CHAPTER 1

Managerial Accounting in the Information Age

Summary of Questions by Objectives and Bloom’s Taxonomy

Item LO BT Item LO BT Item LO BT Item LO BT Item LO BT

True-False Statements
1. 1 K 11. 1 K 21. 2 K 31. 4 K 41. 5 C
2. 1 K 12. 1 K 22. 2 K 32. 4 K 42. 5 K
3. 1 K 13. 1 K 23. 2 K 33. 4 K 43. 5 K
4. 1 K 14. 1 K 24. 2 K 34. 4 K 44. 5 K
5. 1 K 15. 1 K 25. 2 K 35. 4 K 45. 5 K
6. 1 K 16. 1 K 26. 3 K 36. 4 K 46. 5 K
7. 1 C 17. 1 K 27. 3 K 37. 4 K 47. 5 K
8. 1 K 18. 2 K 28. 3 K 38. 4 K 48. 5 K
9. 1 K 19. 2 C 29. 3 C 39. 4 K
10. 1 K 20. 2 K 30. 3 K 40. 4 K
Multiple Choice Questions
49. 1 K 68. 2 C 87. 2 AP 106. 3 K 125. 5 K
50. 1 K 69. 2 K 88. 2 AP 107. 3 C 126. 5 K
51. 1 K 70. 2 K 89. 2 AP 108. 3 C 127. 5 K
52. 1 C 71. 2 K 90. 2 AP 109. 3 AP 128. 2 AP
53. 1 C 72. 2 K 91. 2 K 110. 3 AP 129. 2 AP
54. 1 K 73. 2 K 92. 2 AP 111. 3 AP 130. 2 AP
55. 1 K 74. 2 K 93. 2 AP 112. 3 AP 131. 2 AP
56. 1 K 75. 2 C 94. 2 AP 113. 3 AP 132. 2 AP
57. 1 K 76. 2 C 95. 2 AP 114. 3 AP 133. 3 AP
58. 1 AN 77. 2 K 96. 2 AP 115. 3 C 134. 3 AP
59. 1 K 78. 2 K 97. 2 AP 116. 4 K 135. 3 AP
60. 1 K 79. 2 C 98. 2 AP 117. 4 K 136. 3 AP
61. 1 K 80. 2 C 99. 3 AP 118. 4 K 137. 2 AP
62. 1 C 81. 2 K 100. 3 AP 119. 5 K 138. 2 AP
63. 2 K 82. 2 AP 101. 3 AP 120. 5 K 139. 2 AP
64. 2 K 83. 2 AP 102. 3 K 121. 5 K 140. 2 AP
65. 2 AP 84. 2 AP 103. 3 K 122. 5 K 141. 2 AP
66. 2 C 85. 2 AP 104. 3 K 123. 5 K 142. 2 AP
67. 2 C 86. 2 AP 105. 3 K 124. 5 K
Matching
143. 1,2,3,4 K
7,7 Exercises
144. 1 AN 147. 2 AP 150. 2 AP 153. 2,3 AP 156. 2,3 AP
145. 2 C 148. 2 K 151. 2,3 AP 154. 2,3 AP 157. 2,3 AN
146. 2 AP 149. 2 C 152. 2 AP 155. 1,2 AP 158. 2,3 AN
Challenge Exercises
159. 2,3 AN 160. 2,3 AN
Short-Answer Essays
161. 1 K 163. 1 C 165. 3 C 167. 4 C
162. 1 K 164. 2 C 166. 3 C
1-2 Test Bank to accompany Jiambalvo Managerial Accounting, 7th Edition

TRUE-FALSE STATEMENTS
1. Financial accounting stresses accounting concepts and procedures that are relevant to
preparing reports for internal users of accounting information.
Ans: False, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC:
Communication, IMA: Reporting

2. The goal of managerial accounting is to provide information for planning, controlling, and
reporting information to shareholders.
Ans: False, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC:
Communication, IMA: Reporting

3. A thorough understanding of managerial accounting is essential to be an effective manager.

Ans: True, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC: Communication,
IMA: Reporting

4. A production cost budget provides details of planned production amounts and the cost of
resources needed for production.

Ans: True, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC: Communication,
IMA: Reporting

5. Budgets can be used to communicate a company’s goals to employees.

Ans: True, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC: Communication,
IMA: Reporting

6. Only amounts that can be expressed in dollars and cents can be used in preparing budgets.

Ans: False, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC:
Communication, IMA: Reporting

7. A favorable evaluation of an operation indicates that the manager of that operation is

performing adequately.

Ans: False, LO: 1, Bloom: C, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC:
Communication, IMA: Reporting

8. Performance reports are used for control purposes.

Ans: True, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC: Communication,
IMA: Reporting

9. Performance reports, like other managerial accounting reports, must follow GAAP.

Ans: False, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC:
Communication, IMA: Reporting

10. Budgets show comparisons of current period performance to the planned performance.

Ans: False, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC:
Communication, IMA: Reporting

11. Management by exception requires managers to investigate every difference between actual
and budgeted costs that causes profit to be less than budgeted.
1-3 Chapter 1 Managerial Accounting in the Information Age

Ans: False, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC:
Communication, IMA: Reporting

12. Decisions to reward or punish managers are part of the planning and control process.

Ans: True, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC: Communication,
IMA: Reporting

13. Managerial accounting is directed at internal users of accounting information.

Ans: True, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC: Communication,
IMA: Reporting

14. Financial accounting must follow generally accepted accounting principles, whereas
managerial accounting stresses information that is useful to managers.

Ans: True, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC: Communication,
IMA: Reporting

15 Managerial accounting may present more detailed information than financial accounting.

Ans: True, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC: Communication,
IMA: Reporting

16. Managerial accounting stresses that the information provided should be useful to decision
makers such as creditors and shareholders.

Ans: False, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC:
Communication, IMA: Reporting

17. Financial accounting is concerned with presenting results of past transactions, while
managerial accounting places considerable emphasis on the future.

Ans: True, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC: Communication,
IMA: Reporting

18. Variable costs in total increase or decrease in proportion with changes in the level of business
activity.

Ans: True, LO: 2, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

19. Equipment depreciation is generally a controllable cost for a factory department supervisor.

Ans: False, LO: 2, Bloom: C, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

20. Fixed cost per unit remains the same even though there is a change in the number of units
produced.

Ans: False, LO: 2, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC:
Communication, IMA: Reporting

21. Variable cost per unit remains constant when the number of units produced changes.
Ans: True, LO: 2, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
1-4 Test Bank to accompany Jiambalvo Managerial Accounting, 7th Edition

22. Sunk costs are never a consideration in incremental analysis.

Ans: True, LO: 2, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

23. Opportunity costs are the value of benefits forgone when one alternative is selected over
another.
Ans: True, LO: 2, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

24. Indirect costs are directly traceable to a product, activity, or department.

Ans: False, LO: 2, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

25. Since a manager can influence noncontrollable costs, they should be considered when
evaluating a manager’s performance.

Ans: False, LO: 2, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

26. Incremental analysis involves calculating the difference in revenue and difference in costs
between alternatives.

Ans: True, LO: 3, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Decision Analysis

27. The actions of a manager are influenced by the performance measures that are used to
evaluate the manager.

Ans: True, LO: 3, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Decision Analysis

28. Incremental analysis is the appropriate way to approach the solution to all business financial
decisions.

Ans: True, LO: 3, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Decision Analysis

29. A good single measure of performance for a sales force would be the ratio of sales to new
customers to total sales.

Ans: True, LO: 3, Bloom: C, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Decision Analysis

30. Costs that increase due to a special order are not considered as incremental.

Ans: False, LO: 3, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Decision Analysis

31. Managerial accounting is a key provider of information that impacts the information age.

Ans: True, LO: 4, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Information Management
1-5 Chapter 1 Managerial Accounting in the Information Age

32. Firm value is created when the value to the customer of receiving products and services
exceeds the cost of these activities,

Ans: True, LO: 4, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Information Management

33. One aspect of the value chain involves information flows between a company and its
customers.

Ans: True, LO: 4, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Information Management

34. Businesses sometimes share sales databases with suppliers so suppliers can respond more
quickly.

Ans: True, LO: 4, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Information Management

35. Enterprise resource planning systems focus on managing a variety of customer interactions.

Ans: False, LO: 4, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Information Management

36. Enterprise resource planning systems (ERP) often support accounting, human resources, and
e-commerce, in addition to production.

Ans: True, LO: 4, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Information Management

37. Supply chain management systems (SCM) allow suppliers some access to a company’s
databases so goods can more profitably be delivered to a company’s customers.

Ans: True, LO: 4, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Information Management

38. Customer Relationship Management Systems (CRM) involve activities between companies
and its suppliers in an effort to enhance production and delivery of goods to customers.

Ans: False, LO: 4, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Information Management

39. A Customer Relationship Management System (CRM) might allow a customer to track his/her
package as it is being shipped across the country.

Ans: True, LO: 4, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Information Management

40. Walmart and Procter & Gamble are two companies that collaborate in the use of Supply Chain
Management (SCM).

Ans: True, LO: 4, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Information Management

41. Managers that are able to recognize all ethical dilemmas have the most profitable businesses.
Ans: False, LO: 5, Bloom: C, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Ethical Conduct, IMA: Business Applications
1-6 Test Bank to accompany Jiambalvo Managerial Accounting, 7th Edition

42. A good code of ethics eliminates potential unethical behavior.

Ans: False, LO: 5, Bloom: C, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Ethical Conduct, IMA: Business Applications

43. The U.S. government has charged the Institute of Management Accountants with primary
responsibility for developing ethics laws that businesses must follow.

Ans: False, LO: 5, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Ethical Conduct, IMA: Business Applications

44. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires that companies provide relevant managerial accounting
information to decision-makers.

Ans: False, LO: 5, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Ethical Conduct, IMA: Business Applications

45. In most organizations, the controller is the top managerial accountant.

Ans: True, LO: 5, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Business Applications

46. The treasurer usually reports to the controller.

Ans: False, LO: 5, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Business Applications

47. The controller is responsible for preparing reports for planning and evaluating company
activities.

Ans: True, LO: 5, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Business Applications

48. The treasurer has custody of cash and funds invested in marketable securities.

Ans: True, LO: 5, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Business Applications

Answers to True-False
1 F 9 F 17 T 25 F 33 T 41 F
2 F 10 F 18 T 26 T 34 T 42 F
3 T 11 F 19 F 27 T 35 F 43 F
4 T 12 T 20 F 28 T 36 T 44 F
5 T 13 T 21 T 29 T 37 T 45 T
6 F 14 T 22 T 30 F 38 F 46 F
7 F 15 T 23 T 31 T 39 T 47 T
8 T 16 F 24 F 32 T 40 T 48 T
1-7 Chapter 1 Managerial Accounting in the Information Age

MULTIPLE CHOICE

49. Managerial accounting stresses accounting concepts and procedures that are relevant to
preparing reports for
A. investors and banks.
B. internal users of accounting information.
C. shareholders and creditors.
D. the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).

Ans: B, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC: Communication,
IMA: Reporting

50. The goal of managerial accounting is to provide information that managers need for
A. planning, control, and financial reporting.
B. control, evaluation, and financial reporting.
C. planning, control, and decision making.
D. preparing reports for external users.

Ans: C, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC: Communication,
IMA: Reporting

51. The financial plans prepared by managerial accountants are referred to as

A. budgets.
B. financial statements.
C. treasurer’s reports.
D. controller’s opinions.

Ans: A, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC: Communication,
IMA: Reporting

52. Which of the following is not a reason that current period performance results may differ from
the company’s budget for that period?
A. The plan may not have been followed properly.
B. The plan may not have been well thought-out.
C. Changing circumstances may have made the plan out of date.
D. All of the above are reasons that actual results may differ from the company’s plan.

Ans: D, LO: 1, Bloom: C, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC:
Communication, IMA: Reporting

53. Which one of the following is true as it relates to the management function of control?
A. It is achieved by evaluating the performance of managers.
B. It is achieved by evaluating the operations for which a manager is responsible.
C. It is necessary only when performance is less than expected.
D. It is achieved by evaluating the performance of managers and the operations for which
they are responsible.

Ans: D, LO: 1, Bloom: C, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC:
Communication, IMA: Reporting

54. Which one of the following is the last step in the planning and control process?
A. Implement a plan.
B. Construct a plan.
C. Make decisions based on the evaluation of the results.
D. Compare actual results to the planned results.
1-8 Test Bank to accompany Jiambalvo Managerial Accounting, 7th Edition

Ans: C, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC: Communication,
IMA: Reporting

55. Performance reports often compare current performance with

A. a competing company’s performance.
B. shareholders’ expected level of performance.
C. industry standards.
D. performance in a prior period or budgeted performance.

Ans: D, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC: Communication,
IMA: Reporting

56. When using management by exception, a difference between actual costs and budgeted costs
A. should be investigated if the amount is large.
B. indicates that the planned cost was poorly estimated.
C. indicates that the manager is doing a poor job.
D. should be ignored if it increases profit.

Ans: A, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC: Communication,
IMA: Reporting

57. Wilson Company’s managers investigate departures from the budget that appear to be
significant. What principle is being followed?
A. Small amounts do not matter
B. Management by exception
C. Incremental analysis
D. You get what you measure

Ans: B, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC: Communication,
IMA: Reporting

58. Below is a performance report that compares budgeted and actual profit of Atlanta Enterprises
for the month of June:
Budget Actual Difference
Sales $182,000 $180,000 ($2,000)
Less:
Cost of ingredients 145,000 141,000 4,000
Salaries 24,000 23,000 1,000
Controllable profit $ 13,000 $ 16,000 $ 3,000

In evaluating the department in terms of its changes in sales and expenses, what will be most
important to investigate?
A. Sales
B. Cost of ingredients
C. Salaries
D. Debtors

Ans: B, LO: 1, Bloom: AN, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC:
Communication, IMA: Reporting

59. Managerial accounting

A. is primarily directed at external users of accounting information.
B. is required by taxing authorities such as the IRS.
C. must follow GAAP.
1-9 Chapter 1 Managerial Accounting in the Information Age

D. focuses on future performance.

Ans: D, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC: Communication,
IMA: Reporting

60. The fundamental difference between managerial and financial accounting is that
A. all financial accounting information is audited by Certified Public Accountants whereas
managerial accounting information is audited by the IMA.
B. managerial accounting is concerned principally with budgets, whereas financial
accounting is concerned with a wider range of the organization’s activities.
C. managerial accounting provides information for decision-makers within the
organization, whereas financial accounting provides information for individuals and
institutions external to the organization.
D. financial accounting information follows U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting
Principles, whereas managerial accounting information generally follows rules set forth
by the Institute of Management Accountants.

Ans: C, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC: Communication,
IMA: Reporting

61. Which of the following is a difference between financial accounting and managerial
accounting?
A. Managerial accounting is primarily concerned with reporting the past, while financial
accounting is more concerned with future decisions that external users may need to
make.
B. Managerial accounting uses monetary and nonmonetary information, whereas financial
accounting reports monetary information.
C. Managerial accounting is primarily concerned with providing information for external
users while financial accounting is concerned with internal users.
D. Financial accounting is rather detailed, while managerial accounting is more
summarized.
Ans: B, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC: Communication,
IMA: Reporting
1-10 Test Bank to accompany Jiambalvo Managerial Accounting, 7th Edition

62. Which one of the following is most likely to make use of Ralston Enterprises’ managerial
accounting information?
A. The IRS
B. An individual contemplating an investment in Ralston Enterprises
C. A company that is one of Ralston’s main suppliers
D. The production manager of Ralston’s plant in Georgia

Ans: D, LO: 1, Bloom: C, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC: Communication,
IMA: Reporting

63. Which of the following costs will change when the level of business activity changes?
A. Total fixed costs
B. Variable cost per unit
C. A company’s total costs
D. Sunk cost

Ans: C, LO: 2, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

64. Variable cost per unit

A. increases when the number of units produced increases.
B. does not change when the number of units produced increases.
C. decreases when the number of units produced increases.
D. decreases when the number of units produced decreases.

Ans: B, LO: 2, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

65. Kilwin’s Candies produced and sold 600 boxes of chocolate covered popcorn last month and
had total variable costs of $2,100 that reflected the costs of chocolate and popcorn
(ingredients). Each box of popcorn sells for $12.00. If production and sales are expected to
increase by 10% next month, which of the following statements is true?
A. Total variable costs are expected to be $1,785
B. Variable cost per unit is expected to be $3.50
C. The incremental cost per unit is expected to be $0.35
D. Unit variable costs are expected to be $2.10

Ans: B, LO: 2, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
Solution: $2,100 / 600 = $3.50

66. A company has a cost that is $3.00 per unit at a volume of 9,000 units and $3.00 per unit at a
volume of 11,000 units. What type of cost is this?
A. Fixed
B. Variable
C. Sunk
D. Noncontrollable

Ans: B, LO: 2, Bloom: C, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

67. Which of the following is most likely to be a fixed cost?

A. Cost of wheels for a lawn mower manufacturer
B. Rent on a factory building
C. Cost of labor for cashiers at a retail store
1-11 Chapter 1 Managerial Accounting in the Information Age

D. Supplies used by the housekeeping staff that cleans hotel rooms

Ans: B, LO: 2, Bloom: C, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

68. Bagel Time produced and sold 2,500 bagels last month and incurred fixed costs totaling
$8,000. If production and sales are expected to decrease by 10% next month, which of the
following statements is true?
A. Total fixed costs will increase.
B. Total fixed costs will decrease.
C. Fixed cost per unit will increase.
D. Fixed cost per unit will decrease.

Ans: C, LO: 2, Bloom: C, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

69. Which of the following statements regarding fixed costs is true?

A. When production increases, fixed cost per unit increases.
B. When production decreases, total fixed costs decrease.
C. When production increases, fixed cost per unit decreases.
D. When production decreases, total fixed costs increase.

Ans: C, LO: 2, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

70. Costs incurred in the past that are not incremental to present decisions are
A. fixed costs.
B. sunk costs.
C. opportunity costs.
D. variable costs.

Ans: B, LO: 2, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

71. A sunk cost is a cost

A. expected to be incurred in the future which is not relevant to present decisions.
B. incurred in the current period which changes with changes in production activity.
C. incurred in the current period which remains constant even though activity changes.
D. incurred in the past that is not relevant for future decisions.

Ans: D, LO: 2, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

72. Sunk costs

A. can be incremental or not incremental, depending on the decision to be made.
B. include all incremental costs to management decisions.
C. are costs that cannot be directly traded to a product, activity, or department.
D. None of these answer choices are correct.

Ans: D, LO: 2, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

73. Opportunity costs are

A. considered to be fixed costs in the short-term.
B. another term for sunk costs.
1-12 Test Bank to accompany Jiambalvo Managerial Accounting, 7th Edition

C. costs that are controlled by most effective managers.

D. the value of benefits forgone when one decision alternative is selected over another.

Ans: D, LO: 2, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

74. Which of the following is a benefit given up when one decision alternative is selected over
another?
A. Sunk cost
B. Controllable cost
C. Opportunity cost
D. Incremental cost

Ans: C, LO: 2, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

75. You own a car and are trying to decide whether to trade it in and buy a new car. Which of the
following costs is an opportunity cost in this situation?
A. The trip to Europe that you will not be able to take if you buy the car
B. The cost of the car you are trading in
C. The cost of toothpaste and soap that you need for the next few months
D. The cost of your meals for the last week

Ans: A, LO: 2, Bloom: C, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

76. A retailer purchased some trendy clothes that have gone out of style and must be marked
down to 60% of the original selling price in order to be sold. Which of the following is a sunk
cost in this situation?
A. The current selling price
B. The original selling price
C. The original purchase price
D. The anticipated profit

Ans: C, LO: 2, Bloom: C, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

77. A cost which is directly traceable to a product, activity, or department is a(n)

A. fixed cost.
B. managerial cost.
C. opportunity cost.
D. direct cost.

Ans: D, LO: 2, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

78. Which of the following statements regarding direct and indirect costs is true?
A. Direct costs are always variable and indirect costs are always fixed.
B. Sunk costs are always direct, and opportunity costs are always fixed.
C. The distinction between a direct and indirect cost depends on the product, activity, or
department to which the cost pertains.
D. If a cost is indirect to a department within a plant, it will also be indirect for the plant as
a whole.
1-13 Chapter 1 Managerial Accounting in the Information Age

Ans: C, LO: 2, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

79. Which of the following is a direct cost in relation to the cost of teaching the managerial
accounting course in a college?
A. The cost of the paper that is given as handouts in the class
B. The cost of the electricity to light the classroom
C. The cost of the registration system
D. The cost of the financial aid department of the college

Ans: A, LO: 2, Bloom: C, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

80. Which of the following is likely to be a noncontrollable cost of a department supervisor?

A. Labor in the department
B. Materials used in the department
C. Insurance on the plant
D. Overtime premium pay earned by those working in the department

Ans: C, LO: 2, Bloom: C, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

81. On which of the following costs should a manager not be evaluated?

A. Noncontrollable costs
B. Opportunity costs
C. Fixed costs
D. Variable costs

Ans: A, LO: 2, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

82. Hurricane Wings has budgeted the following costs for a month in which 24,000 wings will be
cooked and sold.
Wings, breading, and
sauce $4,900
Direct labor (Variable) 3,500
Rent 1,100
Depreciation 900
Other fixed costs 400
Each wing sells for $0.80 each. How much is the budgeted variable cost per unit?
A. $0.35
B. $0.45
C. $0.80
D. None of these answer choices are correct.

Ans: A, LO: 2, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
Solution: ($4,900 + $3,500) / 24,000 = $0.35
1-14 Test Bank to accompany Jiambalvo Managerial Accounting, 7th Edition

83. Hurricane Wings has budgeted the following costs for a month in which 24,000 wings will be
cooked and sold.
Wings, breading, and
sauce $4,900
Direct labor (Variable) 3,500
Rent 1,100
Depreciation 900
Other fixed costs 400
Each wing sells for $0.80 each. What is the budgeted total variable cost?
A. $8,400
B. $9,500
C. $10,400
D. $10,800

Ans: A, LO: 2, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
Solution: $4,900 + $3,500 = $8,400

84. Hurricane Wings has budgeted the following costs for a month in which 24,000 wings will be
cooked and sold.
Wings, breading, and
sauce $4,900
Direct labor (Variable) 3,500
Rent 1,100
Depreciation 900
Other fixed costs 400
Each wing sells for $0.80 each. What is the budgeted total fixed cost?
A. $7,300
B. $2,400
C. $8,400
D. $10,800

Ans: B, LO: 2, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
Solution: $1,100 + $900 + $400 = $2,400

85. Hurricane Wings has budgeted the following costs for a month in which 24,000 wings will be
cooked and sold.
Wings, breading, and
sauce $4,900
Direct labor (Variable) 3,500
Rent 1,100
Depreciation 900
Other fixed costs 400

Each wing sells for $0.80 each. What is the budgeted fixed cost per unit?
A. $0.35
B. $0.80
C. $0.10
D. $0.17
Ans: C, LO: 2, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
Solution: $1,100 + $900 + $400 = $2,400 / 24,000 = $0.10
1-15 Chapter 1 Managerial Accounting in the Information Age

86. Hurricane Wings has budgeted the following costs for a month in which 24,000 wings will be
cooked and sold.

Wings, breading, and

sauce $4,900
Direct labor (Variable) 3,500
Rent 1,100
Depreciation 900
Other fixed costs 400
Each wing sells for $0.80 each. What is Hurricane Wings’ budgeted profit?
A. $8,400
B. $19,200
C. $10,800
D. $13,200

Ans: A, LO: 2, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
Solution: ($0.80 x 24,000) – ($4,900 + $3,500 + $1,100 + $900 + $400) = $8,400

87. Hurricane Wings has budgeted the following costs for a month in which 24,000 wings will be
cooked and sold.
Wings, breading, and
sauce $4,900
Direct labor (Variable) 3,500
Rent 1,100
Depreciation 900
Other fixed costs 400
Each wing sells for $0.80 each. How much will Hurricane Wing’s profit increase if 100 more
wings were sold?
A. $80.00
B. $35.00
C. $45.00
D. None of these answer choices are correct.

Ans: C, LO: 2, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
Solution: $0.80 – ((4,900 + 3,500) / 24,000) = $0.45; $0.45 x 100 = $45.00

88. Dent Lab Car Repair projects variable labor costs of $21,500 in July when 8,600 units are
produced. If production is expected to drop to 8,000 units in August, what is the expected labor
cost in August?
A. $21,500
B. $20,000
C. $23,113
D. $20,900

Ans: B, LO: 2, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
Solution: $21,500 / 8,600 = $2.50; $2.50 x 8,000 = $20,000
1-16 Test Bank to accompany Jiambalvo Managerial Accounting, 7th Edition

89. Sweet Time Candies projects its factory rent to be $8,000 in August when 4,000 pounds of
candy are expected to be produced. If rent is a fixed cost, and if production is expected to
increase to 6,000 units in September, what is the expected cost of rent in September?
A. $12,000
B. $8,000
C. $7,000
D. Not enough information is provided to determine the answer.

Ans: B, LO: 2, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
Solution: Total fixed cost remains the same at $8,000 regardless of volume.

90. Rincon Gifts had the following costs in May when 400 ceramic pots were produced: materials,
$4,200; labor cost, $1,600; depreciation, $800; rent, $700; and other fixed costs, $500. Which
one of the following is the correct cost for Rincon?
A. The fixed cost per unit is $3.75
B. The variable cost per unit is $14.50
C. The fixed cost per unit is $19.50
D. The total cost per unit is $14.50

Ans: B, LO: 2, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
Solution: ($4,200 + $1,600) / 400 = $14.50

91. Rincon Gifts had the following costs in May when 400 ceramic pots were produced: materials,
$4,200; labor cost, $1,600; depreciation, $800; rent, $700; and other fixed costs, $500. If
production changes to 500 units, which of the following costs will stay the same?
A. Variable cost per unit
B. Fixed cost per unit
C. Total variable cost
D. Total cost per unit

Ans: A, LO: 2, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

92. Rincon Gifts had the following costs in May when 400 ceramic pots were produced: materials,
$4,200; hourly labor, $1,600; depreciation, $800; rent, $700; and other fixed costs, $500. If the
production level changes to 500 units, how much will the total costs be?
A. $9,750
B. $7,800
C. $9,250
D. $1,950

Ans: C, LO: 2, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
Solution: ($4,200 + $1,600) / 400 = $14.50; ($14.50 x 500) + $800 + $700 + $500 = $9,250

93. Variable cost per unit is budgeted to be $8.00 and fixed cost per unit is budgeted to be $5.00
in a period when 4,000 units are produced. If production is actually 5,100 units, what is the
expected total cost of the units produced?
A. $52,000
B. $60,800
C. $66,300
D. $40,800
1-17 Chapter 1 Managerial Accounting in the Information Age

Ans: B, LO: 2, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Difficult, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
Solution: ($8.00 x 5,100) + ($5 x 4,000) = $60,800

94. In a period when anticipated production is 5,000 units, budgeted variable costs are $75,000
and budgeted fixed costs are $24,000. If 5,600 units are actually produced, what is the
expected total cost?
A. $110,600
B. $84,000
C. $108,000
D. $88,394

Ans: C, LO: 2, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
Solution: (($75,000 / 5,000) x 5,600) + $24,000 = $108,000

95. In a period when anticipated production is 20,000 units, budgeted variable costs are $85,000
and budgeted fixed costs are $45,000. If 15,000 units are actually produced, what is the
expected total cost?
A. $130,000
B. $97,500
C. $108,750
D. $118,750

Ans: C, LO: 2, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
Solution: (($85,000 / 20,000) x 15,000) + $45,000 = $108,750

96. Rom Generators is in the process of preparing a production cost budget for August. Actual
costs in July for the production of 60 generators were:

Materials cost $ 5,200

Labor cost 2,600
Rent 1,200
Depreciation 1,700
Other fixed costs 4,600
Total $15,300

Materials and labor are the only variable costs. If production and sales are budgeted to
increase to 70 generators in August, how much is the expected total cost on the August
budget?
A. $17,850
B. $16,600
C. $9,100
D. $15,300

Ans: B, LO: 2, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
Solution: (($5,200 + $2,600) / 60) x 70 + $1,200 + $1,700 + $4,600 = $16,600

97. Rom Generators is in the process of preparing a production cost budget for August. Actual
costs in July for the production of 60 generators were:
1-18 Test Bank to accompany Jiambalvo Managerial Accounting, 7th Edition

Materials cost $ 5,200

Labor cost 2,600
Rent 1,200
Depreciation 1,700
Other fixed costs 4,600
Total $15,300

Materials and labor are the only variable costs. If production and sales are budgeted to
increase to 70 generators in August, how much is the expected total variable cost on the
August budget?
A. $17,850
B. $16,600
C. $9,100
D. $15,300

Ans: C, LO: 2, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
Solution: (($5,200 + $2,600) / 60) x 70) = $9,100

98. Rom Generators is in the process of preparing a production cost budget for August. Actual
costs in July for the production of 60 generators were:

Materials cost $ 5,200

Labor cost 2,600
Rent 1,200
Depreciation 1,700
Other fixed costs 4,600
Total $15,300

Materials and labor are the only variable costs. The company has estimated that it can
increase sales to 70 generators in August if it changes the selling price of generators to $450
instead of the current $480 per unit. What is expected to occur to the cost per unit given the
expected changes?

A. It will decline because fixed costs do not increase with increases in volume.
B. It will decline because selling price per unit declines.
C. It will increase because more units will be produced.
D. It will increase because fixed costs do not increase with increases in volume.

Ans: A, LO: 2, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

99. Barney & Robles plans to produce 50,000 books next year at a total cost of $1,900,000. The
fixed costs total $120,000. Selling price per book is $65.00. Management is considering
lowering the price to $62.00 per unit, and feels that this action will cause sales to climb to
54,000 books. What is the incremental revenue generated if 54,000 units are sold?
A. $44,400
B. $98,000
C. $3,348,000
D. $3,250,000
Ans: B, LO: 3, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Decision Analysis
Solution: (50,000 x $65) – (54,000 x $62.00) = $98,000
1-19 Chapter 1 Managerial Accounting in the Information Age

100. Hanover Binding plans to produce 40,000 books next year at a total cost of $1,640,000 with a
selling price per book of $66.00. The fixed costs total $280,000. Management is considering
lowering the price to $60.00 per book, and feels that this action will cause sales to climb to
50,000 books. What will be the incremental costs incurred if 50,000 books are sold?
A. $340,000
B. $20,000
C. $1,700,000
D. $1,300,000
Ans: A, LO: 3, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Decision Analysis
Solution: ($1,640,000 - $280,000) / 40,000 = $34; ($34 x 50000) + $280,000 = $1,980,000; $1,980,000 - $1,640,000 =
$340,000

101. Hanover Binding plans to produce 40,000 books next year at a total cost of $1,640,000 with a
selling price per book of $66.00. The fixed costs total $280,000. Management is considering
lowering the price to $60.00 per book, and feels that this action will cause sales to climb to
50,000 books. What is the amount of incremental profit if 50,000 books are sold?
A. $340,000 profit
B. $20,000 profit
C. $1,700,000 profit
D. $1,300,000 profit

Ans: B, LO: 3, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Difficult, Min: 3, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Decision Analysis
Solution: ($1,640,000 - $280,000) / 40,000 = $34; ($34 x 50000) + $280,000 = $1,980,000; $1,980,000 - $1,640,000 =
$340,000 (Incremental cost savings);
(50,000 x $60) - (40,000 x $66.00) = $360,000 (Incremental revenue); $360,000 - $340,000 = $20,000 profit

102. Which of the following terms involves calculating the difference in revenue and the difference
in cost between decision alternatives?
A. Budgeting production
B. Incremental analysis
C. Profit planning
D. Systems development
Ans: B, LO: 3, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Decision Analysis

103. Which of the following statements regarding incremental analysis is true? Assume that there
are no opportunity costs and that the capacity exists to complete any of the alternatives.
A. The preferred alternative will have revenues that are greater than the revenues of the
other alternatives.
B. The preferred alternative will have expenses that are greater than the expenses of the
other alternatives.
C. The preferred alternative will have fixed expenses that are less than the fixed expenses
of the other alternatives.
D. The preferred alternative will have profits that are greater than the profits of the other
alternatives.

Ans: D, LO: 3, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Decision Analysis

104. Which one of the following will most likely influence the actions of managers?
A. Sunk costs
B. Performance measures
C. Noncontrollable costs
1-20 Test Bank to accompany Jiambalvo Managerial Accounting, 7th Edition

D. GAAP
Ans: B, LO: 3, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Decision Analysis

105. Which of the following is not a reasonable measure of a plant manager’s performance?
A. Net income
B. Cost of insurance for the plant
C. Number of orders delivered on time
D. Change in market share

Ans: B, LO: 3, Bloom: C, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Decision Analysis

106. “You get what you measure!” refers to the relationship between
A. managerial accounting and financial accounting.
B. ethical and unethical behavior.
C. duties of the CEO and duties of the controller.
D. performance measures and actions of managers.

Ans: D, LO: 3, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Decision Analysis

107. If management informs employees that bonuses will depend solely on improving the gross
profit ratio (gross profit/sales), which of the following behaviors would most likely be observed?
A. Sales people would quit trying to sell high volume, low margin core products
B. Overall sales would fall
C. Overall gross profit would fall
D. All of these answer choices are correct

Ans: A, LO: 3, Bloom: C, Difficulty: Difficult, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Decision Analysis

108. Which of the following statements regarding performance measures is true?

A. GAAP requires performance measures for all employees.
B. Companies must select from performance measures published by its own industry
when deciding how they want to assess performance.
C. Employees tend to direct their attention to what is measured and may neglect what is
not measured.
D. Companies need to place emphasis on a single performance measure so employees
know what to expect.
Ans: C, LO: 3, Bloom: C, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Decision Analysis

109. ProLight plans to sell 1,600 white lights that enhance indoor plant growth next year with total
budgeted sales of $48,000 and estimated profit of $8,000. Variable costs are projected to be
$17.50 per unit. Customer A offers to pay $10,000 to buy 400 lights from ProLight. Total fixed
costs are $12,000 per year. This offer does not affect ProLight’s other planned operations.
How much is the incremental revenue associated with the offer from Customer A?
A. $58,000
B. $10,000
C. $48,000
D. $3,000
1-21 Chapter 1 Managerial Accounting in the Information Age

Ans: B, LO: 3, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Decision Analysis

110. ProLight plans to sell 1,600 white lights that enhance indoor plant growth next year with total
budgeted sales of $48,000 and estimated profit of $8,000. Variable costs are projected to be
$17.50 per unit. Customer A offers to pay $10,000 to buy 400 lights from ProLight. Total fixed
costs are $12,000 per year. This offer does not affect ProLight’s other planned operations.
What is the incremental cost associated with the offer from Customer A?
A. $58,000
B. $10,000
C. $48,000
D. $7,000

Ans: D, LO: 3, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Decision Analysis
Solution: 400 x $17.50 = $7,000

111. ProLight plans to sell 1,600 white lights that enhance indoor plant growth next year with total
budgeted sales of $48,000 and estimated profit of $8,000. Variable costs are projected to be
$17.50 per unit. Customer A offers to pay $10,000 to buy 400 lights from ProLight. Total fixed
costs are $12,000 per year. This offer does not affect ProLight’s other planned operations.
How much is incremental profit associated with the offer from Customer A?
A. $3,000
B. $10,000
C. $48,000
D. $7,000

Ans: A, LO: 3, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Decision Analysis
Solution: $10,000 – (400 x $17.50) = $3,000

112. Goody Buy Electronics has received an offer from a customer for $21,600 to purchase 12,000
external hard drives. Good Buy has budgeted sales of 200,000 hard drives totaling $500,000,
with fixed costs of $260,000 and total costs of $420,000. Assuming that Good Buy has the
capacity to produce the additional units and that accepting this order will not affect any other
orders, what effect will accepting the order have on Good Buy’s profit?
A. Incremental profit will increase by $21,600
B. Incremental profit will decrease by $9,600
C. Incremental profit will increase by $12,000
D. Incremental profit will decrease by $3,600

Ans: C, LO: 3, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Decision Analysis
Solution: $21,600 – (($420,000 - $260,000) / 200,000 x 12,000) = $12,000 incremental profit

113. Classic Loungers is in the process of preparing a production cost budget for August. Actual
costs in July for 200 chaise lounge chairs were:
Materials cost $ 6,000
Labor cost 8,000
Rent 2,000
Depreciation 4,000
Other fixed costs 5,000
Total $25,000
1-22 Test Bank to accompany Jiambalvo Managerial Accounting, 7th Edition

Each chair was sold for $140 in July. Management estimates that sales will increase to 230
chairs during August if the company lowers the selling price to $130 per chair. Materials and
labor are the only variable costs. How much is the incremental cost of producing an extra 30
chairs?
A. $1,900
B. $2,100
C. $3,750
D. $(200)
Ans: B, LO: 3, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Decision Analysis
Solution: (($6,000 + $8,000) / 200) x 230 = $16,100; $16,100 - $14,000 = $2,100 incremental cost

114. Classic Loungers is in the process of preparing a production cost budget for August. Actual
costs in July for 200 chaise lounge chairs were:
Materials cost $ 6,000
Labor cost 8,000
Rent 2,000
Depreciation 4,000
Other fixed costs 5,000
Total $25,000
Each chair was sold for $140 in July. Management estimates that sales will increase to 230
chairs during August if the company lowers the selling price to $130 per chair. Materials and
labor are the only variable costs. How much is the incremental revenue associated with the
price reduction?
A. $200
B. $2,100
C. $3,750
D. $1,900

Ans: D, LO: 3, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Decision Analysis
Solution: ($140 x 200) – ($130 x 230) = $1,900

115. Classic Loungers is in the process of preparing a production cost budget for August. Actual
costs in July for 200 chaise lounge chairs were:
Materials cost $ 6,000
Labor cost 8,000
Rent 2,000
Depreciation 4,000
Other fixed costs 5,000
Total $25,000
Each chair was sold for $140 in July. Management estimates that sales will increase to 230
chairs during August if the company lowers the selling price to $130 per chair. Materials and
labor are the only variable costs. Under what situation should the company lower the price of
its chaise lounge chairs?
A. If total revenue exceeds totals costs under the new pricing
B. If incremental revenue exceeds the old revenue
C. If incremental profit is a positive number
D. If incremental costs decrease

Ans: C, LO: 3, Bloom: C, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Decision Analysis

116. Which of the following is true concerning Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems?
1-23 Chapter 1 Managerial Accounting in the Information Age

A. They grew out of the material requirements planning systems that preceded them.
B. They will allow customers to track their orders.
C. They are considered sunk costs.
D. All of these answer choices are correct.

Ans: A, LO: 4, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Information Management

117. Which of the following would most likely be a Customer Relationship Management System
component?
A. A system allowing customers to do online banking.
B. A system that prepares a master production schedule.
C. A system that links the company’s suppliers electronically to its databases.
D. A system that manages human resources.

Ans: A, LO: 4, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Information Management

118. Supply Chain Management (SCM) systems

A. computerize inventory control and production planning.
B. organize activities between a company and its suppliers.
C. automate customer service and support.
D. allow customers to track their purchase as it is being produced.

Ans: B, LO: 4, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Information Management

119. Which of the following should be considered when making ethical decisions?
A. What is right?
B. What is standard practice?
C. Is the company’s control system able to detect an irregularity?
D. All of these answer choices are correct.

Ans: A, LO: 5, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Ethical Conduct, IMA: Business Applications

120. Which of the following is one of the questions you should ask when faced with an ethical
dilemma?
A. Will I get caught?
B. What decisions alternatives are available?
C. Are the actions illegal?
D. How big is the effect on the company’s profit?

Ans: B, LO: 5, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Ethical Conduct, IMA: Business Applications

121. The Institute of Management Accountants (IMA)

A. is the professional organization of managerial accountants.
B. administers the comprehensive examination which must be passed before a person
can become a CMA.
C. has developed a set of standards of ethical conduct and maintains an ethics hotline.
D. All of these answer choices are correct.

Ans: D, LO: 5, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Business Applications
1-24 Test Bank to accompany Jiambalvo Managerial Accounting, 7th Edition

122. The organization which administers the Certificate in Management Accounting program is the
A. GAAP.
B. SCM.
C. CRM.
D. IMA.
Ans: D, LO: 5, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Business Applications

123. In most companies, the top management accountant is called the

A. financial analyst.
B. taxation specialist.
C. treasurer.
D. controller.

Ans: D, LO: 5, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Business Applications

124. Which of the following is not usually a responsibility of the controller?

A. Preparing budgets and performance reports
B. Filing tax returns
C. Managing cash and marketable securities
D. Providing information for management decisions

Ans: C, LO: 5, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Business Applications

125. Which of the following skills are needed by those who desire a high-level career in
management accounting?
A. Written and oral communication skills
B. Interpersonal skills
C. Knowledge of the industry in which their firm competes
D. All of these answer choices are correct.
Ans: D, LO: 5, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Business Applications

126. For which one of the following is a company’s treasurer typically held responsible?
A. Reporting information to the IRS
B. Maintaining relationships with investors and creditors
C. Preparing audited financial statements
D. Preparing and analyzing budgets

Ans: B, LO: 5, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Business Applications

127. Many companies have a chief financial officer (CFO). Which of these positions is most likely to
report directly to the CFO?
A. Controller
B. Chief executive officer
C. Janitor
D. Production supervisor
Ans: A, LO: 5, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Business Applications
1-25 Chapter 1 Managerial Accounting in the Information Age

128. Sleep Time produces mattresses. During February, each mattress had has a variable cost of
$260, fixed costs of $56,000 per month, and a unit selling price of $500. If the company
produces and sells 400 mattresses in March February, how much profit will the company
expect for March assuming that the number of mattresses sold and the selling price per
mattress remains the same as that of February?
A. $96,000
B. $160,000
C. $40,000
D. $200,000

Ans: C, LO: 2, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
Solution: ($500 x 400) – ($260 x 400) - $56,000 = $40,000; or ($500 - $260) x 400 - $56,000 = $40,000

129. Sleep Time produces mattresses. Each mattress has a variable cost of $260, fixed costs of
$56,000 per month, and a unit selling price of $500. If the company produces and sells 400
mattresses in February, how much is the unit cost per mattress?
A. $260
B. $400
C. $240
D. $100

Ans: B, LO: 2, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
Solution: $260 + ($56,000 / 400) = $400

130. Triatt Resort has 200 rooms. Each room rents at $130 per night and variable costs total $42
per room per night of occupancy. The fixed costs total $18,700 per month. If 70% of the rooms
are occupied each of the 30 nights in June, how much will total variable costs be for June?
A. $546,000
B. $369,600
C. $176,400
D. $252,000
Ans: C, LO: 2, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
Solution: $42 x .70 x 30 x 200 = $176,400

131. Triatt Resort has 200 rooms. Each room rents at $130 per night and variable costs total $42
per room per night of occupancy. The fixed costs total $18,700 per month. If Triatt is able to
increase occupancy from 70% to 80%, by how much will total costs increase per day during
June?
A. $840
B. $2,710
C. $1,870
D. $1,760

Ans: A, LO: 2, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Difficult, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
Solution: 42 x (.80 - .70) x 200 = $840

132. Triatt Resort has 200 rooms. Each room rents at $130 per night and variable costs total $42
per room per night of occupancy. The fixed costs total $18,700 per month. If Triatt spends an
additional $30,000 in June on advertising, it estimates it can expect an occupancy rate of 85%.
1-26 Test Bank to accompany Jiambalvo Managerial Accounting, 7th Edition

What will be the monthly financial impact of spending this additional money on advertising over
an occupancy level of 70% during June?
A. Profit will increase by $49,200
B. Profit will increase by $7,800
C. Total fixed costs will decrease.
D. Total costs will increase by $1,260

Ans: A, LO: 2, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Difficult, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
Solution: $42 x 200 x .15 = $1,260

133. A company purchases machinery costing $60,000 in October of 2020. Five years later,
management discovers better, more efficient machine that could be purchased for $80,000 to
replace the existing machine. Management has determined that they are able to sell the
original machine for $15,000. In making the decision about buying the new machine, how
much are total sunk costs?
A. $60,000
B. $80,000
C. $15,000
D. $20,000

Ans: A, LO: 3, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 2, AACSB: AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Decision Analysis

134. Leah Berry is entering her senior year as an accounting major and has a number of options for
her summer break. Her options for the 3-month break follow:
(1) Work full time at a local accounting firm making $3,200 per month.
(2) Take a summer class which will cost $600 and work half time making $1,600
per month.
(3) Take two classes at a cost of $1,200 and not work at all during the summer.
Leah’s opportunity cost of taking two classes if she chooses option 3 over option 1 would be
A. $3,200 per month.
B. $2,000 per month.
C. $1,200 per month.
D. $1,600 per month.

Ans: A, LO: 3, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Decision Analysis

135. Leah Berry is entering her senior year as an accounting major and has a number of options for
her summer break. Her options for the 3-month break follow:
(1) Work full time at a local accounting firm making $3,200 per month.
(2) Take a summer class which will cost $600 and work half time making $1,600
per month.
(3) Take two classes at a cost of $1,200 and not work at all during the summer.
Leah’s incremental revenue if she chooses option 1 over option 2 would be
A. $1,000 per month.
B. $2,200 per month.
C. $1,600 per month.
D. $3,200 per month.

Ans: C, LO: 3, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Decision Analysis
Solution: $3,200 - $1,600 = $1,600
1-27 Chapter 1 Managerial Accounting in the Information Age

136. Leah Berry is entering her senior year as an accounting major and has a number of options for
her summer break. Her options for the 3-month break follow:
(1) Work full time at a local accounting firm making $3,200 per month.
(2) Take a summer class which will cost $600 and work half time making $1,600 per
month.
(3) Take two classes at a cost of $1,200 and not work at all during the summer.
Leah’s incremental profit (or loss) if she chooses option 2 over option 1 would be
A. ($2,200) per month.
B. ($1,600) per month.
C. ($1,000) per month.
D. $1,000 per month.

Ans: A, LO: 3, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Decision Analysis
Solution: $600 + $1,600 = $2,200

137. Flash Eyes sells mascara. In June, it produced and sold 10,000 tubes of mascara. For the
month, total variable costs were $21,000 and fixed costs totaled $24,000. In July, the company
produced and sold 11,000 tubes of mascara. Which of the following statements is correct for
July?
A. Total variable costs will be $21,000
B. Variable costs per unit will be $2.10
C. Variable costs per unit will be $4.50
D. Total fixed costs will be $26,400

Ans: B, LO: 2, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
Solution: $21,000 / 10,000 = $2.10

138. Flash Eyes sells mascara. In June, it produced and sold 10,000 tubes of mascara. Total
variable costs were $21,000 and fixed costs totaled $24,000. Which of the following
statements is correct if Flash Eyes produced and sold 9,000 units in July?
A. Fixed cost per unit will be $2.67
B. Total fixed costs will be $21,600
C. Variable costs in total will be $40,500
D. Variable costs per unit will be $2.33

Ans: A, LO: 2, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
Solution: $24,000 / 9,000 = $2.67

139. Vita Boost Pets produces a line of cat food. In August, it produced and sold 1,000 bags of
food. Total fixed costs were $19,000. In September, it produced 2,000 bags of food. Which of
the following statements is true for September?
A. Total fixed costs will be $38,000.
B. Total fixed costs will be $9,500
C. Fixed cost per unit will be $19.00.
D. Fixed costs per unit will be $9.50.
Ans: D, LO: 2, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
Solution: $19,000 / 2,000 = $9.50
1-28 Test Bank to accompany Jiambalvo Managerial Accounting, 7th Edition

140. Harrison Carpets incurred the following costs for March when 3,000 square feet of carpet were
produced and sold:
 $18,500 for nylon thread used on carpet
 $5,000 for scotch guard for carpet
 $7,200 for jute backing to reinforce the carpet
 $6,800 for glue to be used in the manufacturing process
 $13,000 for insurance (half for administrative activities, half for production
activities)
 $9,000 for production employees’ wages
 $6,500 for rent and utilities in the factory

How much are total fixed costs for April if 3,500 square feet of carpet are produced and sold?
A. $19,500
B. $32,500
C. $77,000
D. $22,750

Ans: A, LO: 2, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
Solution: $13,000 + $6,500 = $19,500

141. Harrison Carpets incurred the following costs for March when 3,000 square feet of carpet were
produced and sold:
 $18,500 for nylon thread used on carpet
 $5,000 for scotch guard for carpet
 $7,200 for jute backing to reinforce the carpet
 $6,800 for glue to be used in the manufacturing process
 $13,000 for insurance (half for administrative activities, half for production
activities)
 $9,000 for production employees’ wages
 $6,500 for rent and utilities in the factory

How much are total variable costs if 3,500 square feet of carpet are produced and sold in
April?
A. $77,000
B. $46,500
C. $54,250
D. $43,750

Ans: C, LO: 2, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
Solution: ($18,500 + $5,000 + $7,200 + $6,800 + $9,000) / 3,000 = $15.50; $15.50 x 3,500 = $54,250

142. Harrison Carpets incurred the following costs for March when 3,000 square feet of carpet were
produced and sold:
 $18,500 for nylon thread used on carpet
 $5,000 for scotch guard for carpet
 $7,200 for jute backing to reinforce the carpet
 $6,800 for glue to be used in the manufacturing process
 $13,000 for insurance (half for administrative activities, half for production
activities)
 $9,000 for production employees’ wages
 $6,500 for rent and utilities in the factory
1-29 Chapter 1 Managerial Accounting in the Information Age

How much are variable costs per unit if 3,500 square feet of carpet are produced and sold in
April?
A. $22.00
B. $15.50
C. $12.50
D. $18.86
Ans: B, LO: 2, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
Solution: ($18,500 + $5,000 + $7,200 + $6,800 + $9,000) / 3,000 = $15.50

Answers to Multiple Choice

49 B 65 B 81 A 97 C 113 B 129 B
50 C 66 B 82 A 98 A 114 D 130 C
51 A 67 B 83 A 99 B 115 C 131 A
52 D 68 C 84 B 100 A 116 A 132 D
53 D 69 C 85 C 101 B 117 A 133 A
54 C 70 B 86 A 102 B 118 B 134 A
55 D 71 D 87 C 103 D 119 A 135 C
56 A 72 D 88 B 104 B 120 B 136 A
57 B 73 D 89 B 105 B 121 D 137 B
58 B 74 C 90 B 106 D 122 D 138 A
59 D 75 A 91 A 107 A 123 D 139 D
60 C 76 C 92 C 108 C 124 C 140 A
61 B 77 D 93 B 109 B 125 D 141 C
62 D 78 C 94 C 110 D 126 B 142 B
63 C 79 A 95 C 111 A 127 A
64 B 80 C 96 B 112 C 128 C
1-30 Test Bank to accompany Jiambalvo Managerial Accounting, 7th Edition

MATCHING
143. Match each of the following terms with the phrase that most closely describes it. Each answer
may be used only once.

1. Noncontrollable costs
2. Opportunity costs
3. Supply Chain Management systems
4. Sunk costs
5. Customer Relationship Management systems
6. Variable costs
7. Budgets
8. Controllable costs
9. Direct costs
10
Fixed costs
.
11
Incremental costs
.
12
Indirect costs
.
13
Enterprise Resource Planning system
.

A. Costs that increase or decrease in total in response to increases or decreases in the

level of business activity
B. Costs that are directly traceable to a product, activity, or department
C. Costs that a manager can influence
D. The difference in costs between decision alternatives
E. Costs incurred in the past that are not relevant to present decisions
F. Costs that cannot be influenced by a manager
G. Financial plans prepared by management accountants
H. Value of the benefits forgone when one decision alternative is selected over another
I. Costs that cannot be directly traced to a product, activity, or department, or are not
worth tracing
J. Costs that do not change in total with changes in the level of business activity
K. Systems that prepare a master production schedule and provide support across
various other departments of the company
1-31 Chapter 1 Managerial Accounting in the Information Age

L. Allows companies and suppliers to share information to improve efficiency in getting

inputs
M. Allows customer data analysis and support, often in online format for customers

Answers to Matching
1. F 8. C
2. H 9. B
3. L 10. J
4. E 11. D
5. M 12. I
6. A 13. K
7. G
Ans: N/A, LO: 1-5, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 10, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management, Business Application, Reporting
1-32 Test Bank to accompany Jiambalvo Managerial Accounting, 7th Edition

EXERCISES
144. Below is a performance report that compares budgeted and actual profit in the shoe
department of Clara Boutique for the month of June:

Budget Actual Difference

Sales $680,000 $672,000 ($8,000)
Less:
Cost of merchandise 330,000 325,000 5,000
Salaries of sales staff 120,000 123,000 (3,000)
Controllable profit $230,000 $224,000 ($6,000)

Evaluate the department in terms of its increases or decreases in sales and expenses. Do you
believe it would be useful to investigate either or both of the increases in expenses? Explain.

Answer
The actual sales is less than budgeted sales by 1.2% ($8,000 ÷ $680,000), while the cost of
merchandise was 1.5% less than the budgeted amount. Salaries exceeded budget by 2.5%.
The investigation should focus first on salaries, and possibly on the cost of merchandise, since
both changes are disproportionate to the decrease in sales.

Ans: N/A, LO: 1, Bloom: AN, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 4, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Reporting

145. The distinction between fixed costs and variable costs is an extremely important concept in
managerial accounting. For each of the following phrases, indicate if the phrase is more
closely related to fixed costs (FIX) or to variable costs (VAR) in reference to the number of
units produced.

_____ a. Hourly wages for assembly workers in an food manufacturing firm

_____ b. Changes on a per unit basis when the level of production changes
_____ c. Depreciation calculated by the straight line method for factory machines
_____ d. Monthly rent cost
_____ e. Changes in total when the level of production changes
_____ f. Wheels used on toy truck by a toy manufacturer
_____ g. Janitor’s salary at a factory
_____ h. Does not change in total when the level of production changes
_____ i. Flour used to produce brownies by a snack manufacturer
_____ j. Does not change on a per unit basis when the level of production
changes

Answer
a. VAR d. FIX g. FIX j. VAR
b. FIX e. VAR h. FIX
c. FIX f. VAR i. VAR

Ans: N/A, LO: 2, Bloom: C, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 10, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
1-33 Chapter 1 Managerial Accounting in the Information Age

146. In a month when Walt Enterprises plans to make and sell 200,000 recycle bins, its total fixed
costs are expected to be $420,000 and its total variable costs are expected to be $350,000. If
the production level changes to 180,000 units, what is the expected total cost?

Answer
$420,000 + [180,000 × ($350,000 ÷ 200,000)] = $735,000

Ans: N/A, LO: 2, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 4, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

147. In a period when North Edge Shirt Company plans to make and sell 55,000 shirts, its total
fixed costs are expected to be $108,000, and its total variable costs are expected to be
$178,750. If the production level changes to 60,000 units, what is the expected cost per shirt?

Answer
($178,750 ÷ 55,000 units) + ($108,000 ÷ 60,000 units) = $5.05
Ans: N/A, LO: 2, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 4, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

148. Identify each of the following statements as fixed costs or variable costs.
______ a. A cost that changes in total with changes in the activity level
______ b. A cost that decreases on a per-unit basis when activity levels increase
______ c. A cost that varies on a per-unit basis with changes in the activity level
______ d. A cost that remains constant per unit with changes in the level of business activity
______ e. A cost that remains the same in total with changes in the activity level

Answer
a. Variable
b. Fixed
c. Fixed
d. Variable
e. Fixed

Ans: N/A, LO: 2, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 5, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

149. Indicate whether each of the following costs is most likely a fixed cost or a variable cost for a
car wash company.

______ a. Depreciation on the car wash building

______ b. Car blow dryer depreciation
______ c. Salary of the car wash manager
______ d. Wages of employees who dry the cars
______ e. The cost of water used in car washes
1-34 Test Bank to accompany Jiambalvo Managerial Accounting, 7th Edition

Answer
a. Fixed d. Variable
b. Fixed e. Variable
c. Fixed
Ans: N/A, LO: 2, Bloom: C, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 5, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

150. 149. Indicate whether each of the following costs is most likely a fixed cost or a variable cost
for a car wash company.

______ a. Depreciation on the car wash building

______ b. Car blow dryer depreciation
______ c. Salary of the car wash manager
______ d. Wages of employees who dry the cars
______ e. The cost of water used in car washes

Answer
a. Fixed d. Variable
b. Fixed e. Variable
c. Fixed
Ans: N/A, LO: 2, Bloom: C, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 5, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

151. Parvez Painting provides painting services for residential and commercial customers five days
per week (Monday through Friday). Due to customer requests, the company owner, Juan
Parvez, is considering staying open on Saturday. If the company stays open on Saturday, it
can generate $1,600 of daily revenue and will operate for 52 extra days per year. The
incremental daily costs will be $700 for labor, $200 for paint, brushes, and supplies, $40 for
transportation, and $80 for office staff. These costs do not include a share of monthly rent
totaling $220, or a share of depreciation related to office equipment totaling $170. Prepare an
estimate of the incremental profit for the year.

Answer
Incremental revenue per day $1,600
Less incremental costs:
Labor $700
Paint, brushes, and supplies 200
Transportation 40
Office staff 80 1,020
Net increase in profit $ 580

Incremental profit = $580 per day  52 days = $30,160

Ans: N/A, LO: 2,3, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 5-7, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
1-35 Chapter 1 Managerial Accounting in the Information Age

152. Vickshay Bolts has fixed costs of $40,000 and variable costs of $100,000 during a period
when 10,000 units were produced.

a. Complete the following table based on the information for Vickshay Bolts:
Cost per unit This type of cost in total
Fixed costs

Variable costs

Total cost

b. Now assume that production changes to 12,500 units and complete this table:
Cost per unit This type of cost in total
Fixed costs

Variable costs

Total cost

c. What conclusions can you draw about the behavior of each of the following if the level
of production decreases?
1. Fixed cost per unit
2. Variable cost per unit
3. Fixed costs in total
4. Variable costs in total

Answer
a.
Cost per unit This type of cost in total
Fixed costs $4.00 $40,000
Variable costs $10.00 $100,000
Total cost $14.00 $140,000

b.
Cost per unit This type of cost in total
Fixed costs $3.20 $40,000
Variable costs $10.00 $125,000
Total cost $13.20 $165,000

c. 1. When the level of production decreases, fixed cost per unit will increase
because the fixed costs will be spread among fewer units.
2. Variable cost per unit will remain the same when the level of production
changes.
3. When the level of production decreases, total fixed costs will remain the same.
4. When the level of production decreases, total variable costs will also decrease.

Ans: N/A, LO: 2, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 10-12, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
1-36 Test Bank to accompany Jiambalvo Managerial Accounting, 7th Edition

153. Reef Paradise is a five-star resort on the island of St. Thomas. Late on Friday, it had 10 of its
400 rooms available when the desk clerk received a call from the Hyatt Hotel that had made a
booking error leaving six couples with no rooms even though their reservations were
confirmed. Hyatt wants to send their customers to the Reef Paradise at the same rate the
guests would have been charged at the Hyatt, $190 per room, rather than Reef’s normal rate
of $240 per room.

a. If Reef Paradise accepts the guests, how much will the incremental revenue be?
b. List four examples of incremental costs that Reef Paradise will incur if it accepts the
guests.

Answer
a. $190  6 = $1,140
b. Cost of soap and shampoo
Cost of cleaning the room (maid labor costs, electricity for vacuum cleaner, cleaning
products)
Cost of cleaning towels and bedding
Cost of electricity
Ans: N/A, LO: 2,3, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 6-8, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

154. Sanchez Sweets is in the process of preparing a production cost budget for May. Actual costs
in April for production of 7,000 batches of cookies were:

Ingredients cost $ 7,200

Rent 1,100
Labor cost 3,300
Depreciation 900
Other fixed costs 700
Total $13.200

The company is currently producing and selling 80,000 batches of cookies annually with each
batch sold for $8.00. The company is considering lowering the price to $7.50 per batch for
which management estimates this will increase sales to 90,000 batches. Ingredients and labor
are the only variable costs.

a. What is the incremental cost associated with producing an extra 10,000 batches of
cookies?
b. What is the incremental revenue associated with the price reduction?
c. Should Sanchez Sweets lower the price of its cookies?

Answer
a. Variable cost per unit = ($7,200 + $3,300) ÷ 7,000 = $1.50 per batch
Additional cost: $1.50 × 10,000 = $15,000

b. Original revenue (80,000 × $8.00) $640,000

Revenue with price change (90,000 × $7.50) 675,000
Incremental revenue associated with price change $ 35,000

c. Yes. Total costs increase by $15,000, while the revenue increases by $35,000,
creating additional profit of $20,000.
1-37 Chapter 1 Managerial Accounting in the Information Age

Ans: N/A, LO: 2,3, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 6-8, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

155. Sanchez Sweets is in the process of preparing a production cost budget for May. Actual costs
in April for production of 5,000 batches of cookies were:

Ingredients cost $ 7,200

Rent 1,100
Labor cost 3,300
Depreciation 900
Other fixed costs 700
Total $13.200
Ingredients and labor are the only variable costs.

a. Using this information, prepare a budget for May. Assume that production will increase
to 8,000 batches of cookies, reflecting an anticipated sales increase related to a
change in selling price.
b. Calculate the actual cost per unit in April and the budgeted cost per unit in May.
Explain why the cost per unit is expected to decrease.

Answer
a. Ingredients cost per unit = $7,200 ÷ 5,000 = $1.44
Labor cost per unit = $3,300 ÷ 5,000 = $0.66

Ingredient cost ($1.44 × 8,000) $11,520

Labor cost ($0.66 × 8,000) 5,280
Rent 1,100
Depreciation 900
Other fixed costs 700
Total $19,500

b. April: $13,200 ÷ 5,000 units = $2.64

May: $19,500 ÷ 8,000 units = $2.44
The unit cost declines because some costs are fixed, which do not increase with
increases in volume. The fixed cost per unit is smaller when there are more units.

Ans: N/A, LO: 1,2, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 8, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

156. The manager of quality control at Zenic Products, a medical products company, purchased a
new lab machine for $44,000 two years ago during 2020. This year, a new machine, which is
faster and more precise than the current model, is available in the market. In deciding whether
or not to purchase the new machine, indicate if the manager should consider each of the
following costs and why.
a. The original cost of the old machine
b. The value at which the old machine can be sold in the used equipment market

Answer
a. No. The original cost is a sunk cost.

b. Yes. This is an incremental cash inflow equal to the market value of the old machine
that will result if the manager buys a new lab machine.
1-38 Test Bank to accompany Jiambalvo Managerial Accounting, 7th Edition

Ans: N/A, LO: 2,3, Bloom: AP, Difficulty: Easy, Min: 4, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

157. Jones Cola sells bottled beverages. During the past year, 40,000 bottles were produced and
sold at a price of $1.20 per bottle. Variable cost per unit was $0.45 and total fixed costs were
$150,000. Jones Cola would like to raise the price per bottle to $1.50, but feels that this will
reduce sales to 36,000 bottles per year. Perform the appropriate incremental analysis of this
situation. Clearly label the incremental revenues, incremental costs, and incremental profits.
Should Jones Cola raise its price?

Answer
Incremental revenue ($1.50 × 36,000) - ($1.20 × 40,000) $6,000
Incremental variable cost savings ($0.45 × 4,000) 1,800
Incremental profit $7,800

Jones Cola should raise its selling price since its profit is estimated to increase by $7,800.

Ans: N/A, LO: 2,3, Bloom: AN, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 4, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

158. ZBar Supplies is currently producing 20,000 tape dispensers per month, but has the capacity
to produce 25,000 tape dispensers without incurring any additional fixed costs. The selling
price is $5.00 per dispenser and variable cost per unit is $2.00. Total fixed costs are $35,000.
Marathon Corporation approaches ZBar with a proposal to buy 4,000 dispensers at a price of
$4.25 per unit. Prepare the incremental analysis that ZBar should use to evaluate this
situation. Assuming that other customers are not affected, should ZBar accept Marathon’s
offer?

Answer
Incremental revenue ($4.25 × 4,000) $17,000
Incremental variable cost ($2.00 × 4,000) (8,000)
Incremental profit $ 9,000

The offer should be accepted based on the estimated increase in profit of $9,000.

Ans: N/A, LO: 2,3, Bloom: AN, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 4, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
1-39 Chapter 1 Managerial Accounting in the Information Age

CHALLENGE EXERCISES
159. Fiesta Shirts produces two types of t-shirts—crew neck and v-neck. The variable cost of
producing each crew neck shirt is $4.25, and $4.50 per shirt for each v-neck. Fixed costs per
shirt are $1.50 per shirt when the production level is 12,000 of both types of shirts. The fixed
cost is for factory costs including rent, depreciation, and insurance. Crew necks are currently
sold for $7.00 each, while v-necks are sold for $8.00 each. During the past year, the company
has sold 12,000 of each type of shirt. The company estimates it can sell 14,000 crew neck
shirts during the upcoming year if it reduces the selling price to $6.50 per shirt.

a. Prepare the incremental analysis to evaluate this situation for the coming year.
b. Should Fiesta Shirts reduce the selling price? Why or why not?
c. Why is the fixed cost of each shirt not used in the incremental analysis?
d. Why does the analysis in part “a” exclude amounts related to the v-neck shirts?

Answer
a.
Incremental revenue (14,000 × $6.50) – (12,000 × $
$7.00) 7,000
Incremental cost ($4.25 × 2,000) (8,500)
($1,50
Incremental decline in profit 0)

b. Fiesta Shirts should not reduce the price of the crew neck shirts as total profit will
decline by $1,500.

c. Fixed costs are generally not avoidable when a change in units produced occurs. The
company will incur the same amount of total fixed costs regardless of the number of
shirts produced.

d. Fiesta Shirts plans no changes to the v-neck shirts so the amounts are not incremental
to the decision to sell additional crew neck shirts.

Ans: N/A, LO: 2,3, Bloom: AN, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 12, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
1-40 Test Bank to accompany Jiambalvo Managerial Accounting, 7th Edition

160. Junk Food Palace has two product lines: candy and chips. Information for the month of June is
presented below:
Candy Chips
Units sold 5,000 8,000
Revenue $7,500 $16,000
Variable costs 4,000 8,800
Fixed costs 2,000 2,000
Net income (loss) $1,500 $ 5,200

a. A potential new customer has asked to buy 1,000 candy products and 1,500 chips
products at 80% of the price paid by other customers. Prepare an incremental analysis
that will help Junk Food Palace’s managers decide whether to accept the order from
the customer.
b. Suppose Junk Food Palace decided to accept the order. Identify three other
considerations that management should consider before accepting the order.

Answer
a. Selling price per unit of candy: $7,500 ÷ 5,000 = $1.50; $1.50 × 80% = $1.20
Selling price per unit of chips: $16,000 ÷ 8,000 = $2.00; $2.00 × 80% = $1.60
Variable cost per unit of candy: $4,000 ÷ 5,000 = $0.80
Variable cost per unit of chips: $8,800 ÷ 8,000 = $1.10

Incremental revenue (1,000 × $1.20) + (1,500 × $3,60

$1.60) 0
(2,45
Incremental cost ($0.80 × 1,000) + ($1.10 × 1,500) 0)
$1,15
Incremental profit 0

The order should be accepted because it provides

$1,150 additonal revenue.

b. Management must consider what other customers might think if they find out that Junk
Food Palace is selling to other customers at a cheaper price. They will also want to
know if employees are able to work extra hours to produce the additional product and if
suppliers will have the ability to deliver the materials needed to produce the extra
snacks.

Ans: N/A, LO: 2,3, Bloom: AN, Difficulty: Difficult, Min: 10, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and Interpretation,
AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management
1-41 Chapter 1 Managerial Accounting in the Information Age

SHORT-ANSWER ESSAYS
161. What information is typically included in a performance report? How does an effective
manager use this information?

Answer
The reports used to evaluate the performance of managers and the operations they control are
referred to as performance reports. Although there is no generally accepted method of
preparing performance reports, these reports frequently involve a comparison of the current-
period performance with performance in a prior period or with planned (budgeted)
performance. Managers use performance reports to flag areas that need closer attention and
to avoid areas that are under control. Effective managers use the principle of management by
exception to investigate differences that appear to be significant and do not devote a great
deal of attention to those areas where the departures from the prior period or budgeted
amounts are minor.

Ans: N/A, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 4, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC: Communication,
IMA: Reporting

162. Explain the principle of “management by exception.”

Answer
Management by exception is a principle that helps managers investigate departures from the
plan that appear to be exceptional; they do not investigate minor departures from the planned
performance. Resources are used to investigate the major exceptions to the plan.

Ans: N/A, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 2, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC: Communication,
IMA: Reporting

163. List and briefly describe four of the five differences between managerial accounting and
financial accounting.

Answer
1. Financial accounting is aimed primarily at external users of accounting information,
while managerial accounting is aimed primarily at internal users.
2. Financial accounting is prepared in accordance with GAAP (generally accepted
accounting principles), while conformance with GAAP is not required for managerial
accounting reports.
3. Financial accounting information is highly summarized, while managerial accounting
reports may contain information in much more detail.
4. Managerial accounting reports may contain a substantial amount of nonmonetary
information.
5. Financial accounting records represent what has happened in the past, while
managerial accounting places considerable emphasis on the future.

Ans: N/A, LO: 1, Bloom: K, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 5, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Reporting, AICPA PC: Communication,
IMA: Reporting
1-42 Test Bank to accompany Jiambalvo Managerial Accounting, 7th Edition

164. A store manager is being evaluated. Explain the difference between controllable costs and
noncontrollable costs as they should be used in this evaluation. Provide examples of costs that
are controllable and those that are noncontrollable.

Answer
Controllable costs are those costs that the manager can influence, while noncontrollable costs
are those that cannot be influenced by the manager. The manager can control labor costs, and
perhaps advertising costs for the store, but is probably not able to control the insurance costs
or property taxes for the building.

Ans: N/A, LO: 2, Bloom: C, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 4, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Cost Management

165. Performance measures influence the actions of managers. List two performance measures
and the actions that are likely to result if these measures are implemented.

Answer
An example of a performance measure is the number of new customers for a business. If a
manager is evaluated on this performance measure, the manager may ignore existing
customers while trying to cultivate new customers.
Another example of a performance measure is the percentage of on-time deliveries. If
a manager is evaluated on this measure, the quality of the output may suffer, as all efforts are
concentrated on making the delivery on time.

Ans: N/A, LO: 3, Bloom: C, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 4, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Decision Analysis

166. What is incremental analysis? When is it appropriate to use this technique?

Answer
Incremental analysis involves calculating the difference in revenues, difference in costs, and
difference in profits between decision alternatives. It is appropriate to use this technique in
approaching all business problems where there are different alternatives and based on the
outcome of the alternatives, a decision needs to be arrived at and best alternative is to be
chosen. If an alternative yields an incremental profit (the difference between incremental
revenue and incremental cost), it is the preferred alternative.

Ans: N/A, LO: 3, Bloom: C, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 4, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Decision Analysis

167. Explain what an Enterprise Resource Planning System is and how has it reduced costs for
businesses?

Answer
An Enterprise Resource Planning System is a software system which processes information
and improves the operation of the value chain. It is an improvement over material
requirements planning (MRP) systems which computerized inventory control and production
planning. ERP systems update MRP systems with better integration, relational databases, and
graphical user interfaces. ERP components also include accounting and finance, human
resources, and various e-commerce applications including SCM and CRM.
1-43 Chapter 1 Managerial Accounting in the Information Age

An ERP system reduces costs by integrating all facets of the business through maintaining
databases that support production and procurement, as well as finance and accounting,
customers, and human resources. Costs are reduced in all areas and transactions only need
to be recorded once, ordering and paying becomes automated, and customer service
improves.

Ans: N/A, LO: 4, Bloom: C, Difficulty: Moderate, Min: 1, AACSB: Analytic, AICPA FN: Measurement Analysis and
Interpretation, AICPA PC: Decision Making, IMA: Information Management