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LEH11 01 Jun2019 Source Booklet

The document contains three texts discussing the relationship between dolphins and humans, the work of explorer Jess Cramp in shark conservation, and a personal narrative of a girl named Paloma interacting with dolphins. It highlights the intelligence and protective behavior of dolphins, the importance of sharks in marine ecosystems, and the joy of connecting with sea life. The sources are adapted from various articles and a novel.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
20 views4 pages

LEH11 01 Jun2019 Source Booklet

The document contains three texts discussing the relationship between dolphins and humans, the work of explorer Jess Cramp in shark conservation, and a personal narrative of a girl named Paloma interacting with dolphins. It highlights the intelligence and protective behavior of dolphins, the importance of sharks in marine ecosystems, and the joy of connecting with sea life. The sources are adapted from various articles and a novel.

Uploaded by

aquareshy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Pearson Edexcel International Lower Secondary Curriculum

Wednesday 29 May 2019


Afternoon (Time: 1 hour 45 minutes) Paper Reference LEH11/01

English
Year 9

Source Booklet
Do not return this Source Booklet with the Question Paper.

Turn over

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©2019 Pearson Education Ltd.

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Text 1
This text is about the relationship between dolphins (cetaceans) and human beings.
Have you heard stories about dolphins rescuing people?
For thousands of years in several ways, dolphins have interacted with humans like
no other animal. For example, what other animal helps humans to catch fish? The
intelligence of dolphins is highly developed and similar to that of humans. For instance,
females are loving mothers devoted to their offspring.
In the wild, dolphins usually help each other when they are sick, supporting them to
reach the surface so they can breathe.
But, why do dolphins save humans? Many theories try to explain the reason, but until
now none is widely accepted.
Researchers think that sometimes the relationship between humans and dolphins is to
do with help-reward. So when dolphins help humans to find fish they get to eat some of
the catch. Why did they begin to do this if no one taught them?
The act of defending humans from an animal that can attack them, like sharks, is similar
to the behaviour of mothers protecting their offspring. Many people claim they were
held and transported to the surface with the aid of a dolphin.
Thanks to its sense of echolocation, a dolphin can hear the heartbeat and realise when
a person is helpless. It is at this moment that they act as they would do with another
dolphin.
There are only two cetacean attacks on record against people: a whale confusing a
surfboard for a seal and a cranky dolphin mother when her new born calf was taken
away.

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Text 2
This text is from a blog in which explorer Jessica Cramp talks about her work.
Meet Jess Cramp: National Geographic explorer and Shark Guardian
April 20, 2017
Interested in the sea from childhood, now Jess is a scientist, surfer, diver, pilot, writer,
conservationist and National Geographic explorer.
She lives in the Cook Islands and co-championed the Cook Islands Shark Sanctuary in
2011. Jess studies shark movement patterns and the laws that protect them. Through her
non-profit organisation, Sharks Pacific, she hopes to better understand sharks in Pacific
communities, educating for the protection of sharks and the related marine environment.
“Sharks need protection, but it’s hard to convey to someone, ‘Oh, you should save the
boogie man!’ When I talk to kids, I tell them that sharks are like the lions in The Lion King.
They are one of the top predators—and a healthy ecosystem underwater has a lot of
sharks. But because of the way we fish, sharks are disappearing,” Jess says.
The importance of sharks matters to everyone, even if the ocean feels like it is miles away
from where you live.
A healthy shark population means a healthy coral reef—a balanced ecosystem. A
balanced reef means more fish. Healthy reefs also mean a healthy ocean—and healthy
oceans produce our oxygen.
“Talk to your friends and your family about sharks. As a scientist, I explore ideas and
problems and the underwater world. As a kid, you can start exploring by asking
questions. So ask ‘Why?’—a lot!”
Go to Sharks Pacific to learn more about Jess and how you can help sharks around the
world. And follow along on Jess’s adventures on Instagram.

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Text 3
Paloma loves the sea and sea life, regularly taking her boat out and diving in the deep waters.
First there was only one, rolling and bucking, breathing out a wheezy spray through the
hole on top of its head, its dorsal fin and glossy back shining in the low morning sun. It
crossed in front of her bow, then leaped clear of the water and dived and passed under
the boat and rolled again in front.
Then came another, and another, until there were a dozen and then a score, and then
more than she could count. They crisscrossed ahead of her boat, four and five and six
together, threading together like fingers, then dispersing, to be replaced by others.
She paddled on, and they came from behind, leaping along both sides of her boat, as
if urging her to gather speed so her boat would make a wave for them to ride. But she
could make no more than a ripple in the water, so they soared away off to the sides, and,
in clicks and whistles she could hear clearly, seeming to discuss what game next to play.
They charged her boat in groups of six and dived under it and surfaced on the other side.
In each group one, and only one, would leap over the boat, over her and as its shadow
passed it rained droplets on her head.
She laughed and tried with her voice to copy the dolphins’ sounds, in the faint hope that
they would stay with her. But on some secret signal they stopped playing, faced in the
same direction and bounded off across the sea.
Paloma stopped paddling, and watched, thrilled. She felt the dolphins had chosen her as
their playmate during their travels.
It was an omen, like seeing the green flash and the jumping marlin. Perhaps today would
be a special day.
Now, as the last of the dolphins leaped away out of sight towards the horizon, Paloma
looked around, then dug her paddle into the water and continued toward the seamount.

Sources taken/adapted from:

Text 1: https://www.dolphins-world.com/author/laurentmikhail/
Text 2: https://blog.teacollection.com/jess-cramp
Text 3: The girl of the sea of Cortez. Peter Benchley, (1975)

Every effort has been made to contact copyright holders to obtain their permission for the use of copyright
material. Pearson Education Ltd. will, if notified, be happy to rectify any errors or omissions and include any
such rectifications in future editions.

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