Digital

Technology

\
Digital Technology Enabling Digital Business Models

Cloud Computing

Internet of Things

AI/ Machine Learning

Blockchain

Payment gateways

XR, AR, VR
Cloud Computing

● Cloud computing is using the internet to access and

store data, programs, and services instead of your
computer’s hard drive.

It’s like renting a car instead of buying one. You use it only
when you need it!
Cloud Computing

● “The cloud” is a metaphor for a collection of shared resources,

software and information.

● Cloud computing providers maintain networks of physical and

virtual servers that contain the software and services to be
provided. This is the “back end” of the cloud infrastructure.

● The end user, whether an individual or a business, accesses

the information stored on those servers by way of an internet
connection.

● The idea is that the user can access the same information
from any device, whether that’s a desktop, laptop, cell phone,
tablet or even a borrowed computer at their local library.

● The end user’s device is the “front end” of the cloud

infrastructure.
Cloud Computing

● “The cloud” is a metaphor for a collection of shared resources,

software and information.

● Cloud computing providers maintain networks of physical and

virtual servers that contain the software and services to be
provided. This is the “back end” of the cloud infrastructure.

● The end user, whether an individual or a business, accesses

the information stored on those servers by way of an internet
connection.

● The idea is that the user can access the same information
from any device, whether that’s a desktop, laptop, cell phone,
tablet or even a borrowed computer at their local library.

● The end user’s device is the “front end” of the cloud

infrastructure.
 Types of Cloud Computing
Feature Public Cloud Private Cloud Hybrid Cloud

Definitio Services available to Services dedicated to one Combination of public and private clouds.
n
anyone via the internet. organization.

Owners Owned and managed by Owned and managed by the Split between the organization and a
hip
a third-party provider. organization or a provider. provider.

Cost Pay-as-you-go, low High initial setup and Moderate cost depending on usage.
upfront cost. maintenance cost.

Scalabil Highly scalable to meet Limited by organization’s Flexible: scales using public cloud when
ity
sudden demand. resources. needed.

Security Basic security measures High security and full control. Secure for sensitive data; uses public for
(shared environment). non-sensitive tasks.

Exampl Google Drive, AWS, Bank IT systems, Healthcare E-commerce storing financial data privately
es
Microsoft Azure. data centers. and using public cloud for marketing.
Types of cloud computing
Types of Cloud Computing
Software as a Service (SaaS)
● Description SaaS is a software distribution model in which applications are hosted by a third-party
provider and made available to customers over the internet.

● Examples in Admin Admin management systems like Workday, BambooAdmin, and Gusto.
When to choose?
● When you want a cost-effective solution with lower upfront
costs.

● When you need a solution that is easy to deploy and

manage.

● When you require remote access to the software from

anywhere with an internet connection.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)

● Description PaaS is a cloud computing service that provides a platform allowing customers to develop,
run, and manage applications without the complexity of building and maintaining the infrastructure typically
associated with developing and launching an app.

● Examples in Admin Custom application development platforms like Appian and Mendix.

PaaS providers that offer solutions for Admin are Workday, Oracle, SAP, and
Cornerstone. These vendors allow users to access their platforms and tools to create
custom apps or extensions that integrate with their core Admin or talent management
systems.
When to choose PaaS

● When you need to develop custom

applications but want to avoid the
complexity of building and maintaining
the infrastructure.

● When you require a scalable solution

that can grow with your needs.

● When you want to focus on application

development without worrying about the
underlying infrastructure.
Infrastructure as Service (IaaS)

● Description Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) is a cloud computing model in which customers rent
virtualized computing resources over the internet. These resources typically include virtual machines,
storage, networking, and other fundamental IT infrastructure components. IaaS allows businesses to offload
the management and maintenance of physical hardware to a third-party provider while retaining control over
the operating systems, applications, and data running on the virtualized infrastructure.

● Examples in Admin IaaS solutions are not specific to Admin functions but provide the underlying
infrastructure that can support various applications, including Admin management systems. Some
examples of IaaS providers include Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, and Google Cloud
Platform, which can host Admin applications or any other software
When to Choose
● When you need scalable and flexible infrastructure to
support Admin applications or other services.

● When you want to avoid the upfront investment in

physical hardware and benefit from cost-effective, on-
demand resources.

● When you have the technical expertise or a dedicated

IT team to manage and configure the virtualized
infrastructure.
Ideal for
● Large enterprises with complex IT needs that require
scalable, customized infrastructure.

● Businesses looking for disaster recovery and

business continuity solutions without investing in
physical backup facilities.

● Organizations with fluctuating workloads, seasonal

demands, or the need for rapid scalability.
IaaS is best for large enterprises with specific
needs, significant IT resources, and a desire
unsure workloads
On-Premises

● Description On-premises software is installed and runs on computers on the premises of the
person or organization using the software, rather than at a remote facility such as a server farm or
cloud.

● Examples in Admin Traditional Admin management systems that are installed on company
servers.
When to choose

● When you require full control over the software

and data.

● When you need a highly customizable solution

to meet specific organizational needs.

● When you have the necessary IT resources and

infrastructure to manage and maintain the
software.
Ideal for

● Large enterprises with complex needs and

significant IT resources.

● Organizations that operate in industries with

strict data security and compliance
requirements.

● Companies that prefer to have full control over

their software and data.
On-Premises is best for large enterprises with
specific needs, significant IT resources, and a
desire for full control over their software and
data.
Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence, or AI, is the creation of intelligent
machines that can simulate human thinking and
decision-making
What is AI?

What is artificial intelligence (AI)? This animated video describes how artificial intelligence works, where it can be found, and how it influences our lives.

𝘗𝘳𝘰𝘥𝘶𝘤𝘦𝘥 𝘸𝘪𝘵𝘩 𝘨𝘦𝘯𝘦𝘳𝘰𝘶𝘴 𝘴𝘶𝘱𝘱𝘰𝘳𝘵 𝘧𝘳𝘰𝘮 𝘉𝘕𝘠 𝘔𝘦𝘭𝘭𝘰𝘯 .

#ArtificialIntelligence #MuseumOfScience #ScienceForAll #Boston

How Telecom Industry use Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning | ML Tutorial | Tutort Academy

In this 5 minutes video, we are going to explain how Telecom Industry use Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence.

As artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) become more widely used, it will be nearly impossible to find an industry that does not benefit from its capabilities. Historically, the telecoms industry has done a good job of adapting to technological change. They successfully transitioned from landline to mobile carriers, then from voice calls to messaging and data-centric networks on a global scale. Telecoms are creating ecosystems for the data-driven economy in most developed markets.

Check out this 5 Minutes video to learn in details about ML in Telecom Industry📍

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 Key Aspects of AI include

Learning from Solving Making Learning from

Data complex problems Decisions Human Language
 Key Aspects of AI include

Learning from Solving Making Learning from

Data complex problems Decisions Human Language
AI in healthcare, like IBM Watson, AI predicts climate change by AI conducts analysis vast
accurately diagnoses diseases by AI chatbots on
analyzing environmental network data and suggest
analyzing medical data.
data, aiding in mitigation
Telecom/CSP sites learn
how to optimize Networks from interactions to
strategies.
improve customer
service.
ML around us
ML around us
ML around us
 Task -
Identify at least 5 things we use which is powered by
ML
 Why Machine Learning

Self Driving Car Breast cancer detection Face unlocking

 Types of Machine Learning

Supervised Machine UnSupervised Reinforcement

Learning Machine Learning Machine Learning
The machine is The machine The machine learns
trained on a labeled explores data by interacting
dataset with input- without explicit with its
output pairs. guidance, finding environment, and
patterns and receiving
 ML
Computer Vision &
Regression Classfication NLP
Predict a number It will classify from Images and video
which is continuous finite set

Price of my car Car will give good Security camera

mileage or no
Data extraction
through Algo

Clustering

Take data and detect patterns in

 IoT

The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to the

network of physical devices connected to the
internet, capable of collecting and sharing
data.

Core Idea: "Everyday objects made smart by

connectivity."

Example: A smart fridge that monitors food

expiry or a wearable device tracking your
health
Components of IoT

1. Devices: Sensors and actuators

embedded in physical objects (e.g.,
smart thermostats).
2. Connectivity: Communication via Wi-Fi,
Bluetooth, or cellular networks.
3. Data Processing: Cloud or edge
computing for analyzing the data
collected.
4. User Interface: Applications or
dashboards for controlling and
monitoring IoT devices
How IoT works

1. Device Collects Data: Sensors monitor and

record specific data (e.g., temperature,
motion).
2. Data is Sent to the Cloud: Via communication
protocols like MQTT or HTTP.
3. Processing and Analysis: Cloud systems
process data for actionable insights.
4. Action Triggered: Notifications or automated
actions (e.g., turning on lights).
How IoT works

1. Smart Homes: Alexa or Google Nest

controlling devices at home.
2. Healthcare: Wearables like Fitbit or IoT-
enabled insulin pumps.
3. Transportation: Tesla cars with real-time data
exchange.
4. Agriculture: Smart irrigation systems
monitoring soil moisture.
5. Manufacturing: Predictive maintenance for
machinery.
 IoT case study
IoT in Agriculture

From detecting real-time weather conditions to analysing soils, water and nutrient conditions for crops, IoT technology has advanced tremendously over the years. IoT has become increasingly popular in Malaysia’s agricultural sector especially in Pineapple Farms and Paddy Fields.

Check out our new video to learn more!! Smart Agriculture is the way forward in Malaysia!
#MARiiDigital #IoT #InternetOfThings
 IoT
Cat Product Link Remote Monitoring of Your Equipment
 BlockChain

A decentralized, distributed ledger that records transactions across multiple

computers.

Core Idea: "A digital chain of blocks containing data that is secure, transparent,
and immutable."

Example: Bitcoin uses blockchain to record cryptocurrency transactions without

intermediaries.
 BlockChain

1. Finance: Cryptocurrencies (e.g., Bitcoin, Ethereum) and decentralized finance (DeFi).

2. Supply Chain: Tracking goods from origin to delivery (e.g., Walmart uses blockchain for food
safety).
3. Healthcare: Securing medical records and enabling patient data sharing.
4. Real Estate: Transparent property transactions and smart contracts.
5. Voting Systems: Tamper-proof, transparent elections.
6. Digital Identity: Securing and verifying personal identities.
How does a blockchain work - Simply Explained

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When you hear AR what comes to your mind?
What is AR
Augmented Reality
overlays digital
information onto the real
world, enhancing our
perception.
Stickers
Think of it as: Like putting digital stickers on the
real world.
 Examples
• Viewing furniture virtually placed in your room before buying.
• Seeing historical information overlaid on landmarks through
smartphone apps.
• Pokémon Go, where virtual creatures appear in your real-world
surroundings.
What is VR

Creates a completely
immersive, computer-
generated
environment.
Immersive
Stepping into a whole new world.
Example
• Exploring Mars in a VR simulation.
• Attending a virtual concert with friends from
around the world.
• Training for surgery in a realistic VR
environment.
 Big Data
Big Data refers to the large volumes of structured and unstructured data generated every second across digital channels, devices, and
interactions. It plays a crucial role in enabling the rise of digitization by empowering businesses to make data-driven decisions, improve
customer experiences, and innovate at scale.

What is Big Data?

● Definition: Big Data is a collection of data that is so vast, complex, and rapidly generated that traditional methods cannot
efficiently store, process, or analyze it.
● Key Characteristics (The 5 Vs):
1. Volume: Massive amounts of data generated daily (e.g., social media posts, IoT sensors).
2. Velocity: The speed at which data is created and processed in real-time.
3. Variety: Data comes in diverse formats (e.g., text, images, videos, and machine logs).
4. Veracity: The reliability and accuracy of the data.
5. Value: Insights derived from data that drive decisions and innovation.
Big Data
● Retail: Optimizes supply chain, enhances inventory management, and predicts demand.
○ Example: Walmart uses Big Data for real-time stock management and personalized offers.
● Healthcare: Analyzes patient data for early diagnosis, treatment planning, and research.
○ Example: Predictive models for disease outbreaks based on health records and social data.
● Finance: Detects fraud, manages risks, and personalizes banking services.
○ Example: Banks analyze transaction data to detect anomalies and prevent fraud.
● Smart Cities: Uses IoT data to manage traffic, utilities, and public safety.
○ Example: Barcelona uses Big Data to optimize energy use and reduce traffic congestion.
 Digital Disruptors Factors

1. Technology-Driven Change:
○ Emerging technologies like AI, IoT, Blockchain, and Big Data create new possibilities.
○ Example: Cloud computing enabled Netflix to shift from a DVD rental service to a leading
streaming platform.
2. Customer Expectations:
○ Customers now demand personalized, seamless, and instant experiences.
○ Example: Amazon redefined customer expectations with one-click purchasing and same-day
delivery.
3. New Competitors:
○ Digital disruptors often enter markets with agile, tech-driven approaches.
○ Example: Airbnb disrupted the hospitality industry by offering a platform for home-sharing,
competing with traditional hotels.
4. Data as an Asset:
○ Businesses leverage data to make real-time decisions and enhance customer experiences.
○ Example: Uber uses real-time data to optimize ride pricing and reduce waiting times.
 Framework for Building a Digital Strategy

1. Assess the Landscape:

○ Understand the disruption potential in your industry and identify trends.
2. Define the Vision:
○ Set a clear vision of how your business model will leverage digital opportunities.
3. Prioritize Technologies:
○ Identify the technologies that align with your strategic goals.
4. Engage Customers:
○ Continuously gather customer feedback and adapt offerings.
5. Invest in Skills:
○ Upskill employees to use digital tools effectively.
6. Monitor and Adapt:
○ Measure the impact of digital initiatives and iterate based on performance.