Schema 1:
Employee
Attribute Datatype Constraint
Empid Varchar2(5) Primary key
Empname Varchar2(15)
Manager_id Varchar2(5) Foreign key emp(Empid)
City Varchar2
Dept_id Varchar2(5) Foreign key DeptDept_id)
DOB Date
Gender
Salary Number (10) Check >0
Department
Attribute Data Type Constraints
Dept_id Varchar2(5) Primary Key
Dept_name Varchar2(35) Not NULL
Dept_loc Varchar2(35) Not NULL
23/09/2020 – Create Table and Insert Data -
Create table Department
(
Dept_id varchar2(5) PRIMARY KEY,
Dept_name varchar2(35) Not Null,
Dept_Loc varchar2(35) not null
)
insert into Department values('DL_01', 'Finance', 'Delhi');
insert into Department values('MU_02', 'Finance', 'Mumbai');
insert into Department values('Cal_03', 'IT', 'Calcutta');
insert into Department values('HYD_04', 'HR', 'Hydrabad');
CREATE TABLE Employee
(
Emp_id varchar2(5) PRIMARY KEY,
E_name VARCHAR2(35),
Manager_id varchar2(7),
City VARCHAR2(20),
Dob date,
Gender VARCHAR(1),
Salary NUMBER(10),
Dept_id varchar2(7),
CONSTRAINT FK_mid FOREIGN KEY(Manager_id)REFERENCES
Employee(Emp_id),
CONSTRAINT FK_did FOREIGN KEY(Dept_id)REFERENCES
Department(Dept_id));
insert into Employee values('E_001','Komal','E_001','Mumbai','10-OCT-
99','F',40000,'HYD_04')
insert into Employee values('E_002','Monika','E_001','Mumbai','20-oct-
99','F',40000,'HYD_04')
insert into Employee values('E_003','Ajay','E_001','Delhi','20-sep-
99','M',30000,'HYD_04')
__________________________________________________________________
_________________END 23 sept
__________________________________________________________________
24/09/2020 – Delete, Insert, Update, Select
statements
Delete from Department where Dept_id='DL_01'
insert into Department values('DL_01', 'Finance', 'Delhi')
insert into Department values('MU_02', 'Finance', 'Mumbai')
insert into Department values('Cal_03', 'IT', 'Calcutta')
insert into Department values('HYD_04', 'HR', 'Hydrabad')
insert into Employee values('E_001','Komal','E_001','Mumbai','10-OCT-
99','F',40000,'HYD_04');
insert into Employee values('E_002','Monika','E_001','Mumbai','20-oct-
99','F',40000,'HYD_04');
insert into Employee values('E_003','Ajay','E_001','Delhi','20-sep-
99','M',30000,'HYD_04');
insert into Employee
values('E_004','Soham','E_001','Delhi',TO_DATE('17/12/2001',
'DD/MM/YYYY'),'M',30000,'Cal_03');
insert into Employee
values('E_006','Shruti','E_001','Delhi',TO_DATE('05/5/2002',
'DD/MM/YYYY'),'' ,30000,'Cal_03');
insert into Employee values('E_001','Komal','E_001','Mumbai','10-OCT-
99','F',40000,'HYD_04');
insert into Employee values('E_002','Monika','E_001','Mumbai','20-oct-
99','F',40000,'HYD_04');
insert into Employee values('E_003','Ajay','E_001','Delhi','20-sep-
99','M',30000,'HYD_04');
insert into Employee
values('E_004','Soham','E_001','Delhi',TO_DATE('17/12/2001',
'DD/MM/YYYY'),'M',30000,'Cal_03');
insert into Employee
values('E_005','Shruti','E_001','Delhi',TO_DATE('05/5/2002',
'DD/MM/YYYY'),'M' ,30000,'Cal_03');
insert into Employee
values('E_006','Shruti','E_001','Delhi',TO_DATE('08/2/2002',
'DD/MM/YYYY'),'M' ,40000,'HYD_04');
insert into Employee
values('E_007','Shruti','E_001','Delhi',TO_DATE('08/2/2002',
'DD/MM/YYYY'),'M' ,40000,'HYD_04');
insert into Employee
values('E_008','Sa','E_001','Jaipur',TO_DATE('12/2/2000',
'DD/MM/YYYY'),'M' ,40000,'HYD_04');
insert into Employee
values('E_009','Sruti','E_001','Jaipur',TO_DATE('12/2/2000',
'DD/MM/YYYY'),'M' ,40000,'HYD_04');
update Employee set city='Jaipur' where city='Delhi'
update Employee set gender='F' where Emp_id='E_006'
update Employee set salary=Salary+(salary*.1) where
city='Mumbai'
Delete from Employee where city='Delhi'
select Distinct E_name,salary from Employee
select * from Employee where city NOT in ('Mumbai')
Select * from Employee where Dob NOT between '9-OCT-99' and '17-
DEC-2001'
select * from Employee order by DOB
_______________________END 24/09/2020
30/09/2020 – Functions – SYSDATE, SUBSTR, ROUND,
NEXT_DAY, LPAD for Left padding, RPAD for right padding
Concatenation operator i.e pipe symbol - ||
Select sysdate,salary as updated_salary from Employee
Select SUBSTR(city,1,3) as substring_city from Employee
select E_name||TO_CHAR(Dob,‘DD/MM/YYYY’) from Employee
select SUBSTR(E_name,1,2)||'-'||substr(TO_CHAR(Dob),1,2) as
name_dob from Employee
select LPAD(salary,7,'0') from Employee
select Round(MONTHS_BETWEEN(sysdate,Dob)/12,0) from
Employee
select NEXT_DAY(sysdate,'Wed') from Employee
//END 30/9/2020//
06/10/2020 - JOINs
Select E_name, City, Salary,Employee.Dept_id, dept_name from
Employee JOIN Department on Employee.Dept_id=Department.Dept_id
SELECT Salary,E_name, city, Employee.Dept_id as
emp_Dept,Department.Dept_id as Dept_Deptid,Dept_name, Dept_Loc
FROM Employee JOIN Department ON
Employee.Dept_id=department.dept_id order by salary desc
Self Join:-
1. select E_name, City, Salary,
Employee.Dept_id,Department.Dept_id from Employee
JOIN Department on
Employee.Dept_id=Department.Dept_id
2. SELECT DISTINCT e1.E_name, e1.City, e1.Salary FROM
Employee e1 JOIN Employee e2 ON (e1.Dept_id =
e2.Dept_id) AND (e1.city = e2.city)
3. select e1.E_name as Employee_name, e2.E_name as
Manager_name from Employee e1 Inner join Employee e2
on e2.emp_ide1.emp_id
4. select e1.E_name as Employee_name, e2.E_name as
Manager_name from Employee e1 Inner join Employee e2
on e2.Manager_id=e1.Manager_id and
e2.emp_id<>e1.emp_id
5. SELECT distinct e1.E_Name AS EmployeeName1,
e2.E_Name AS EmployeeName2, e1.City as city1, e2.City
as city2 FROM Employee e1, Employee e2 WHERE
e1.Emp_id <> e2.Emp_id AND e1.City = e2.City ORDER
BY e1.City;
6. SELECT distinct e1.E_Name AS EmployeeName1,
e2.E_Name AS EmployeeName2, e1.City as city1, e2.City
as city2 FROM Employee e1, Employee e2 WHERE
e1.Emp_id <> e2.Emp_id AND e1.City = e2.City ORDER
BY e1.City;
update employee set salary=25000 where Emp_id='E_009'
select count(Distinct E_NAME) from employee
select * from employee
select Round(sum(salary)) from employee
Group BY--
1. select count(Emp_id), Dept_id from Employee group by
dept_id
2. SELECT d.Dept_Name, COUNT (emp_id) FROM department d
INNER JOIN Employee e ON d.dept_id=e.dept_id GROUP BY
d.Dept_name
3. SELECT last_name, department_name FROM employees e LEFT
OUTER JOIN departments d ON (e.department_id = d.department_id);
4. SELECT last_name, department_name FROM employees e RIGHT
OUTER JOIN departments d ON(e.department_id = d.department_id);
SELECT last_name, department_name FROM employees e FULL OUTER
JOIN departments d ON (e.department_id = d.department_id);
8/10/2020
Group by:
1. Group the data in employee table based on gender
and show the count in each group.
Sol:- select count(emp_id), Gender from Employee
where salary>=30000 group by gender having
gender='F'
2. Find the no of employees under each manager
Sol: select count(emp_id), MANAGER_ID from
Employee group by MANAGER_ID
3. Find the no of employees in each department
Sol: select count(emp_id), DEPT_ID from Employee
group by DEPT_ID
4. Find the no of employees in each city
Sol: select count(emp_id), city from Employee group
by city
5. Find department wise average salary
Sol: select round(avg(salary)), Dept_id from
Employee group by dept_id
6. Find maximum salary in each department
Sol: select round(max(salary)), Dept_id from
Employee group by dept_id
7. Write a select statement that group the result set by dept_id and display dept_id and average
total of those Departments where average salary more than 39000
Sol: SELECT
DEPT_ID,count(EMP_ID),round(avg(SALARY)) FROM
Employee GROUP BY dept_id having
avg(salary)>39000
8. Find the name and salary of employee who is
drawing maximum salary
Sol : select E_NAME, salary from employee where
salary =(select Max(salary) from employee)
9. Find employee name who is drawing second highest
salary.
Sol- select e_name from employee where
salary=(select max(salary) from employee where
salary<(select max(salary) from employee))
10. Find the employees name whose salary is more
than a particular employee in a department.
Sol - select E_NAME, salary from employee where
salary>(select salary from employee where e_name =
'Komal') and dept_id = (select dept_id from employee
where e_name = 'Komal')
11. Display department id which is having a
maximum average salary
Sol- SELECT dept_id, avg(salary) FROM employee
GROUP BY dept_id
HAVING avg(salary) in (SELECT max(avg(salary))
FROM employee GROUP BY dept_id);
Subqueries
12. Select * from Employee where DEPT_ID IN (select
DEPT_ID from Department where DEPT_loc = 'Delhi')
13. SELECT d.Dept_name, COUNT (emp_id) FROM
department d INNER JOIN Employee e ON d.dept_id=e.dept_id
GROUP BY d.dept_name HAVING COUNT (emp_id)>2;
14. SELECT d.Dept_name, emp_id FROM department d INNER
JOIN Employee e ON d.dept_id=e.dept_id GROUP BY
d.dept_name HAVING COUNT (emp_id)>2;
SELECT first_name, last_name, salary FROM employees WHERE salary >
SELECT salary FROM employees WHERE job_id = 'VICE-PRESIDENT');
SELECT first_name, last_name, salary FROM employees WHERE salary =
SELECT salary FROM employees WHERE job_id = 'VICE-PRESIDENT');
SELECT first_name, last_name, salary FROM employees WHERE job_id
= 'VICE-PRESIDENT');
VIEWS
Problem Statements and solution:
1. Display the total number of employees working in each department.
Sol - select count(*) as NoOfEmp, deptno from emp group by deptno;
2. List all the employees those who are getting the same salary.
SOL - select e.deptno, e.sal as sal1, e1.sal as sal2, e.ename as ename1, e1.ename as ename2
from emp e join emp e1 on e.sal=e1.sal and e.ename<>e1.ename
3. Display the name of the employee who gets the second highest salary in dept no 5.
SQL - Select max(sal) from emp where sal<(Select max(sal) from emp where deptno=20);
4. list the no of employees in each job. Include only those jobs with more than 3 employees
SQL -SELECT COUNT(empno), job FROM emp GROUP BY job HAVING COUNT(empno) > 3;
5. Display the name of each employee who draws the maximum salary in their respective
department.
SOL- select ename,deptno, sal from emp where sal in (select max(sal) from emp group by
deptno)
6. write a select statement that display records of employees working in the same department as
“James”
Sol- select ename,deptno, sal from emp where sal in (select max(sal) from emp group by
deptno)
