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Integrated Physics Formula Sheet
Connecting Concepts Across Chapters made by cbse.page
Introduction: Unifying Physics Concepts
Physics is a connected discipline. Concepts learned in one
chapter often reappear in another. For example, the idea of a
field introduced in Chapter 1: Electric Charges and Fields
underpins the magnetic fields in Chapter 4: Moving Charges
and Magnetism. Similarly, the notion of potential from Chapter
2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance complements energy
concepts in magnetism and induction. This sheet highlights key
formulas from Chapter 4 while drawing parallels to other
chapters for a broader understanding.
Chapter 1: Electric Charges and Fields
Coulomb’s Law
|q 1 q 2 | 1
F =k , k =
r2 4πϵ0
Mnemonic: Think of charges as magnets of the electric world—the force
falls off as the square of the distance.
Connection: The concept of a field created by a charge leads directly to the
idea that moving charges (currents) produce magnetic fields (Chapter 4).
Chapter 4: Moving Charges and Magnetism
1. Lorentz Force
Lorentz Force
F = q (E + v × B)
For pure magnetic effects:
F = q vB sin θ
Mnemonic: FLEMING’S LEFT HAND RULE: Thumb (Force), Index (Field),
Middle (Motion).
Connection: While Chapter 1 deals with static charges, here the force de-
pends on motion—just as Chapter 3 (Current Electricity) relies on moving
charges.
2. Circular and Helical Motion
Circular Motion
Radius:
mv
r=
qB
Angular frequency:
qB 2πm
ω= and T =
m qB
For Helical Motion (if a velocity component v ∥ exists):
2πmv ∥
Pitch: p =
qB
Mnemonic: Picture a race car (particle) on a circular, banked track—the
engine (charge) and track curvature (magnetic field) determine its path.
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3. Biot-Savart Law
Biot-Savart Law
µ0 I d l × r
dB =
4π r 3
Mnemonic: Each tiny current element d l “paints” a bit of the magnetic
field in space.
Connection: This law is analogous to Coulomb’s law (Chapter 1), but for
currents.
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4. Magnetic Fields from Currents
(a) Long Straight Wire
Straight Wire Field
µ0 I
B=
2πr
Mnemonic: Think of the wire as a lighthouse; the field circles around and
fades with distance.
(b) Circular Loop (At the Center)
Circular Loop Field
µ0 I µ0 N I
B= or for N turns, B =
2R 2R
Mnemonic: More loops mean a tighter magnetic hug—just like wrapping
a cable around your finger.
(c) Solenoid
Solenoid Field
N
B = µ0 nI , n=
L
Mnemonic: Imagine a tunnel where the wind (magnetic field) is fun-
neled—tighter turns amplify the gust.
(d) Toroid
Toroid Field
µ0 N I
B=
2πr
Mnemonic: Visualize a doughnut where the field loops inside the
ring—deliciously circular.
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5. Ampere’s Circuital Law
Ampere’s Law
I
B · d l = µ0 I enclosed
Mnemonic: Imagine “magnetic handshakes” along a closed loop—what
you sum up equals the enclosed current.
6. Force Between Parallel Wires
Force Between Wires
µ0 I 1 I 2
F= L
2πd
Mnemonic: Two wires interact like friends—parallel currents attract, op-
posite repel. Closer distance means stronger force!
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7. Torque on a Current Loop
Torque on a Loop
τ = N I AB sin θ
Mnemonic: Think of a windmill turning in the breeze. Maximum twist
occurs when the wind hits perpendicularly.
Bridging to Other Chapters
• Ch. 2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
Connection: Just as the electric potential energy in a capacitor is stored in
the electric field
1
U = CV 2
2
In the same way magnetic energy is stored in inductors
1
U = LI 2
2
Both energy expressions are quadratic in their respective field-driving
quantities.
• Ch. 3: Current Electricity
Connection: The definition of current and Ohm’s law in Chapter 3 pave the
way for understanding how moving charges produce magnetic fields (see
Ampere’s law and Biot-Savart law in Chapter 4).
• Ch. 6: Electromagnetic Induction
d ΦB
Connection: Faraday’s law (E = − ) relies on the change of magnetic
dt
flux—directly related to the magnetic fields discussed in Chapter 4.
• Ch. 8: Electromagnetic Waves
Connection: Maxwell’s equations (which include both Coulomb’s and
Ampere’s laws) unify electric and magnetic fields, ultimately leading to the
wave equation for light.
• Optics and Beyond (Ch. 9 - Ch. 14)
Connection: While these chapters focus on light and matter, many
principles (e.g., wave behavior, interference) stem from the same field
concepts introduced in Chapters 1 and 4.
