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Virtual Work Method

The document discusses the principle of virtual work as applied to statically determinate plane structures, stating that the total work done by all active forces equals zero when a small virtual displacement is applied. It defines key concepts such as ideal systems, balanced forces, and virtual displacements, along with the equations for work done by forces and couples. Additionally, it outlines the sign convention for work and identifies workless forces that do not contribute to the system's energy.

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Aizar Jamil
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15 views13 pages

Virtual Work Method

The document discusses the principle of virtual work as applied to statically determinate plane structures, stating that the total work done by all active forces equals zero when a small virtual displacement is applied. It defines key concepts such as ideal systems, balanced forces, and virtual displacements, along with the equations for work done by forces and couples. Additionally, it outlines the sign convention for work and identifies workless forces that do not contribute to the system's energy.

Uploaded by

Aizar Jamil
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Analysis of Statically Determinate Beam

By the method of Virtual Work


The principle of virtual work as applied to
statically determinate plane structures:
“ If a small virtual displacement consistent with
the constraints is given to an ideal system in
equilibrium under the action of a balanced force
system, the total work done by all active forces is
equal to zero”
IDEAL SYSTEM
- a system of rigid bodies connected and
supported smoothly and rigidly so that no
energy is stored or dissipated during a
small displacement.
Note that if such a system is in
equilibrium under the action if
balanced force system, no
displacement can actually occur,
and no work can actually be done
by the forces.
BALANCED FORCES
-Balanced forces are equal in size and
opposite in direction. When forces are
balanced, there is no change in motion.
VIRTUAL DISPLACEMENT
- has no finite value; otherwise, it might
cause some shifting of the lines of action
of the forces so that the system would be
no longer in equilibrium.
For this reason, the virtual displacement
is generally assumed to be vanishingly
small.

𝜹𝒔 - Linear virtual displacement

𝜹𝜽 - Angular virtual displacement

𝜹𝑾 - Virtual Work
Work done by active forces
𝑾 = 𝑷𝒔 𝒄𝒐𝒔(𝜽)
The work done by a constantly applied force P during a
displacement s is defined as the product of magnitude of
the force, the magnitude of the displacement, and the
cosine of the angle 𝜃 between the force and the
displacement.
Work done by a couple
𝑾 = 𝑴∅
The work done by a couple of constant moment M is
defined as the product of the magnitude of the moment
and the magnitude of the angular displacement ∅ of the
couple.
Sign Convention
-A FORCE produces positive
work when the displacement are
in the same direction.
-A COUPLE does positive work
when the angular displacement
and the couple have the same
sense.
Workless Forces
1. The force that is normal to the displacement.
2. The force that does not move or the
couple that does not turn.
3. The internal forces or moments that exist in
pairs with equal magnitude but opposite
direction so that they do equal amount of
positive work and negative work for any
displacement assigned to the system.
Sample problems will be given during
the CED 315 class.

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