AGILE PROJECT MANAGEMENT WITH SCRUM FRAMEWORK
SESSION – VII: SCRUM
Sunday, 21 July 2024 INSTRUCTOR: DR. RAHUL SINDHWANI / DR. SHWETA SINGH 1
SESSION
FLOW
Product
SCRUM Backlog
Prioritization
Artifacts
Product
Backlog
7/21/2024 10:53 PM 2
Scrum Artifacts
• Something that is created by ones in
SCRUM framework.
• Artifacts in SCRUM represents work
and value.
• It is key to information needed during
Product Backlog
product development.
• It is the details related to product and Sprint Backlog
process which is used by scrum team and
stakeholders.
• It provides transparency, inspection and Product Increment
adaptation
• SCRUM guide defines 3 artifacts
Product Backlog
.
• Backlog is an accumulation of unfinished work.
• Product Backlog is undone things related to product (like to-do-list).
• It is ordered list of everything needed in the product.
• Contains new features, improvements and fixes.
• The list is never final, it is emergent and constantly changing.
Product Backlog
Feature 1 Feature 1
• Description
Feature 2 • Order
• Size
Feature 3 • Value
• Acceptance
Improvement Criteria
Fixes Product Owner
Example: We want to go for vacation
.
Product Backlog Items in the list are in random order
Find a destination
Book a flight What would be the Product Backlog
1st things that you Leave approval
Leave approval
should do??
Book a hotel Find a destination
Book a hotel
Book a rental car
Book a flight
Book a rental car
Example: Product goal is to reach 10,000 online orders in next 6 months
.
Product Backlog Item (PBI) 1. PBI don’t means a lot
2. Product owner work together with
developers to add more details
1. Create short page 3. Product backlog described and
2. Display one product decided by SCRUM Team.
3. Order form 4. Product backlog have product
4. Display multiple products description, order, size, acceptance
5. Add to cart criteria (done by creating user
6. Create payment options stories)
Features of PB
.
• Items can be added to list at any time
Living Artifact • PB evolves throughout life cycle of project
• Act as central guide for team
PB is owned and adjusted by PO (sole
PO is accountable
person accountable for PB)
• New features or information added as per its
importance.
Prioritized List • Items at top is more specific and well defined
followed by vague items in bottom
Product Backlog
Backlog Prioritization
Product Backlog Prioritization
• The process of figuring out the size of an item is called sizing or estimation.
• With the help of the sizing or estimation, we will come on Backlog Prioritization.
• This is not the part of mandatory scrum events.
• The team works on details, size, and order of PB.
• The size of the item not only shows how big or small the effort of doing work is but also
considers other factors such as risk, business value, and urgency to complete the task.
https://www.knowledgehut.com/blog/agile/product-backlog-refinement-scrum
4 Criteria used for Prioritization
Business value or
Urgency
Economic value
Opportunity enablement/
Development effort
or risk reduction
Business value
Is this feature capable of bringing more money for the business?
Can it prevent the business from losing money moving forward?
Urgency
How urgently do we need to Is this feature a part of promise or Is there a clear deadline or window
deliver this feature? a contract? of opportunity coming up?
Opportunity Enablement or Risk Reduction
Is this item bringing revenue immediately, or will it benefit in the
long run?
For example, In PB, there could be some items that may help you
eliminate technical or legal risk, and save your money later.
Development effort required
The only negative factor that ranks the items in the backlog.
The cost of necessary person hours is one of main factors that
determine the amount of return we receive on our investment.
Relative Estimation
Plain Area Normal Mountain Mount Everest
Relative
Estimation
Methods
Weighted
T- Shirt Size Shortest Job
First (WSJF)
Relative Estimation
T- Shirt Size
It requires 2 among 4 criteria of
prioritization
1. Business value
2. Development effort
T-Shirt Sizes
.
Compare all tasks
L
M with Medium
XL
Fix one task that requires Medium effort
M
Fixed
Business stakeholders Development team
Backlog Business Value Development Effort
Feature A XL S
Feature B M L
Feature C L XS
Feature D XS S
Feature E XL M
Feature F S L
Feature G L S
Observations by the Product Owner
Business stakeholders Development team
Backlog Business Value Development Effort
Feature A XL S
Feature B M L
Feature C L XS
Feature D XS S
Feature E XL M
Feature F S L
Feature G L S
Prioritized Backlog
Business stakeholders Development team
Backlog Business Value Development Effort
Feature A XL S
Feature E XL M
Feature C L XS
Feature G L S
Feature B M L
Feature F S L
Feature D XS S
If 2 features in the backlog comes out with the same T-Shirt size, it may become difficult to
decide, which one to do first
Weighted Shortest Job First (WSJF)
WSJF means prioritizing activities that provide a higher value in less effort.
This technique makes use of all four criteria
1. The business value
2. Urgency
3. Opportunity enablement/risk reduction
4. Development effort
• It is a tool in the Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe)
• The score suggests the priority of items more accurately.
• The higher the WSJF score, the higher would be the priority of the feature
• The scale used here is from the Fibonacci series
Fibonacci Series
0,1,1,2,3,5,8,13,21,34,55,89..............................................∞
1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34
Usually, the team adapts numbers up to 89
Modified
Fibonacci
Example:
.
Effort to consume
different fruits
.
5 3 3
1 13 2
Estimation
using Planning
Poker
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3apRqd67hrQ&list=PLL-72IrJnz2w_8JyHQVlWSw2w3eP9tL76&index=2
Planning
Poker
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3apRqd67hrQ&list=PLL-72IrJnz2w_8JyHQVlWSw2w3eP9tL76&index=2
Weighted Shortest Job First (WSJF)
Cost of Delay = The Business Value + Urgency + Opportunity Enablement
WSJF Factor =
The Business Value + Urgency + Opportunity Enablement
Development Effort
WSJF
Business stakeholders Development team
Backlog Business value Urgency Opportunity Dev effort WSJF (COD/
Dev effort)
Feature A 5 8 5 3 (5+8+5)/3= 6
Feature B 3 5 8 8 2
Feature C 8 5 3 5 3.2
Feature D 2 3 8 2 6.5
Feature E 3 2 3 3 2.6
Feature F 13 2 5 3 6.6
Feature G 1 3 3 5 1.4
WSJF
Business stakeholders Development team
Backlog Business value Urgency Opportunity Dev effort WSJF (COD/
Dev effort)
Feature A 5 8 5 3 (5+8+5)/3= 6
Feature B 3 5 8 8 2
Feature C 8 5 3 5 3.2
Feature D 2 3 8 2 6.5
Feature E 3 2 3 3 2.6
Feature F 13 2 5 3 6.6
Feature G 1 3 3 5 1.4
Prioritization
This prioritization exercise does not set the order of backlog
items in stone.
This is not a commitment.
We do not have a release backlog plan yet.
Prioritization helps to understand what is worth considering for
future investigation.
More analysis, detail, refinement, discussion, and work to
build the release plan is needed.
Exercise: Launch New Summer Collection on Myntra
• Description: Develop and execute a comprehensive plan to launch Myntra's new
summer clothing collection. This includes preparing the product pages, creating
marketing materials, setting up promotional campaigns, and ensuring a seamless
customer experience.
PBI:
1. Create a product pages
2. Develop a Digital Marketing Strategy
3. Set Up Promotional Campaigns
4. Prepare Logistics and Inventory
5. Establish Performance Metrics
“Work hard, be kind,
and amazing things
will happen."
Conan O'Brien
7/21/2024 10:53 PM 37
