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OOP Concepts for Software Students

The document is an assignment on Object-Oriented Software Engineering covering key concepts such as classes, objects, metadata, reusability, abstract classes, encapsulation, UML, and persistence. It also discusses differences between generalization and specialization, aggregation and composition, and provides short notes on method overloading, polymorphism, method overriding, interfaces, and inheritance. Additionally, it outlines the 4+1 architecture and SDLC phases, and includes various diagram types like object, class, ER, EER, and DFD diagrams.

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JUHI CHOPRA
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26 views6 pages

OOP Concepts for Software Students

The document is an assignment on Object-Oriented Software Engineering covering key concepts such as classes, objects, metadata, reusability, abstract classes, encapsulation, UML, and persistence. It also discusses differences between generalization and specialization, aggregation and composition, and provides short notes on method overloading, polymorphism, method overriding, interfaces, and inheritance. Additionally, it outlines the 4+1 architecture and SDLC phases, and includes various diagram types like object, class, ER, EER, and DFD diagrams.

Uploaded by

JUHI CHOPRA
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Object-Oriented Software Engineering - Assignment 1

Q1. Explanation of Terms with Examples/Diagrams

1. Class and Object:

- Class: A blueprint for objects.

- Object: An instance of a class.

Example:

class Car {

String color;

void start() {

System.out.println("Car started");

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Car myCar = new Car();

myCar.color = "Red";

myCar.start();

2. Metadata:

Metadata is data about data, providing information about structure and constraints.

Example: XML or JSON schema.


Object-Oriented Software Engineering - Assignment 1

3. Reusability:

The ability to use existing code in new contexts.

Example: Using inheritance to extend class functionality.

4. Abstract Class and Encapsulation:

- Abstract Class: Cannot be instantiated; provides a base for subclasses.

- Encapsulation: Bundles data and methods, restricting direct access.

Example:

abstract class Shape {

abstract void draw();

class Circle extends Shape {

void draw() {

System.out.println("Drawing Circle");

5. UML Concepts:

UML (Unified Modeling Language) visually represents a system?s structure.

Example: Class diagrams, use-case diagrams.

6. Persistence:

Storing data for long-term access.

Example: Databases like MySQL.


Object-Oriented Software Engineering - Assignment 1

Class Diagram Example

Q2. Differences

a. Generalization vs. Specialization:

- Generalization: Combining subclasses into a general superclass.

- Specialization: Creating subclasses from a superclass.

b. Aggregation vs. Composition:

- Aggregation: A "has-a" relationship; objects exist independently.

- Composition: A "part-of" relationship; objects depend on each other.

c. Link vs. Association:

- Link: Physical connection between objects.

- Association: Logical connection showing relationships.

Q3. Short Notes


Object-Oriented Software Engineering - Assignment 1

a. Method Overloading:

Defining methods with the same name but different parameters.

Example:

void add(int a, int b) {}

void add(double a, double b) {}

b. Polymorphism:

The ability of an object to take many forms.

c. Method Overriding:

Redefining a parent class method in a child class.

d. Interfaces:

A collection of abstract methods implemented by classes.

Example:

interface Animal {

void sound();

class Dog implements Animal {

public void sound() {

System.out.println("Woof");

}
Object-Oriented Software Engineering - Assignment 1

e. Inheritance and Types:

Mechanism for a class to acquire properties of another class.

Types: Single, multiple, multilevel, hierarchical, hybrid.

Q4. 4+1 Architecture and SDLC

a. 4+1 Architecture:

Organizes a system into 5 views: Logical, Process, Physical, Development, and Use Case.

b. SDLC Phases:

Waterfall: Requirement -> Design -> Implementation -> Testing -> Deployment.

Prototype: Building a working prototype for feedback.

Q5. Diagrams

a. Object Diagram:

Represents objects and their relationships.

b. Class Diagram:

Shows class structures, attributes, and methods.

c. ER Diagram:

Entity-Relationship diagram for database modeling.


Object-Oriented Software Engineering - Assignment 1

d. EER Diagram:

Enhanced ER diagram with specialization and generalization.

e. DFD Diagram:

Data Flow Diagram for process modeling.

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