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Gandhiji Notes

Mahatma Gandhi, born on October 2, 1869, in Gujarat, was a pivotal leader in India's struggle for independence, advocating for non-violence and truth through his philosophy of Satyagraha. He led significant movements against British rule, including the Non-Cooperation Movement and the Quit India Movement, and his teachings have inspired global civil rights movements. Gandhi was assassinated on January 30, 1948, but his legacy of peace and justice continues to influence people worldwide.

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52 views2 pages

Gandhiji Notes

Mahatma Gandhi, born on October 2, 1869, in Gujarat, was a pivotal leader in India's struggle for independence, advocating for non-violence and truth through his philosophy of Satyagraha. He led significant movements against British rule, including the Non-Cooperation Movement and the Quit India Movement, and his teachings have inspired global civil rights movements. Gandhi was assassinated on January 30, 1948, but his legacy of peace and justice continues to influence people worldwide.

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Class Notes on Mahatma Gandhi

Introduction: Mahatma Gandhi, known as the "Father of the Nation," was


one of the most significant leaders of India's freedom struggle. His
philosophy of non-violence and truth, known as Satyagraha, played a
crucial role in achieving India's independence. Born on October 2, 1869, in
Porbandar, Gujarat, he dedicated his life to social reform, self-reliance, and
national unity.

Early Life and Education:

 Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born into a well-respected


Gujarati family.

 He studied law in London at the Inner Temple and became a


barrister in 1891.

 In 1893, he moved to South Africa, where he fought against racial


discrimination and developed his philosophy of non-violent
resistance.

Political Career and Role in India’s Freedom Struggle:

 Gandhi returned to India in 1915 and joined the Indian National


Congress.

 He led several non-violent movements against British rule,


including:

o Champaran and Kheda Satyagraha (1917-1918): Fought


for the rights of farmers against oppressive policies.

o Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-1922): Encouraged


Indians to boycott British goods, services, and institutions.

o Civil Disobedience Movement (1930): Led the famous


Dandi March against the British salt tax.

o Quit India Movement (1942): Called for an immediate end


to British rule during World War II.

Principles and Ideology:

 Satyagraha (Truth and Non-Violence): Advocated peaceful resistance


as a means to achieve justice.

 Swadeshi Movement: Promoted self-reliance by encouraging Indians


to use locally made goods.

 Sarvodaya (Welfare for All): Believed in uplifting the poor and


marginalized sections of society.
 Religious Harmony: Worked to unite Hindus and Muslims and
opposed untouchability.

Impact and Legacy:

 Gandhi’s leadership played a crucial role in India gaining


independence in 1947.

 His principles inspired global movements for civil rights and


freedom, including leaders like Martin Luther King Jr. and Nelson
Mandela.

 On January 30, 1948, he was assassinated by Nathuram Godse, but


his teachings continue to inspire people worldwide.

 His birth anniversary, October 2, is celebrated as Gandhi Jayanti and


is observed as the International Day of Non-Violence.

Conclusion: Mahatma Gandhi remains one of the most revered figures in


world history. His unwavering commitment to non-violence, truth, and
justice laid the foundation for India's independence and continues to serve
as a guiding light for movements advocating peace and equality today.

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