Question Bank
Subject: - Modern Physics Subject Code:- : USC103
Unit -1
Elements of crystallography
1What is the difference between crystalline solid and amorphous solid?
2Define unit cell, basis, space lattice
3Discuss two and three dimensional crystal system and their Bravais lattice.
4What are Miller Indices? Draw sketches illustrating (100), (110) and (100) planes in
cubic unit cell?
5Differentiate Metal, Semiconductor and Insulator on the basic of bands.
6Differentiate between primitive and non primitive unit cell.
7. Deduce the Miller indices for planes in each of the following sets which intercept a, b
and c at
i) 3a, 3b, 2c ii) a, 2b, c iii) a, b/2, c
X- RAYS
1. What is the origin of X-rays? Differentiate between continuous and characteristics
x-rays.(**********)
2. What is BREMSSTRAH LUNG effect or continuous x rays?
3. Explain and deduce Bragg’s law in X-ray Diffraction.
4 Describe Bragg’s spectrometer and explain how it is used to determine the
wavelength of X-Rays.
5. Calculate the minimum applied potential required to produce X-rays of 1 A°
wavelength.
Unit -2
Semiconductor materials
1. Write short note on intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductor.
2. . What are extrinsic semiconductors? What type of impurities is added in
these semiconductors?
3. What is the difference between drift current and diffusion current? What is the
relationship between current density and drift velocity?
4. Explain with diagrams forward and reverse biasing of a p-n junction. What is
meant by Avalanche breakdown?(repeat 2 times)(**********)
5. What are n-type and p-type semiconductors? Show the acceptor and donor
levels with neat diagram.(****)
6Explain Zener diode. Also explain application of Zener Diode.(*****)
7 7.Explain construction, working, energy diagram of LED.
8 Difference between carrier generation and Recombination
9. Explain construction, working, energy diagram of Tunnel diode(***)
Unit -3
Magnetic Materials & Superconductivity
i) MAGNETIC MATERIALS
1. Define magnetic permeability, induction, intensity of magnetization, Magnetic
Susceptibility.
2. What are ferrites? Write down their applications.
3. Explain Hysteresis loop.
4. What is Retentivity
5. What is Coercivity
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
1. What is superconductivity? What is effect of magnetic field on superconductor?
2. What is Meissner effect?
3. What do you understand by Type-1 and Type-2 superconductor?(*******)
4. Superconductors are perfectly diamagnetic. Explain.
5. What is critical field and critical temperature in superconductors?
6. What is the difference between Diamagnetic, paramagnetic and ferromagnetic
substance.
7. Derive the London equations for superconductivity. How does it explain Meissner
Effect?(*******)
Unit -4
EM waves & Dielectrics
1.What do you mean by dielectrics? Explain polar and non polar dielectrics?(*********)
2.What is dielectric polarization?.
3.Derive Maxwell’s equations and write down their physical signifance?
4.What is Poynting theorem and Poynting vector?(*******)
5.Write down the differential form of Maxwell equation and derive the Maxwell equation by
using Faraday’s Law.(***********)
6. Discuss Em waves in free space and dielectric and prove velocity of Em waves in any
medium is less than velocity of Em waves for free space.(*********)
7 .Derive Maxwell equations of contuitity.
Unit-5
Quantum Theory
1. Derive Schrodinger equation for time dependant and time independent Equations.
2. What are matter waves?
3. What is the significance of wave function?
4 For a particle in 1-Dimensional infinite square well find the energy Eigen value and
wave function also explain what is zero point energy(*****)
Unit -6
Lasers
1. Describe the construction and working mechanism of ruby laser
2. Define laser. Write down the necessary conditions for laser action.
3. What is population inversion in detail?
4. Derive Einstein coefficients? Also derive relation between them.(*********)
5.Discuss the principle of operation of He-Ne laser. Draw the energy level diagram
and indicate the wavelength of the radiation.(**********)
Unit -7
Fiber Optics
1.Define acceptance Angle and numerical aperture?
2.Differentiate between step index and graded index fiber?
3. Explain acceptance angle and numerical aperture. Also derive the relation
between them.(****)
4. Define v number
5. Numerical based on N.A and acceptance Angle
6. Parts of optical Fibre(core, cladding and jacket).
Unit -8
Nanomaterials
What is nanoscale and nanotechnology?
Explain nanoparticles ? What are their properties ?
What are the1-D, 2-D and 3-D nanoparticle ? Give examples?
Explain Ball milling and sol gel method for synthesis of nanoparticle.(*********)
Explain CNT’S. Write down their properties.
.What is Nan noscale.
What is electron confinement?
Explain Surface area to volume ratio in nanotechnology. (********)
