Ls 1 Python Ls Summary
Program is a set of steps you need to follow to perform a specific task
Computer programs need to be written in certain languages. Some of them are Python, C,
C++, LISP, Pascal, Java, PHP etc.
Python was first created by Guido Van Rossum who worked at Centrum Wiskunde &
Informatica. It was released in 1991
Features of Python -
Python has IDLE (Integrated Development & Learning Environment)
It only needs a few lines of code to perform complex tasks
It is case - sensitive
It is an interpreted language
It has a simple syntax
Applications of Python - Build a Website, Develop Games, Program Robots etc.
It has two modes - Interactive & Script Mode
Components of IDLE - Title Bar, Menu Bar, Command Prompt, Status Bar (refer tb pgno 12,13)
print() Statement - The print() function is used to display the output of any command on
the screen. It can also be used to print the specified messages (interactive mode)
If you enter a math problem in the IDLE command prompt and press enter key, the
answer of the math problem will be the resultt
Named storage locations in computer memory, which are used to store data are called
Variables
assignment operator (=) assigns values to variables Eg x = 25
Rules to write the variables names
Should start with capital or small letter or underscore (_)
Special charecters can’t be used
A keyword (else, if etc.) can’t be a variable name
It shouldn’t start with a digit
For writing legnthy programs in Python, Script mode is used.
Basic Data Types -
Integer (int) - Whole numbers & integers
float - decimal values
String (str) - text or anything with “” or ‘’
print() statement - It is used to print a message or value. It converts the message or a
object into a string before writing it on the screen.
Seperators with print() function -
(,) represents space between words Eg: print (a,b,c) output: 20 30 40
(\t) represents tab space
(\n) represents starting in a new line
Input Function input()- Input Function is used to take the data value of a variable from
the user. If we want tthe user to enter a integer, decimal value we can use int() & float()
For Example -
(int(input( “Enter Name”)))
(float(input( “Enter Name”)))
Ls 3 Basics of Electronics Summary
Electric Cell
An electric cell is a device that generates electricity. Two or more cells make up a
battery
An electric celll has two sides Positive (+) also called as anode and Negetive (-) also
known as cathode
Anode : Positive side of cell where loss of electrods happens. It’s kanown as Oxidation
Cathode : Negetive side of cell where gain of gain of electrodes happens
Electrolyte allows ions to move between the anode and cathode
Circuit
When you connect one terminal of the cell with the other one with wires, a switch and
a device like a bulb, it is a circuit
Circuit is a closed path of conductors which current flows
Series Circuit - In a series circuit, the components are connected in a single pathway.
The current has one direction to flow
Paralell Circuit - In a paralell circuit, the components are connected in branches. The
current has many directions to flow
Sensors
Sensors are small devices in electronic gadgets which sense things like temperature,
lighr, touch etc.
They are used in numerous fields such as automotive, industrial automation etc. They
play a vital role in the IoT (Internet of Things)
Commonly Used Sensors - Refer Tb pg 53 & 54
Actuators
Actuators are parts of machines which are responsible for controlling and moving the
mechanism or system
They are also known as Movers
Some commonly used actuators are DC Motor, Servo Motor, Gear Motor, Stepper
Motor
Ls 7 Data Science Summary
Types of Data -
Quantitative, Qualitative
Quantitative - Deals with Numbers and calculations
Qualitative - Deals with words, describing and features
Types of Quantitative Data - Continuous, Discrete
Continuous - Measurement of number which are not fixed eg - salary, temperature etc.
Discrete - Finite numbers eg - no. of printers in a shop, no. of balls in a bag etc.
Types of Qualitative Data -
Nominal - Letters ,Colours ,Symbol, Gender etc.
Ordinal - Opinion, Rank, Time of the day etc.
Data Science - Data Science is the field of technology that deals with data and processes
Life Cycle of Data - (very important) -
Capture
Maintain
Process
Analyse
Communicate
Applications of Data Science -
Banking
Healthcare
E - Commerce
Transport
Fraud Detection
