
∴ 答案是 D。
52. ∵ r 為方程 3x2 – 2x – 7 = 0 的一個根。
∴ 3r2 – 2r – 7 = 0
–6r2 + 4r + 14 = 0
4r – 6r2 = –14
∴ 答案是 B。
47. x2 – 3x = k
53. 該長方形的長 = (2x + 5) cm
x2 – 3x – k = 0
x2 + (2x + 5)2= 182 (畢氏定理)
−(−3)±√(−3)2 −4(1)(−k ) x2 + (2x + 5)2= 324
∴ 答案是 B。
2(1)
x=
3±√ 9+ 4 k
2 公開試題目 (第 36 頁)
x=
∴ 答案是 A。
1. 3
48. (x – 1)(x + 5) = 7
附加例題 題解
x2 – x + 5x – 5 = 7 附加例題 (第 5 頁)
2
x + 4x – 12 = 0 (a) 2
x – 3x + 2 = (x – 1)(x – 2)
(x + 6)(x – 2) = 0 (b) 7x2 – 11x – 6 = (x – 2)(7x + 3)
x+6 =0 或 x–2 =0 (c) 6 + x – 2x2 = –2x2 + x + 6
x = –6 或 x =2 = –(2x2 – x – 6)
∴ 答案是 A。 = –(x – 2)(2x + 3)
A.20 © 教育出版社
課本練習詳解
2x – 3 = 0 或 5x – 3 = 0 2x2 + 12x – 14 = 0
x2 + 6x – 7 = 0
x= 或 x= (x – 1)(x + 7) = 0
x–1 =0 或 x+7=0
例 1.2A (第 9 頁) x =1 或 x = –7
2
(a) x – 64 = 0
x2 – 82 = 0 例 1.5A (第 11 頁)
(x + 8)(x – 8) = 0 (a) x = x(2x + 5)
x+8 =0 或 x–8=0 x(2x + 5) – x = 0
x = –8 或 x=8 x(2x + 5 – 1) = 0
x(2x + 4) = 0
2x(x + 2) = 0
x =0 或 x+2=0
x =0 或 x = –2
(b) x2 + 18x + 81 = 0
x2 + 2(x)(9) + 92 = 0 (b) (4x – 1)(x + 3) = x + 3
(x + 9)(x + 9) = 0 (4x – 1)(x + 3) – (x + 3) = 0
x+9 =0 或 x+9=0 (x + 3)[(4x – 1) – 1] = 0
x = –9 或 x = –9 (x + 3)(4x – 2) = 0
∴ x = –9(二重根) 2(x + 3)(2x – 1) = 0
(c) 100x2 – 20x + 1 = 0 x+3 =0 或 2x – 1 = 0
(10x)2 – 2(10x)(1) + 12 = 0
(10x – 1)(10x – 1) = 0
x = –3 或 x=
10x – 1 = 0 或 10x – 1 = 0
例 1.6A (第 14 頁)
x= 或 x=
(a) (x – 4)2 = 25
x= 或 x = –4
2
x=
(b) 13x = 9x – 10
9x2 – 13x – 10 = 0
例 1.7A (第 15 頁)
(x – 2)(9x + 5) = 0 2
49(x + 1) = 36
x–2 =0 或 9x + 5 = 0
(x + 1)2 =
x =2 或 x=
例 1.4A (第 10 頁) x+1 =±
2x(x + 6) – 5 = 9
2x2 + 12x – 5 = 9
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中學數學新思維(第二版)4A 冊 第 1 章
x+1 = 或 x= (二重根)
例 1.10A (第 20 頁)
x= –1 或 –1
(x – 1)(2x + 3) = –4
2x2 + x – 3 = –4
x= 或 2x2 + x + 1 = 0
例 1.8A (第 18 頁)
2
x=
(a) x + 7x – 18 = 0
x=
x=
由於 不是實數,因此這方程沒有實根。
x= 例 1.11A (第 24 頁)
設較小的數為 x,
x= 或 則較大的數 = x + 2。
x =2 或 –9 x(x + 2) = 168
x2 + 2x = 168
x2 + 2x – 168 = 0
(x – 12)(x + 14) = 0
x – 12 = 0 或 x + 14 = 0
(b) 4x2 – 20x + 25 = 0 x = 12 或 x = –14(捨去)
較大的數 = 12 + 2
= 14
x=
∴ 該兩個數是 12 及 14。
例 1.12A (第 24 頁)
x= 陰影區域的面積
= 正方形 ABCD 的面積 長方形 CRPQ 的面積
x= (二重根) = [92 – (9 – x)(2x)] cm2
(c) 5x2 – x – 3 = 0 = (81 – 18x + 2x2) cm2
∵ 面積 = 60 cm2
∴ 81 – 18x + 2x2 = 60
x=
2x2 – 18x + 21 = 0
x=
x=
例 1.9A (第 19 頁)
x= 或 (捨去)
x2 + 3x + =0
x = 1.38(準確至三位有效數字)
4x2 + 12x + 9 = 0
例 1.13A (第 25 頁)
x= (18 – 3x) + (24 + x) = 324 – 108x + 9x + 576 + 48x + x2
2 2 2
A.22 © 教育出版社
課本練習詳解
設 OL = x m, x2 – 52 = 0
則 OC = (x – 240) m。 (x + 5)(x – 5) = 0
(捨去) x= 或 x =
x = 745(準確至三位有效數字)
∴ 誠軒的家與圖書館之間的距離是 745 m。 ∴x= (二重根)
試做 題解
試做 1.3 (第 10 頁)
試做 1.1 (第 9 頁)
2
(a) x – 5 + 6x = 0
(a) x2 – 7x = 0
6x2 + x – 5 = 0
x(x – 7) = 0
(x + 1)(6x – 5) = 0
x =0 或 x–7 =0
x+1 =0 或 6x – 5 = 0
x =0 或 x =7
(b) x2 + 2x – 8 = 0
(x + 4)(x – 2) = 0 x = –1 或 x=
x+4=0 或 x–2 =0 (b) 11x = 6 + 4x 2
x = –4 或 x =2 2
4x – 11x + 6 = 0
(c) 2x2 – 5x – 3 = 0 (4x – 3)(x – 2) = 0
(x – 3)(2x + 1) = 0 4x – 3 = 0 或 x–2=0
x–3=0 或 2x + 1 = 0
x= 或 x=2
x=3 或 x=
(d) 6x2 – 13x + 6 = 0
試做 1.4 (第 11 頁)
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中學數學新思維(第二版)4A 冊 第 1 章
x(2x + 3) – 12 = x
(b) (2x + 5)2 = 3
2x2 + 3x – 12 = x
2x2 + 2x – 12 = 0 2x + 5 =
x2 + x – 6 = 0
(x + 3)(x – 2) = 0 2x =
x+3 =0 或 x–2 =0
x = –3 或 x =2
x=
試做 1.5 (第 11 頁)
試做 1.7 (第 15 頁)
(a) x(x + 7) = 2x 2
4(x + 3) = 9
x(x + 7) – 2x = 0
x(x + 7 – 2) = 0
x(x + 5) = 0 (x + 3)2 =
(b)
x =0
x =0
或
或
x+5 =0
(2x + 1)(x – 3) = 2x + 1
x = –5
x+3 =
±
√ 9
4
(2x + 1)(x – 4) = 0
2x + 1 = 0 或 x–4=0 x = 或
x= 或 x=4 x = 或
試做 1.6 (第 15 頁)
試做 1.8 (第 19 頁)
2
(a) (x – 5) = 9 (a) 2
x – 8x + 12 = 0
x–5 =
x – 5 = 3 或 –3 x=
x =8 或 2
x=
x= 或
x =6 或 2
2
(b) 16x + 24x + 9 = 0
x=
x=
x= (二重根)
2
(c) 2x + 3x – 4 = 0
A.24 © 教育出版社
課本練習詳解
試做 1.9 (第 19 頁)
x=
x2 + x – 5 = 0
3x2 + 4x – 15 = 0
x=
x=
x=
x= 或
x= 或 –3
試做 1.10 (第 20 頁)
(1 – 2x)(x + 2) = 5
x – 2x2 + 2 – 4x= 5
2x2 + 3x + 3 = 0
x=
x=
由於 不是實數,因此這方程沒有實根。
試做 1.11 (第 24 頁)
設較小的數為 x,
則較大的數 = x + 1。
x(x + 1) = 210
x2 + x = 210
x2 + x – 210 = 0
(x + 15)(x – 14) = 0
x + 15 = 0 或 x – 14 = 0
x = –15 或 x = 14(捨去)
較大的數 = –15 + 1
= –14
∴ 該兩個數是 –15 及 –14。
試做 1.12 (第 25 頁)
陰影區域的面積
= 長方形 ABCD 的面積 – △BQP 的面積
= cm2
= (20 – 5x + x2) cm2
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中學數學新思維(第二版)4A 冊 第 1 章
即時測試 1.1A (第 7 頁)
x = 1. 2.
3.
x = 或 (捨去)
x =1 即時測試 1.1B (第 10 頁)
1. 是
試做 1.13 (第 26 頁) 2. 否
2 2
(1 – 3x) = 2 + (2 + x) 2
(畢氏定理) 4x2 + 9 = 5x
1 – 6x + 9x2 = 4 + 4 + 4x + x2 4x2 – 5x + 9 = 0
8x2 – 10x – 7 = 0 3. 否
2x + 1 = 0 或 4x – 7 = 0 2x2 + x – 6 = 0
即時測試 1.2 (第 18 頁)
x= 或 x= (捨去)
ax2 + bx + c = 0 (a > 0) a b c
試做 1.14 (第 26 頁) (a) x2 – 5x – 4 = 0 1 –5 –4
設 OB = x km, 2
(b) x + 3x – 6 = 0 1 3 –6
則 OA = (x + 3) km。
(c) 2x2 + x + 5 = 0 2 1 5
x2 + (x + 3)2 = 152 (畢氏定理)
x2 + x2 + 6x + 9 = 225 (d) 4x2 – 12x + 9 = 0 4 –12 9
A.26 © 教育出版社
課本練習詳解
x= 或 x =
x=
∴x= (二重根)
x=
4. 16 + 6x2 = 22x
6x2 – 22x + 16 = 0
3x2 – 11x + 8 = 0
(x – 1)(3x – 8) = 0
x–1 =0 或 3x – 8 = 0 4. (x – 6)2 = 8
(x – 6)2 = 16
x =1 或 x=
x–6 =
x–6 =4 或 –4
5. (x + 4)(x – 4) = 6x
x = 10 或 2
x2 – 16 = 6x
x2 – 6x – 16 = 0
5. 2x2 = x + 15
(x + 2)(x – 8) = 0
2x2 – x – 15= 0
x+2 =0 或 x–8 =0
x = –2 或 x =8
x=
6. (2x – 7)(x + 8) = (x + 8)2
(2x – 7)(x + 8) – (x + 8)2 = 0
x=
(x + 8)[(2x – 7) – (x + 8)] = 0
(x + 8)(x – 15) = 0
x+8 =0 或 x – 15 = 0 x= 或
x = –8 或 x = 15
x =3 或
課堂練習 1.2 (第 20 頁)
1. 2
(x + 7) = 25 6. 2 = –3x(x – 3)
2 = –3x2 + 9x
x+7 = 3x2 – 9x + 2 = 0
x + 7 = 5 或 –5
x = –2 或 –12
x=
2
2. 4x – 4x + 3 = 0
x=
x=
課堂練習 1.3 (第 26 頁)
2
1. 210 = 20 + 10
x= 202 + 10 – 210 = 0
22 + – 21 = 0
由於 不是實數,因此這方程沒有實根。 ( – 3)(2 + 7) = 0
–3 =0 或 2 + 7 = 0
=3 或 = (捨去)
∴ 它的周界是 3 m。
3. x2 + x – 5 = 0
x2 + 3x – 15 = 0
2. 設該平行四邊形的高為 x cm,
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中學數學新思維(第二版)4A 冊 第 1 章
則該平行四邊形的底 = (x – 4) cm。
x(x – 4) = 77
x=
∴ 該解不正確。
x2 – 4x = 77
x2 – 4x – 77 = 0
(x – 11)(x + 7) = 0
3. x2 – 8x + 7 = 1
x – 11 = 0 或 x+7 =0
x2 – 8x + 6 = 0
x = 11 或 x = –7(捨去)
∴ 該平行四邊形的高是 11 cm。
x=
3. EFGH 的面積
= ABCD 的面積 – △HAE 的面積 – △EBF 的面積
– △FCG 的面積 – △GDH 的面積 x=
x=
= ∴ 該解不正確。
4. (x + 2)(x – 6) = x + 2
cm2
(x + 2)(x – 6) – (x + 2) = 0
= [16 – 2x(4 – x)] cm2
(x + 2)(x – 6 – 1) = 0
= (2x2 – 8x + 16) cm2
(x + 2)(x – 7) = 0
∵ EFGH 的面積 = 12 cm2
x+2=0 或 x – 7= 0
∴ 2x2 – 8x + 16 = 12
x = –2 或 x =7
∴ 該解不正確。
2x2 – 8x + 4 = 0
x2 – 4x + 2 = 0
5. x2 = 9x
x = x2 – 9x = 0
x(x – 9) = 0
x =0 或 x–9=0
x = 或
x =0 或 x=9
x = 3.41 或 0.586
(準確至三位 (準確至三位
有效數字) 有效數字) 6. 4x2 – 7x + 2 = 0
課後檢測 題解 (第 32 頁) x=
1. 2x2 + 7x + 3 = 0
(2x + 1)(x + 3) = 0 x=
2x + 1 = 0 或 x+3=0
7. 3x2 + 4x + 5 = 0
x= 或 x = –3
∴ 該解正確。
x=
2. x2 – 7x + 3 = 0
x=
x=
x=
A.28 © 教育出版社
課本練習詳解
由於 不是實數,因此這方程沒有實根。
8. (x – 2)2 = 4
±√ 4
x–2 =
x – 2 = 2 或 –2
x =4 或 0
9. x(5 – 6x) = 1
5x – 6x2 = 1
6x2 – 5x + 1 = 0
(2x – 1)(3x – 1) = 0
2x – 1 = 0 或 3x – 1 = 0
x= 或 x =
10. 7x2 – x = 7x – 1
x(7x – 1) = 7x – 1
x(7x – 1) – (7x – 1) = 0
(7x – 1)(x – 1) = 0
7x – 1 = 0 或 x–1 =0
x = 或 x =1
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