Class-5

Subject-Mathematics

Chapter-11

Measurement

Lecture-9

What is triangle?

A triangle is a closed figure with three sides.

Height
Height

Base

Formula:
(Base × Height)
1) Area of triangle =
2
(2 × Area )
2) Base =
Height

(2 × Area )
3) Height =
Base
** Calculate the area of the following triangle:

a) b)

10cm
4cm

9cm 6cm

Solution:

a) Given,

Base = 9cm

Height = 10cm

We know,
(Base × Height)
Area of triangle =
2
(9 × 10)
= Sq. cm
2
90
= Sq. cm
2

= 45 Sq. cm

Ans: 45 Sq. cm.

b) Given,

Base = 6cm

Height = 4cm
 We know,
(Base × Height)
Area of triangle =
2
(6 × 4)
= Sq. cm
2
24
= Sq. cm
2
= 12 Sq. cm

Ans: 12 Sq. cm.

1. Exercise (Do Yourself)

** Calculate the area of the following triangle:

a) Base = 4cm, Height = 3cm

b) Base = 5cm, Height = 7cm

c) Base = 5m, Height = 5m

d) Base = 2km, Height = 2.5km

** Calculate the area of the coloured parts in the following figures:

Solution:

1) Given,

For rectangle, Length = 9cm and width = 5cm

For triangle, Base = 9cm and height = 5cm

Area of the coloured part = Area of the rectangle – Area of the triangle
(Base × Height)
= {(Length × Width) – ( )}
2
9×5
= {(9 × 5) – ( )} Sq. cm.
2
45
= (45 - ) Sq. cm.
2

= (45 – 22.5) Sq. cm.

 = 22.5 Sq. cm.

Ans: 22.5 Sq. cm.

2) Given,

For parallelogram, base = 8cm and height = 8cm

For triangle, Base = 8cm and height = 8cm

Area of the coloured part = Area of the parallelogram – Area of the triangle
(Base × Height)
= {(Base × Height) – ( )}
2
8×8
= {(8 × 8) – ( )} Sq. cm.
2
64
= (64 - ) Sq. cm.
2

= (64 – 32) Sq. cm.

= 32 Sq. cm.

Ans: 32 Sq. cm.

3) Area of the coloured part

= Area of the triangle with base 10cm and height 12cm – Area of the
triangle with base 10cm and height 5cm
Base × Height Base × Height
= {( )–( )}
2 2
 10 × 12 10 × 5
= {( )–( )} Sq. cm.
2 2
120 50
=( - ) Sq. cm.
2 2

= (60 - 25) Sq. cm.

= 35 Sq. cm.

Ans: 35 Sq. cm.

4) Area of the coloured part

= Area of the triangle with base (6+4) cm or 10cm and height (5+2) cm or
7cm – Area of the triangle with base (6+4) cm or 10cm and height 2cm
Base × Height Base × Height
= {( )–( )}
2 2
10 × 7 10 × 2
= {( )–( )} Sq. cm.
2 2
70 20
=( - ) Sq. cm.
2 2

= (35 - 10) Sq. cm.

= 25 Sq. cm.

Ans: 25 Sq. cm.

** There is a quadrilateral field that one of the diagonals is 30m and

the distance from the diagonal to the opposite vertices are 15m and
22.5m. calculate the area of this quadrilateral.

30m

15m
22.5m
Solution: According to the given figure,

Area of quadrilateral = Area of the triangle with height 15m and base 30m

+ Area of the triangle with height 22.5m and base 30m

Base × Height Base × Height
∴ Required area = {( )+( )}
2 2
30 × 15 30 × 22.5
= {( )+( )} Sq. m.
2 2

= {(15 × 15) + (15 × 22.5)} Sq. m.

= (225 + 337.5) Sq. m.

= 562.5 Sq. m.

Ans: 562.5 Sq. m.

2. Exercise (Do Yourself)

** The height of a triangle is 0.8 km and its area is 1.2 square km, then
how many kilometres is the base?