I ENGLISH IV
Conditionals
(Zero, first, second, tird)
Jhoana Elizabeth Moreno Figueroa
Minerva Saraí Rojas Vargas UNIVERSIDAD DEL VALLE DE MÉXICO
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Zero Conditional
We use the zero conditional to talk about things
that are generally true, especially for laws and
rules.
If I drink too much coffee, I can't sleep at
night.
Ice melts if you heat it.
When the sun goes down, it gets dark.
The structure is: if/when + present simple >>
present simple.
ENGLISH IV
First conditional
JU
We use the first conditional when we talk about future
situations we believe are real or possible.
If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we'll go to the beach.
Arsenal will be top of the league if they win.
When I finish work, I'll call you.
In first conditional sentences, the structure is usually: if/when +
present simple >> will + infinitive.
It is also common to use this structure with unless, as long as, as soon
as or in case instead of if.
I'll leave as soon as the babysitter arrives.
I don't want to stay in London unless I get a well-paid job.
I'll give you a key in case I'm not at home.
You can go to the party, as long as you're back by midnight.
ENGLISH IV
Second conditional
The second conditional is used to imagine present or
future situations that are impossible or unlikely in reality.
If we had a garden, we could have a cat.
If I won a lot of money, I'd buy a big house in the country.
I wouldn't worry if I were you.
The structure is usually: if + past simple >> + would + infinitive.
When if is followed by the verb be, it is grammatically correct to say if I
were, if he were, if she were and if it were. However, it is also common
to hear these structures with was, especially in the he/she form.
If I were you, I wouldn't mention it.
If she was prime minister, she would invest more money in schools.
ENGLISH IV
He would travel more if he was younger.
Tird conditional
We make the third conditional by using the past perfect
after 'if' and then 'would have' and the past participle in the
second part of the sentence:
If she had studied, she would have passed the exam (but, really we know she
didn't study and so she didn't pass)
If I hadn't eaten so much, I wouldn't have felt sick (but I did eat a lot, and so I
did feel sick).
If we had taken a taxi, we wouldn't have missed the plane
if + past perfect, ...would + have + past participle
ENGLISH IV
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Referencias
The third conditional. (s. f.). Conditionals: zero, first and second. Second Conditional: uso, estructura
https://www.perfect-english- (2025, 30 enero). LearnEnglish. y ejemplos | Papora. (s. f.).
grammar.com/third- https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.o https://www.papora.com/es/gramat
conditional.html rg/grammar/b1-b2- ica/second-conditional/
grammar/conditionals-zero-first-
second
