*X20062* Reg. No.
Question Paper Code : X 20062
B.E./B.tech. Degree Examinations, NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2020
Fourth Semester
Aeronautical Engineering
AE 6404 – propulsion – I
(Regulations 2013)
Time : Three Hours Maximum : 100 Marks
Answer all questions
Part – A (10×2=20 Marks)
1. Define thermal efficiency for a piston engines.
2. Draw the T-S diagram of a turbojet engine with afterburner.
3. Compare supersonic inlet and nozzle.
4. Define efficiency of combustor.
5. Define solidity.
6. What are the causes for stalling in axial flow compressors ?
7. State the conditions which should be satisfy for the free vortex design of turbine
blades.
8. What are the non-dimensional parameters helps to design gas turbine blades ?
9. What is the operating principal of a ramjet engine ?
10. Define overall pressure ratio of a ramjet engine.
Part – B (5×13=65 Marks)
11. a) A turbojet engine is traveling at 270 m/s at an altitude of 5000m. The
compressor pressure ratio is 8 : 1 and maximum cycle temperature is 1200K.
By assuming the following data,
Ram efficiency 93%
Isentropic efficiency of compressor 87%
Pressure loss in combustion chamber 4% of compressor delivery pressure.
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Calorific value of fuel 43,100 kJ/kg.
Combustion efficiency 98%
Mechanical transmission efficiency 99%
Isentropic efficiency of turbine 90%
propelling nozzle efficiency 95%
Ambient conditions at 5000 m are 0.5405 bar and 255.7 K.
Calculate the specific thrust and TSFC.
(OR)
b) i) Describe with the aid of illustrative sketches the working of turboprop
engine. (7)
ii) Derive the thrust equation of a turbojet engine. (6)
12. a) Air enters a two-dimensional supersonic diffuser at a pressure of 14 kPa, a
temperature of 217 K and with a Mach number of 3.0. The two-dimensional
oblique shock diffuser has an oblique shock angle of 28°, which is followed by
a normal shock. Determine, assuming constant specific heats.
i) The velocity, total temperature and pressure of the air entering the oblique
shock.
ii) The Mach number, total pressure after the oblique shock.
iii) The flow deflection angle.
iv) The Mach number.
v) Total and static pressure and static temperature after the normal shock.
(OR)
b) i) What are the types of combustion chamber ? Compare its advantages
and disadvantages. (6)
ii) Consider n-Decane fuel, balance the chemical equation for the Stoichiometric
combustion of this fuel in air and find the stoichiometric fuel-to-air ratio. (7)
13. a) The first stage of an axial flow compressor is designed with no IGVs.
N=6000 rpm, Stagnation temperature rise of the stage is 20°C. Hub to tip
ratio is 0.6. Work done factor = 0.93.
Isentropic efficiency of stage = 0.89. Inlet velocity is 140m/s. P01 = 1.01 bar,
T01 = 288K. Compare the following :
i) The tip radius and corresponding rotor air angles, if the Mach number
relative to tip is limited to 0.95. (7)
ii) The mass flow entering the stage, stagnation pressure ratio and power
required. (6)
(OR)
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b) A single sided centrifugal compressor has the following data :
Power input factor = 1.04, No. of vanes = 20, RPM = 15,000, Overall diameter
of impeller = 0.5 m, Eye tip diameter = 0.3 m, Eye root diameter = 0.15 m,
Mass flow rate = 9 kg/s, Stagnation temperature at inlet = 295 K, Stagnation
pressure at inlet = 1 bar, Isentropic efficiency of compressor = 0.75.
Assume the velocity of air at inlet is axial and the axial inlet velocity is constant
across the Eye annulus. Determine,
i) The pressure ratio and power required to drive the compressor. (7)
ii) Inlet angles of impeller vanes at root and tip. (6)
14. a) In a single-stage gas turbine, gas enters and leaves in axial direction. The
nozzle efflux angle is 68°, the stagnation temperature and stagnation pressure
at stage inlet are 800°C and 4 bar, respectively. The exhaust static pressure
is 1 bar, total-to-static efficiency is 0.85 and mean blade speed is 480 m/s,
Determine :
a) The work done,
b) The axial velocity which is constant through the stage,
c) The total-to-total efficiency and
d) The degree of reaction.
Assume γ = 1.33 and Cpg = 1.147 kJ/kgK. (13)
(OR)
b) i) Mention the classification of gas turbine cooling methods. Explain any
two of them with neat sketches. (7)
ii) Mention the losses which are associated to define the overall blade loss
co-efficient. Explain them. (6)
15. a) A ramjet is to propel an aircraft at Mach 3 at an altitude where the ambient
conditions are pressure and temperature is 8.5 KPa and 220K respectively. If
the maximum permissible temperature is 2540K and under ideal conditions,
determine
i) The thermal efficiency
ii) The propulsive efficiency
iii) The overall efficiency
(OR)
b) i) Discuss in detail about the types and working principle of integral ram
rocket. (7)
ii) Discuss the problems associated with supersonic combustion. (6)
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Part – C (1×15=15 Marks)
16. a) Write a case study on the recent developments in gas turbine engines used
for commercial transport airplanes.
(OR)
b) A convergent divergent nozzle expands air at 6.84 bar and 427 C into a space
at 1 bar. The throat area of teh nozzle is 650 mm2 and the exit area is 975 mm2.
The exit velocity is found to be 680 m/s when the inlet velocity is negligible.
Assuming that friction in the convergent portion is negligible, calculate :
i) The mass flow through the nozzle, stating whether the nozzle is under-
expanding or over-expanding. (7)
ii) The nozzle efficiency and the coefficient of velocity. (8)
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