Chapter 37: Mental Health Disorders

Wilk: Sorrentino’s Canadian Textbook for the Support Worker, Fifth Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which of the following best explains the cause of self-harm?

a. Anxiety, depression, numbness, and feelings of loss of control
b. A false belief about oneself
c. Unhappy feelings and emotions
d. Extreme suspicion about another person or a situation
ANS: A

Feedback
A Correct. Self-harm means to inflict pain on oneself in order to deal with feelings
of anxiety, depression, numbness, loss of control, or self-anger, or to regain
emotional control over oneself.
B Incorrect. Self-harm means to inflict pain on oneself in order to deal with
feelings of anxiety, depression, numbness, loss of control, or self-anger, or to
regain emotional control over oneself.
C Incorrect. Self-harm means to inflict pain on oneself in order to deal with
feelings of anxiety, depression, numbness, loss of control, or self-anger, or to
regain emotional control over oneself.
D Incorrect. Self-harm means to inflict pain on oneself in order to deal with
feelings of anxiety, depression, numbness, loss of control, or self-anger, or to
regain emotional control over oneself.

PTS: 1 DIF: Understanding REF: Self-Harm Disorders

OBJ: 1: Describe the effects of mental health disorders on everyday life.

Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd. All rights reserved. 1
 2. What are anxiety disorders?
a. A group of mental health disorders in which anxiety is the main symptom
b. A false belief
c. Feelings and emotions
d. Extreme suspicion about a person or a situation
ANS: A

Feedback
A Correct. Anxiety disorders are a group of mental health disorders in which
anxiety is the main symptom.
B Incorrect. A fixed, false belief not based on reality relates to delusion.
C Incorrect. Affect describes a person’s feelings, emotions, and moods and the way
the person demonstrates them.
D Incorrect. Extreme suspicion about a person or a situation relates to paranoia.

PTS: 1 DIF: Remembering REF: Anxiety Disorders

OBJ: 7: Define the following mental health disorders and describe how to support clients who have
them.

3. The physician notes that 15-year-old Britney’s hands are red and chapped, and Britney’s
mother states that Britney washes her hands repeatedly. Which of the following best describes
this behaviour?
a. An obsessive behaviour
b. A paranoid behaviour
c. A phobic behaviour
d. A compulsive behaviour
ANS: D

Feedback
A Incorrect. An obsession is a persistent thought or desire.
B Incorrect. Paranoia is an extreme suspicion about a person or a situation.
C Incorrect. A phobia means a feeling of fear, panic, or dread.
D Correct. A compulsion is the uncontrollable urge to perform an act.

PTS: 1 DIF: Remembering | Understanding

REF: Obsessive–Compulsive and Related Disorders
OBJ: 7: Define the following mental health disorders and describe how to support clients who have
them.

Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd. All rights reserved. 2
 4. Mrs. Smith is experiencing a delusion. How should the support worker support her while this
is happening?
a. Do not argue with the client about the false belief.
b. Start singing loudly to distract the client.
c. Leave the client alone so the delusion can go away on its own.
d. Give the client a hug and let them know everything is going to be all right.
ANS: A

Feedback
A Correct. Do not argue with the client about a delusion or hallucination not being
real; it is real to the client. However, you can suggest gently to the client that the
delusion is not real.
B Incorrect. Singing loudly will not distract the client from belief in their delusion.
Instead, do not argue with the client about a delusion or hallucination not being
real; it is real to the client. However, you can suggest gently to the client that the
delusion is not real.
C Incorrect. Leaving the client alone will not necessarily make the delusion go
away. Instead, do not argue with the client about a delusion or hallucination not
being real; it is real to the client. However, you can suggest gently to the client
that the delusion is not real.
D Incorrect. Telling the client everything will be all right is not an appropriate
response. Instead, do not argue with the client about a delusion or hallucination
not being real; it is real to the client. However, you can suggest gently to the
client that the delusion is not real.

PTS: 1 DIF: Understanding

REF: Supporting Clients With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders
OBJ: 7: Define the following mental health disorders and describe how to support clients who have
them.

Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd. All rights reserved. 3
 5. Mrs. Villa, a 69-year-old client, has been diagnosed with a personality disorder. How could
the support worker support the plan of care for this client?
a. Plan to deal with the client according to how she treats you.
b. Always speak to the client in a factual, professional manner.
c. Do breathing exercises with the client.
d. Use distraction techniques to get the client to focus.
ANS: B

Feedback
A Incorrect. If a client has a personality disorder, you should support the client in
the following ways: accept the client in a caring, nonjudgemental way; speak to
the client in a factual, professional manner; provide care and support as specified
in the client’s care plan; deal with the client in a manner that is as consistent as
possible with how other staff members care for her; do not accept gifts, money,
or other items from your client.
B Correct. If a client has a personality disorder, you should support the client in the
following ways: accept the client in a caring, nonjudgemental way; speak to the
client in a factual, professional manner; provide care and support as specified in
the client’s care plan; deal with the client in a manner that is as consistent as
possible with how other staff members care for her; do not accept gifts, money,
or other items from your client.
C Incorrect. If a client has a personality disorder, you should support the client in
the following ways: accept the client in a caring, nonjudgemental way; speak to
the client in a factual, professional manner; provide care and support as specified
in the client’s care plan; deal with the client in a manner that is as consistent as
possible with how other staff members care for her; do not accept gifts, money,
or other items from your client.
D Incorrect. If a client has a personality disorder, you should support the client in
the following ways: accept the client in a caring, nonjudgemental way; speak to
the client in a factual, professional manner; provide care and support as specified
in the client’s care plan; deal with the client in a manner that is as consistent as
possible with how other staff members care for her; and do not accept gifts,
money, or other items from your client.

PTS: 1 DIF: Remembering | Understanding

REF: Supporting Clients With Personality Disorders
OBJ: 7: Define the following mental health disorders and describe how to support clients who have
them.

Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd. All rights reserved. 4
 6. To adequately address the physical, safety, and emotional needs of a client who has a mental
health disorder, which type of approach is recommended?
a. One that requires input from various members of the health care team
b. One that mainly requires input from the client
c. One that mainly requires input from the client’s pharmacist
d. One that requires input from the physician
ANS: A

Feedback
A Correct. The care-planning process aims to address the needs of clients who
have mental health disorders, including their physical safety and emotional
needs, and usually requires input from various members of the health care team.
B Incorrect. The care-planning process aims to address the needs of clients who
have mental health disorders, including their physical safety and emotional
needs, and usually requires input from various members of the health care team.
C Incorrect. The care-planning process aims to address the needs of clients who
have mental health disorders, including their physical safety and emotional
needs, and usually requires input from various members of the health care team.
D Incorrect. The care-planning process aims to address the needs of clients who
have mental health disorders, including their physical safety and emotional
needs, and usually requires input from various members of the health care team.

PTS: 1 DIF: Remembering | Understanding REF: Team Approach

OBJ: 7: Define the following mental health disorders and describe how to support clients who have
them.

Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd. All rights reserved. 5
 7. Families are often significantly affected by the mental health disorders experienced by their
loved ones. Which of the following best describes what these families may be going through?
a. They will be dismissive of their loved ones.
b. They will feel that they have to childproof their home to prevent injury.
c. They will feel supported by friends and family.
d. They may feel anxiety and face financial burdens.
ANS: D

Feedback
A Incorrect. Often, family members of clients who have mental health disorders
must make difficult decisions about care, treatment, and housing. They may feel
anxious about an uncertain future, and the financial burden of caring for a loved
one who is ill may be significant. Some family members may feel guilty and
blame themselves for the illness, and some others may be at risk for depression
themselves. Family members are also affected by the stigma of mental health
disorders. Friends and acquaintances who feel uncomfortable may not offer their
time or social support.
B Incorrect. Often, family members of clients who have mental health disorders
must make difficult decisions about care, treatment, and housing. They may feel
anxious about an uncertain future, and the financial burden of caring for a loved
one who is ill may be significant. Some family members may feel guilty and
blame themselves for the illness, and some others may be at risk for depression
themselves. Family members are also affected by the stigma of mental health
disorders. Friends and acquaintances who feel uncomfortable may not offer their
time or social support.
C Incorrect. Often, family members of clients who have mental health disorders
must make difficult decisions about care, treatment, and housing. They may feel
anxious about an uncertain future, and the financial burden of caring for a loved
one who is ill may be significant. Some family members may feel guilty and
blame themselves for the illness, and some others may be at risk for depression
themselves. Family members are also affected by the stigma of mental health
disorders. Friends and acquaintances who feel uncomfortable may not offer their
time or social support.
D Correct. Often, family members of clients who have mental health disorders
must make difficult decisions about care, treatment, and housing. They may feel
anxious about an uncertain future, and the financial burden of caring for a loved
one who is ill may be significant. Some family members may feel guilty and
blame themselves for the illness, and some others may be at risk for depression
themselves. Family members are also affected by the stigma of mental health
disorders. Friends and acquaintances who feel uncomfortable may not offer their
time or social support.

PTS: 1 DIF: Understanding REF: Effect on the Family

OBJ: 4: Describe the effect of mental health disorders on families.

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 8. What does the term panic mean?
a. A persistent thought or desire
b. Extreme suspicion about a person or a situation
c. An intense and sudden feeling of fear, anxiety, terror, or dread
d. Not being able to correctly view or interpret reality
ANS: C

Feedback
A Incorrect. A persistent thought or desire relates to an obsession.
B Incorrect. Extreme suspicion about a person or situation relates to paranoia.
C Correct. Panic is an intense and sudden feeling of fear, anxiety, terror, or dread
for no obvious reason.
D Incorrect. A mental state in which a person’s perception of reality is impaired
relates to psychosis.

PTS: 1 DIF: Understanding REF: Panic Disorder

OBJ: 7: Define the following mental health disorders and describe how to support clients who have
them.

Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd. All rights reserved. 7
 9. How can a support worker best support a client who has a schizophrenia spectrum disorder
when the client is exhibiting signs of delusions and hallucinations?
a. Try to talk the client out of believing that their delusion is real.
b. Do not worry about your nonverbal communication.
c. Do not pretend that the delusion or hallucination is real.
d. Encourage the client to focus on many tasks or activities to provide distraction.
ANS: C

Feedback
A Incorrect. A support worker can support a client who has a schizophrenia
spectrum disorder in the following ways: focus on one task or activity at time to
help the client focus; be aware of your own nonverbal communication (e.g.,
body language and facial expressions that could be perceived as threatening); do
not argue with the client about a delusion or hallucination not being real; do not
pretend that a delusion or hallucination is real; and use distractions (such as
music or taking the client for a walk) to avoid disturbing the client.
B Incorrect. A support worker can support a client who has a schizophrenia
spectrum disorder in the following ways: focus on one task or activity at time to
help the client focus; be aware of your own nonverbal communication (e.g.,
body language and facial expressions that could be perceived as threatening); do
not argue with the client about a delusion or hallucination not being real; do not
pretend that a delusion or hallucination is real; and use distractions (such as
music or taking the client for a walk) to avoid disturbing the client.
C Correct. A support worker can support a client who has a schizophrenia
spectrum disorder in the following ways: focus on one task or activity at time to
help the client focus; be aware of your own nonverbal communication (e.g.,
body language and facial expressions that could be perceived as threatening); do
not argue with the client about a delusion or hallucination not being real; do not
pretend that a delusion or hallucination is real; and use distractions (such as
music or taking the client for a walk) to avoid disturbing the client.
D Incorrect. A support worker can support a client who has a schizophrenia
spectrum disorder in the following ways: focus on one task or activity at time to
help the client focus; be aware of your own nonverbal communication (e.g.,
body language and facial expressions that could be perceived as threatening); do
not argue with the client about a delusion or hallucination not being real; do not
pretend that a delusion or hallucination is real; and use distractions (such as
music or taking the client for a walk) to avoid disturbing the client.

PTS: 1 DIF: Understanding

REF: Supporting Clients With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders
OBJ: 5: Explain the importance of DIPPS when supporting clients who have mental health disorders
and their families.

Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd. All rights reserved. 8
 10. Individuals who have phobias acquire a strong set of phobic beliefs. Which of the following
best describes what the client experiences as a result of these beliefs?
a. Extreme suspicion about a person or situation
b. Intense fear of a particular thing or situation
c. A persistent thought or desire
d. Fear, panic, or dread
ANS: B

Feedback
A Incorrect. Extreme suspicion about a person or situation relates to paranoia.
B Correct. A person with a phobic disorder has intense fear of a particular thing or
situation.
C Incorrect. A persistent thought or desire relates to an obsession.
D Incorrect. Fear, panic, or dread relates to phobia.

PTS: 1 DIF: Remembering | Understanding REF: Phobic Disorder

OBJ: 7: Define the following mental health disorders and describe how to support clients who have
them.

11. What is happening when a client has psychosis?

a. The client has extreme suspicion about a person or situation.
b. The client sees, hears, tastes, smells, or feels things that are not real.
c. The client’s perception of reality is impaired.
d. The client has fear, panic, or dread.
ANS: C

Feedback
A Incorrect. Extreme suspicion about a person or situation relates to paranoia.
B Incorrect. Seeing, hearing, tasting, smelling, or feeling something that is not real
is a hallucination.
C Correct. Psychosis is a mental state in which perception of reality is impaired.
D Incorrect. Fear, panic, or dread relates to phobia.

PTS: 1 DIF: Understanding

REF: Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders
OBJ: 1: Describe the effects of mental health disorders on everyday life.

Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd. All rights reserved. 9
 12. People who have mental health disorders often experience stigmatization. Which of the
following best describes how a support worker should support a client to avoid stigmatizing
them?
a. Sit close to the client and lock your eyes on the client.
b. Pay attention to your body language and verbal language.
c. Yell at the client if they show signs of aggression.
d. Reprimand the client if they are saying or doing something wrong.
ANS: B

Feedback
A Incorrect. Because they might have been exposed to negative attitudes in the
past, your clients and their families may be susceptible to any verbal or
nonverbal signs that indicate disapproval of them or stigmatization of people
who have mental health disorders. Therefore, you need to pay particular
attention to your body language and verbal language and make every attempt to
convey to them that you are respectful, nonjudgemental, and accepting of their
behaviours.
B Correct. Because they might have been exposed to negative attitudes in the past,
your clients and their families may be susceptible to any verbal or nonverbal
signs that indicate disapproval of them or stigmatization of people who have
mental health disorders. Therefore, you need to pay particular attention to your
body language and verbal language and make every attempt to convey to them
that you are respectful, nonjudgemental, and accepting of their behaviours.
C Incorrect. Because they might have been exposed to negative attitudes in the
past, your clients and their families may be susceptible to any verbal or
nonverbal signs that indicate disapproval of them or stigmatization of people
who have mental health disorders. Therefore, you need to pay particular
attention to your body language and verbal language and make every attempt to
convey to them that you are respectful, nonjudgemental, and accepting of their
behaviours.
D Incorrect. Because they might have been exposed to negative attitudes in the
past, your clients and their families may be susceptible to any verbal or
nonverbal signs that indicate disapproval of them or stigmatization of people
who have mental health disorders. Therefore, you need to pay particular
attention to your body language and verbal language and make every attempt to
convey to them that you are respectful, nonjudgemental, and accepting of their
behaviours.

PTS: 1 DIF: Understanding REF: The Importance of DIPPS

OBJ: 5: Explain the importance of DIPPS when supporting clients who have mental health disorders
and their families.

Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd. All rights reserved. 10
 13. Which of the following describes a person who is able to cope with and adjust to everyday
stresses?
a. Is mentally healthy
b. Has a mental health disorder
c. Has an emotional disorder
d. Has a psychiatric disorder
ANS: A

Feedback
A Correct. People who are mentally healthy may feel anxiety, sadness, grief, and
loneliness from time to time, but they can handle normal amounts of stress and
are able to express and control their emotions appropriately. Mental health is a
state of mind in which a person copes with and adjusts to the stressors of
everyday living in socially acceptable ways.
B Incorrect. A mental health disorder is a disturbance in a person’s ability to cope
with or adjust to stress, affecting the person’s thinking, mood, or behaviours and
impairing functioning.
C Incorrect. An emotional disorder is a disturbance in a person’s ability to cope
with or adjust to stress, affecting the person’s thinking, mood, or behaviours and
impairing functioning.
D Incorrect. A psychiatric disorder is a disturbance in a person’s ability to cope
with or adjust to stress, affecting the person’s thinking, mood, or behaviours and
impairing functioning.

PTS: 1 DIF: Understanding

REF: Mental Health and Mental Health Disorders
OBJ: 1: Describe the effects of mental health disorders on everyday life.

Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd. All rights reserved. 11
 14. A person’s ability to cope with and adjust to stress is disturbed, and their thinking, mood,
behaviour, and function are impaired. Which of the following statements about this person is
correct?
a. The person has a mental health disorder.
b. The person has extreme suspicion about a person or situation.
c. The person has mood swings.
d. The person has paranoia.
ANS: A

Feedback
A Correct. A person with this description has a mental health disorder.
B Incorrect. A person with extreme suspicion about a person or situation could
have paranoia.
C Incorrect. Mood swings are a characteristic of several mental health disorders.
D Incorrect. A person with paranoia has extreme suspicion about a person or
situation.

PTS: 1 DIF: Understanding

REF: Mental Health and Mental Health Disorders
OBJ: 1: Describe the effects of mental health disorders on everyday life.

Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd. All rights reserved. 12
 15. Which of these factors contributes to the development of a mental health disorder?
a. Environment
b. Personality
c. Genetics
d. All of the above
ANS: D

Feedback
A Incorrect. A mental health disorder, which can be caused by a combination of
genetic, biological, personality, and environmental factors, is a disturbance in a
person’s ability to cope with or adjust to stress; as a result, the person’s thinking,
mood, and behaviours are affected, and functioning is impaired.
B Incorrect. A mental health disorder, which can be caused by a combination of
genetic, biological, personality, and environmental factors, is a disturbance in a
person’s ability to cope with or adjust to stress; as a result, the person’s thinking,
mood, and behaviours are affected, and functioning is impaired.
C Incorrect. A mental health disorder, which can be caused by a combination of
genetic, biological, personality, and environmental factors, is a disturbance in a
person’s ability to cope with or adjust to stress; as a result, the person’s thinking,
mood, and behaviours are affected, and functioning is impaired.
D Correct. A mental health disorder, which can be caused by a combination of
genetic, biological, personality, and environmental factors, is a disturbance in a
person’s ability to cope with or adjust to stress; as a result, the person’s thinking,
mood, and behaviours are affected, and functioning is impaired.

PTS: 1 DIF: Remembering

REF: Mental Health and Mental Health Disorders
OBJ: 2: List factors that may contribute to mental health disorders.

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 16. What can a support worker do to help a client who is experiencing panic?
a. Help the client confront the situations causing the anxiety.
b. Discuss subjects that cause the client anxiety.
c. Comfort the client during periods of anxiety.
d. Call the client’s physician.
ANS: C

Feedback
A Incorrect. Avoid situations that are known to cause anxiety. For example, if a
client is afraid of small, closed spaces, keep the person away from these.
B Incorrect. Avoid discussing subjects that cause anxiety. Keep the conversation
on other subjects.
C Correct. Provide comfort during periods of anxiety. Stay with a client who is
extremely anxious or having a panic attack. Use touch to reassure the client, if
appropriate. Offer limited, clear choices to make decision making easier so as
not to induce further stress. Report the situation to your supervisor.
D Incorrect. Provide comfort during periods of anxiety. Stay with a client who is
extremely anxious or having a panic attack. Use touch to reassure the client, if
appropriate. Offer limited, clear choices to make decision making easier so as
not to induce further stress. Report the situation to your supervisor.

PTS: 1 DIF: Understanding

REF: Supporting Clients With Anxiety Disorders
OBJ: 7: Define the following mental health disorders and describe how to support clients who have
them.

17. A person who has agoraphobia has a fear of what?

a. Hurting someone
b. One’s thoughts causing someone harm
c. Being in an open, crowded, or public space
d. Being trapped in an enclosed or narrow space
ANS: C

Feedback
A Incorrect. An example of a common obsession includes ruminating about (being
preoccupied with) hurting someone, and this could occur as part of
obsessive–compulsive disorder.
B Incorrect. Fearing that one’s thoughts will cause someone harm is an obsession
and could occur as part of obsessive–compulsive disorder.
C Correct. A person who has agoraphobia has a fear of being in an open, crowded,
or public space.
D Incorrect. Fear of small, enclosed spaces is claustrophobia.

PTS: 1 DIF: Understanding REF: Phobic Disorder

OBJ: 7: Define the following mental health disorders and describe how to support clients who have
them.

Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd. All rights reserved. 14
 18. Samantha has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. Which of the following is true about this
mental health disorder?
a. The client may have periods of remission.
b. The client may have periods of repression.
c. The client will lose the ability to comprehend language.
d. The client will experience mild psychosis.
ANS: A

Feedback
A Correct. Some people who have schizophrenia may have one severe psychotic
episode that lasts for a month or more. Most individuals experience signs and
symptoms throughout their lives but may have periods of remission.
B Incorrect. Some people who have schizophrenia may have one severe psychotic
episode that lasts for a month or more. Most individuals experience signs and
symptoms throughout their lives but may have periods of remission.
C Incorrect. Some people who have schizophrenia may have one severe psychotic
episode that lasts for a month or more. Most individuals experience signs and
symptoms throughout their lives but may have periods of remission.
D Incorrect. Some people who have schizophrenia may have one severe psychotic
episode that lasts for a month or more. Most individuals experience signs and
symptoms throughout their lives but may have periods of remission.

PTS: 1 DIF: Understanding

REF: Obsessive–Compulsive and Related Disorders
OBJ: 7: Define the following mental health disorders and describe how to support clients who have
them.

Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd. All rights reserved. 15
 19. When does post-traumatic stress disorder occur?
a. After a terrifying ordeal
b. After taking illegal drugs
c. In persons newly diagnosed with mental health disorders
d. In persons with dementia
ANS: A

Feedback
A Correct. Any traumatic event, such as war, fires, accidents, burns, torture,
kidnapping, concentration camps, incest, or violent crimes can overwhelm the
normal psychological coping mechanisms of the person witnessing those events.
B Incorrect. Post-traumatic stress disorder does not occur after taking illegal drugs.
C Incorrect. Post-traumatic stress disorder does not occur in persons newly
diagnosed with mental health disorders.
D Incorrect. Post-traumatic stress disorder does not occur in persons with
dementia.

PTS: 1 DIF: Understanding

REF: Trauma and Stressor-Related Disorders
OBJ: 7: Define the following mental health disorders and describe how to support clients who have
them.

20. In which of the following conditions may psychotic episodes occur?

a. Obsessive–compulsive disorders
b. Bipolar disorder
c. Schizophrenia
d. Antisocial personality disorder
ANS: C

Feedback
A Incorrect. Psychotic episodes do not occur in obsessive–compulsive disorders.
B Incorrect. Psychotic episodes do not occur in bipolar disorder.
C Correct. Some people who have schizophrenia may have one severe psychotic
episode that lasts for a month or more. Most experience signs and symptoms
throughout their lives but may have periods of remission, when the signs and
symptoms of the disease lessen or disappear.
D Incorrect. Psychotic episodes do not occur in an antisocial personality disorder.

PTS: 1 DIF: Understanding

REF: Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders
OBJ: 7: Define the following mental health disorders and describe how to support clients who have
them.

Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd. All rights reserved. 16
 21. Which of the following is correct about a person who has bipolar and related disorders?
a. Experiences unusual shifts in mood, energy, and ability to function
b. Abuses others
c. Is hostile
d. Cannot interpret reality correctly
ANS: A

Feedback
A Correct. Bipolar and related disorders (also known by its street name
manic-depressive illness) are a group of related brain disorders that cause
unusual shifts in a person’s mood, energy, and ability to function, different from
the normal ups and downs that everyone goes through.
B Incorrect. Bipolar disorder in children and adolescents can be hard to distinguish
from other issues, such as drug abuse, that occur in these age groups and have
similar symptoms. Signs and symptoms of mania or a manic episode include the
abuse of drugs, particularly cocaine, alcohol, and sleep medications.
C Incorrect. Hostile behaviour is a characteristic of other mental health disorders
but not bipolar and related disorders.
D Incorrect. Inability to interpret reality occurs in schizophrenia.

PTS: 1 DIF: Understanding

REF: Bipolar and Related Disorders
OBJ: 7: Define the following mental health disorders and describe how to support clients who have
them.

22. Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa occur mostly in which group?
a. Teenage boys
b. Adolescent girls and young women
c. Middle-aged men who are athletes
d. Middle-aged women after menopause
ANS: B

Feedback
A Incorrect. Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa predominately affect
adolescent girls and young women.
B Correct. Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa predominately affect adolescent
girls and young women.
C Incorrect. Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa predominately affect
adolescent girls and young women.
D Incorrect. Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa predominately affect
adolescent girls and young women.

PTS: 1 DIF: Understanding

REF: Feeding and Eating Disorders
OBJ: 7: Define the following mental health disorders and describe how to support clients who have
them.

Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd. All rights reserved. 17
 23. Which of the following is not a sign or symptom of bulimia nervosa?
a. Starvation
b. Purging
c. Vomiting blood
d. Constipation
ANS: A

Feedback
A Correct. Starvation is not a sign or symptom of bulimia nervosa. Bulimia
nervosa is a psychological feeding and eating disorder that is characterized by
episodes of binge eating followed by inappropriate methods of weight control
(purging).
B Incorrect. Purging is a sign or symptom of bulimia nervosa.
C Incorrect. Vomiting blood is a sign or symptom of bulimia nervosa.
D Incorrect. Constipation is a sign or symptom of bulimia nervosa.

PTS: 1 DIF: Understanding REF: Bulimia Nervosa

OBJ: 7: Define the following mental health disorders and describe how to support clients who have
them.

Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd. All rights reserved. 18
 24. Eating substances without nutritional value for a period of at least a month is known as which
of the following disorders?
a. Anorexia nervosa
b. Bulimia nervosa
c. Binge eating
d. Pica
ANS: D

Feedback
A Incorrect. There are three key features that define anorexia nervosa, a
life-threatening feeding and eating disorder that is serious, complex, and often
chronic: a refusal to maintain minimum body weight within 15% of an
individual’s normal weight, an intense fear of weight gain, and a distorted body
image whereby the person thinks of themselves as fat or ugly.
B Incorrect. Bulimia nervosa is a psychological feeding and eating disorder that is
characterized by episodes of binge eating followed by inappropriate methods of
weight control (purging).
C Incorrect. Binge eating is a compulsion in which a person eats a much larger
amount of food than most people would in a similar situation—sometimes up to
20,000 calories at a time—during periods of uncontrolled, impulsive, or
continuous eating.
D Correct. The list of nonfood items that clients diagnosed with pica have put in
their mouths or eaten include clay, dirt, sand, stones, pebbles, hair, feces, lead,
laundry starch, vinyl gloves, plastic, pencil erasers, ice, fingernails, paper, paint
chips, coal, chalk, wood, plaster, light bulbs, needles, string, cigarette butts,
wire, and burnt matches.

PTS: 1 DIF: Understanding REF: Pica

OBJ: 7: Define the following mental health disorders and describe how to support clients who have
them.

Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd. All rights reserved. 19
 25. When supporting a client who has a substance-dependence disorder, Fred, a support worker,
should do which of the following?
a. Talk to the client if he smells alcohol on the client’s breath or if he observes
suspicious behaviour.
b. Avoid confrontation.
c. Buy alcohol, drugs, or other substances for clients if instructed to do so by the
supervisor.
d. Turn to his family for advice, as he thinks the client is abusing alcohol.
ANS: B

Feedback
A Incorrect. Avoid confrontation. If you think a client is abusing a substance, do
not argue. Tell your supervisor about the situation immediately.
B Correct. Avoid confrontation. If you think a client is abusing a substance, do not
argue. Tell your supervisor about the situation immediately. Do not discuss the
matter with anyone else.
C Incorrect. Never buy alcohol, drugs, or other substances for clients—this is
unethical. Report any such requests from clients to your supervisor.
D Incorrect. If you think a client is abusing a substance, do not argue. Tell your
supervisor about the situation immediately.

PTS: 1 DIF: Understanding

REF: Supporting Clients With Substance-Dependence Disorders
OBJ: 7: Define the following substance-use disorders and describe how to support clients who have
them.

Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd. All rights reserved. 20