PHY113: Classical Electrodynamics (2023-24 - semester II)
Tutorial 2 - Date- 18/01/2024
~ = r2 sin θ r̂ + 4 r2 cos θ θ̂ + r2 tan θ φ̂, using the volume of the
1. Check divergence theorem for the vector field V
cone shown in figure-(note that the top surface is spherical, with radius R and centered at the origin).
a
30
R 7
y
´
2. Evaluate the surface integral I = S V ~ , for the vector field V
~ · da ~ = (y − x) x̂ + x2 z ŷ + (z + x2 ) ẑ, and the
surface S is the open surface of a hemisphere: x2 + y 2 + z 2 = a2 , z ≥ 0.
3. Given V~ = y x̂ − x ŷ + z ẑ, verify Stokes’ theorem for the hemispherical surface x2 + y 2 + z 2 = a2 , z ≥ 0.
´
4. Vector area of a surface, say S, is defined by S~ = S da,~ where da ~ is an elementary area on the surface. Show
that the vector area of a spherical surface (x2 + y 2 + z 2 = a2 ) is zero. Compute it separately for the northern
and southern hemisphere and show that they cancel.
5. Show that the vector field A~ = yz x̂ + zx ŷ + xy ẑ can be written both as the gradient of a scalar field and as
the curl of a vector. Find scalar and vector potential for this function.
6. Prove that for two scalar functions (or fields) U and V ,
˛ ˆ
~ − V ∇U ~ ~ = U ∇2 V − V ∇2 U dτ ,
U ∇V · da
S V
~
where V is the volume enclosed by the closed surface S. Also dτ is elementary volume element in V, and da
is elementary area vector element on S. This is known as the Green’s theorem.