10th Geography : Chapter II
Forest and wildlife Resources
Q.1. Multiple Choice Questions
i. Which of these statements is not a valid reason for the
depletion of flora and fauna?
a. Agricultural expansion.
b. Large scale developmental projects.
c. Grazing and fuel wood collection.
d. Rapid industralisation and urbanization
Ans. Agricultural expansion
ii. Which of the following conservation strategies do not directly
involve community participation?
a. Joint Forest Management
b. Beej Bachao Andolan
c. Chipko Movement
d. Demarcation of Wildlife Sanctuaries
Ans. (d) Demarcation of Wildlife Sanctuaries
Q.2. Match the following animals with their category of existence.
a. Black Buck Endangered
b. Asiatic elephant Vulnerable
c. Andaman wild pig Endemic
d. Himalayan brown hear Rare
e. Pink head duck Endemic
Q.3. Match the following
1. Reserved a) forests are regarded as most valuable as far as the
Forests conservation of forest and wildlife resources.
2. Protected b) Forest lands are protected from any further
forests depletion.
3. Unclassed c) Other forests and wastelands belonging to both
forests government and private individuals and
communities.
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Q.4. Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
(i) What is biodiversity? Why is biodiversity important for human
lives?
Ans. Species of natural vegetation and wildlife are diverse in form
and function but closely integrated through interdependence.
These are components of eco-system, viz. consisting of biotic
and renewable resources. These maintain balance through food-
web, food chain, creation and re-creation viz. cycle of birth and
death in this corporeal world.
(ii) How have human activities affected the depletion of flora and
fauna? Explain.
Ans.
(i) Relentless cutting and felling of trees, clearing forest area for
human settlement, setting-up of industries, carrying on
developmental works like construction of structures,
infrastructures etc.
(ii) Hunting and poaching of wild animals.
(iii) Agricultural expansion with the pace of increase in
population. Wrong agricultural practices like shifting
cultivation (Jhum).
(iv) Mining and quarrying, overgrazing, illegal trade of forest
produce including hides, bones, internal organs including
extraction of the musk from musk-deer, horns etc. of wild
animals and cutting trees for their use as fuel.
Q.5. Answer the following questions in about 120 words.
(i) Describe how communities have conserved and protected
forests and wildlife in India.
Ans.
(i) Beliefs of traditional communities: Basil, Banana plants,
Banyan, Pipal, Gular, etc. trees are worshiped as an allegory of
gods/deities. Elephants, peacocks, nilgay, black buck, cow,
myna, parrot etc. animals and birds are loved by their cues and
gesticutations.
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(ii) Munda and Santhals of Chhotanagpur worship Mahua and
Kadamba trees, Tribals in Orissa and Bihar worship tamarind
and mango trees. Animals like macaques and monkeys are
loved and respected.
(iii) There are sacred groves-left virgin from human interference
with the vegetation and wildlife is fostered in their natural
habitats by several communities in India.
(iv) Holy books of almost all religions describe forests with natural
vegetation and wild animals as deities, savior of human life
and the greatest friends of mankind.
(ii) Write a note on good practices towards conserving forest and
wildlife.
Ans. Good practices towards conservation of forest and wildlife.
(i) Conservation process like other things starts from within.
Hence, each individual should develop his concept on strong
thinking that forest and wildlife resources are biotic like
human resource. These are, therefore, our friends, our
gods/deities, our physicians and sole basis of our existence.
(ii) Each individual should read and understand the scientific
fact that on account of subsidence in cultures and their fall in
an endangered state, carcass and corpse of wild animals
develops cancer (skin) germs and it has affected human
beings since last few decades.
(iii) Human resource tempts to their skills like engineering,
technical knowledge, temperament of inquisitiveness and
quest for knowledge, etc. but all with side-effects. As this
resource is sensitive, an autistic approach under influence of
passions, this resource (viz. human resource) has so far
inflicted atrocities upon forest and wildlife resources. This is
the reason; ecological disturbance is being seen in the dreary
epidemics, pandemics, global warming and depletion of
ozone layer.
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