,,,
Puzzling with Properties
In Algebra you learned some patterns for combining exponents. Today we are going to explore
what happens when we combine logarithms.
1. Complete the following table using your calculator.
2. Using the patterns you see in the ¥ =×s
Round answers to four decimal places.
table, complete the equation below.
log 12 1. 0792
log 3 + log 4
log 9
1. 0792 loglxy.TL
log 2 + log 3 =
0.9542 3. How could we find the value of
log 3 + log 3
0.9542 log 30 if the “3” button is missing on
log 18 n, , our calculator?
log 6 + log 3 1. 2553 10915 t log 2
4. Complete the following table using your calculator. 5. Using the patterns you see in the
Round answers to four decimal places. table, complete the equation below.
log 5 0.6990 log 2 − log 3 =
log 10 − log 2 0.6990
log 7
log 28 − log 4
1
0.84511
0.8451
6. How could we find the value of
log 30 if the “3” button is missing on
our calculator?
¥=×3
log -0.3010
2
log 3 − log 6 0.3010
log 60
log 2
- -
0 since 100--1
!
<
7. A student noticed that log gave the same result as − log 2. How is this possible?
"
1091-2--1091 -
log 2 Since 109117=0
we end up with 0-1092=-1092
8. Saul was practicing evaluating logarithms on his calculator on Halloween. After he had finished all the
calculations he was startled at the results. He was sure that a ghost has haunted his calculator and
broken it. What do you think? Can you make sense of the results? Is his calculator haunted?
YF¥É
"
since 52--25
logO
5 + log0
5 = 1.398 log 4 + log 4 + log 4 = 1.806
5=10925
(
log
2 log 5 = 1.398 3 log 4 = 1.806
43=10964--10926
- -
log
i gfopeity log 5" = 1.398 log 4# = 1.806
all
represent
µgÑ=Ñ*
since these
log 25 = 1.398 log 64 = 1.806
1 log 2$ = 1.806
10964
log 625 = 1.398
10951-1095=10915.5 )
2
log 6252--10925 6 log 2 = 1.806
9. Write two more log statements that are also equal to 1.806.
=
log (5)
=
logczs )
21094+1094 310921-31092
109161-1094 1.510916
Lesson 5.6— Manipulating Logarithmic Expressions
QuickNotes
.g /.,ogarimmso+
LT # 2
LT # 1 : CONDENSE
\ •
Logarithm properties
reveal that different
10GB ✗ t 109 by =
log ,
( ✗y ) transformations can
have the same
effect .
109 ✗ log b y log ,( ¥ )
-
=
b
different bases
can
, ,
a
,g , =
b be related
to one
✓ another -
EXPAND
Check Your Understanding
1. Condense each logarithmic expression.
a. log ! 4 + log ! & − log ! 7 b. 2ln 5 − ln 4
109314¥) ens
'
-
In 4 = In ¥
2. a. Complete the table of values for , = 2" and , = 8" .
/ 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
, = 2" 1 2 4 8 16 32 64
, = 8" , 8 64 512 4096 32,768 262,144
b. Write an equation relating log # & and log $ &.
1092W
=
3109GW or
109GW =
ztlogzw
3. The parent function , = log / was stretched horizontally by a factor of 100 to create the graph of 0.
Which of the following transformations on the parent function would produce the same graph as 0?
A) A vertical shrink by a factor of 100 (X) = ¥0
f- 10g ( )
B) A horizontal shift 2 units to the right
0
C) A vertical shift 2 units down
=
109×-109100
D) A vertical shift 100 units up =
109×-2
4. Chandler was asked to rewrite log # 322! , then simplify. Her work is shown below.
Step 1: log # 322! = log # 32 + log # 2!
Step 2: = 5 + log # 2!
Step 3: = 5 + 3 log # 2
Step 4: = 8 log # 2
In which step did Chandler make her first mistake? Explain. When
4
Chandler made her first mistake in step
like terms Steps 1-3
combined that weren't
.
she terms
snow correct simplifications .
