INDIAN EDUCATION SOCIETY

ORION ICSE
Mathematics
STD – VIII
SEMESTER 2: Revision Worksheet
• PERCENT AND PERCENTAGE

a) A bag contains 8 white and 12 black balls. Find the percentage of black balls in
the bag.
b) A student has to obtain 35% of total marks to pass. He got 25% of the total
marks and failed by 80 marks. Find total marks of the exam.
c) The cost of an article is first increased by 20% and then decreased by 30%, find
the percentage change in the cost of the article.
d) In an election there were only two candidates, one candidate secured 40% of the
votes polled and was defeated by 800 votes. Find the total number of votes.
e) If 30 is increased to 45, what is the increase percent?
f) Decrease 230 by 20%

Solution:

a) No. Ob black balls = 8

No. of white balls = 12
Total no. of balls = 8 + 12 = 20
12
Required % = 20 × 100% = 60%

b) Let total marks be x

According to given condition,
35% of 𝑥 = 25% of 𝑥 + 80
35 25
×𝑥 = × 𝑥 + 80
100 100
35 25
×𝑥− × 𝑥 = 80
100 100
10
× 𝑥 = 80
100
𝑥 = 800

c) Let the original cost = ₹100

Increased by 20%
New cost = 100 + 20 = ₹120
120×30
Decreased by 30% = = ₹36
100
New cost = 120 – 36 = ₹ 84
Overall change = 100 – 84 = ₹16
16
Required percentage = 100 × 100 = 16% 𝑑𝑒𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑒
 d) % of votes secured by one of the candidates = 40%
Then the other candidate got = 100-40 = 60% votes
Difference in percentage = 20%
20% of the total votes = 800
20/100 of the total votes = 800
800×100
The total votes = = 4000
20
The total number of votes =4000
e) Increase = 45-30 = 15
15
Increase percent = (30 × 100) %
=50%

20
f) The decrease amount = 230 − 100 𝑜𝑓 230
20
= 230 − 100 × 230
= 230 − 46 = 184

• PROFIT, LOSS AND DISCOUNT

a) If C.P. = ₹ 150 and loss = 50%, find S.P.

b) By selling 10 articles, a man gains equal to cost price of 2 articles, find the profit
he made.
c) 2/3 rd of the total articles were sold at a profit of 5% and remaining at the loss of
2%. If the total profit is ₹ 400, find the value of the total articles.
d) How much percent above the cost price should a shopkeeper mark his goods so
that after allowing a discount of 25% on the marked price, he gains 20%?
e) Find the single discount equivalent to two successive discounts of 20% and 10%.

Solution:
a) C.P. = ₹150
Loss = 50% of C.P.
50
=100 × 150 = ₹75
Loss = C.P. – S.P.
S.P. = C.P. + Loss
S.P. = 150-75= ₹75

b) Let C.P. of one article = ₹1

C.P. of 10 articles = ₹10
Profit made = C.P. of 2 articles = ₹2
𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑓𝑖𝑡
Profit % = 𝐶.𝑃.𝑜𝑓 10 𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑙𝑒𝑠 × 100%
2
= × 100% = 20%
10
c) Let the C.P. of one article be ₹ 𝑥
2
C.P. of 2/3rd articles = 3 𝑥
Profit made on these articles = 5% of C.P.
5 2 10𝑥
Profit = 100 × 3 𝑥 = 300
1
Now, C.P. of the remaining 1/3rd articles = 3 𝑥
Loss on these articles = 2% of C.P.
2 1 2𝑥
Loss = × 𝑥=
100 3 300
10𝑥 2𝑥
Net profit = 300 − 300 = ₹400
8𝑥 = 300 × 400
𝑥 = 120000/8
𝑥 = ₹ 15000

d) Let the cost price be₹ 100.

Gain required = 20%.
Therefore, selling price = ₹ 120.
Let the marked price be ₹𝑥.
Then, discount = 25% of ₹𝑥
25
= ₹ (𝑥 × 100)
𝑥
= ₹4
Therefore, selling price = (Marked Price) - (discount)
𝑥
= ₹ {x - (4)}

3𝑥
=₹ 4
3𝑥
Therefore, = 120
4
4
𝑥 = {120 × (3)} = 160
Therefore, marked price = ₹ 160.
Hence, the marked price is 60% above cost price.

e) Let the marked price of an article be ₹ 100.

Then, first discount on it = ₹ 20.
Price after first discount = ₹ (100 - 20) = ₹ 80.
Second discount on it = 10% of ₹ 80
10
= ₹ {80 × (100)}
= ₹ 8.
Price after second discount = ₹ (80 - 8) = ₹ 72.
Net selling price = ₹ 72.
Single discount equivalent to given successive discounts = (100 - 72) % = 28%.
 • INTREST (SIMPLE AND COMPOUND)

a) A man deposited ₹1000 in a bank. In return he got ₹1331. Bank gave interest
10% per annum. How long did he keep the money in the bank?
1
b) Find the amount and the compound interest on ₹ 4,000 is 12 years at 10 % per
annum compounded half-yearly.
c) If the rate of compound interest for the first, second and third year be 8%, 10%
and 15% respectively, find the amount and the compound interest on ₹ 12,000 in
3 years.
d) Rajesh deposited ₹ 10000 for 4 year at a rate of 6% p.a. Find the interest and
amount Rajesh got.
e) Find the interest to be paid at the end of one year on ₹ 1200 at 8 ½ % per
annum.

Solution:
a) Let the required time be n years. Then,
𝑅 𝑛
𝐴 = 𝑃 (1 + )
100

10 𝑛
𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑡 = ₹ {1000 × (1 + ) }
100

11 𝑛
= ₹ {1000 × (10) }

11 𝑛
Therefore, 1000 × (10) = 1331 [since, amount = ₹ 1331 (given)]
11 𝑛 1331 11 × 11 × 11 11 3
( ) = = = ( )
10 1000 10 × 10 × 10 10

11 𝑛 11 3
( ) = ( )
10 10
n = 3.
Hence, the required time is 3 years.

b) The interest is compounded half-yearly. So,

Principal (P) = ₹ 4,000
1
Number of years (n) = 12 =3/2 years
𝑛×2
𝑅
𝐴 = 𝑃 (1 + )
2 × 100
3
×2
10 2
𝐴 = 4000 (1 + )
2 × 100
3
1
𝐴 = 4000 (1 + )
2 × 10
 21 3
𝐴 = 4000 ( )
20
21 21 21
𝐴 = 4000 ( × × )
20 20 20

9261
𝐴 = 4000 ( )
8000
A = ₹ 4,630.50 and
Compound interest = Amount - Principal
= ₹ 4,630.50 - ₹ 4,000
= ₹ 630.50
Therefore, the amount is $ 4,630.50 and the compound interest is ₹630.50

c) R1= 8%, R2= 10%, R3= 15%

𝑅1 𝑅2 𝑅3
𝐴 = 𝑃 (1 + ) (1 + ) (1 + )
100 100 100
8 10 15
𝐴 = 12,000 (1 + ) (1 + ) (1 + )
100 100 100
27 11 23
𝐴 = 12,000 × × ×
25 10 20
6831
𝐴 = 12,000 ×
5000
A = ₹ 16,394.40
Therefore, the required amount = ₹ 16,394.40
Therefore, the compound interest = Final amount - Initial principal
= ₹ 16,394.40 - ₹ 12,000
= ₹ 4,394.40

d) Principal (P) = ₹ 10000,

Time (T) = 4 years,
Rate (R) = 6% p.a.
{𝑃𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑝𝑎𝑙 (𝑃) × 𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒 (𝑅) × 𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 (𝑇)}
𝑆𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑡 (𝑆𝐼) =
100
10000 × 6 × 4
=
100
= ₹ 2400
Amount (A) = Principal (P) + Interest (I)
= 10000 + 2400
= ₹ 12400
The interest Rajesh got = ₹ 2400.
Therefore, the amount Rajesh got ₹ 12400.
 𝑃 × 𝑅 ×𝑇
e) 𝐼 = 100
17
2000 × 2 × 1
𝐼 =
100
2000 × 17 × 1
=
2 × 100
= ₹ 170

• DIRECT AND INVERSE VARIATION

a) x and y are in proportion. Complete the following table by finding the value of a
and b.
x 2 4 b
y 3 a 15
b) If 192 bananas cost ₹320 then find how many bananas can be bought for ₹200.
c) A fort has food for 150 men for 35 days. If 25 more men join the fort, then find the
number of days for which the food shall last.
d) 6 oxen or 8 cows can graze a field in 28 days. How long would 9 oxen and 2
cows take to graze the same field?
e) If ₹ 166.50 is the cost of 9 kg of sugar, how much sugar can be purchased for ₹
259?

Solution
a) 𝑥/𝑦 = 2/3
Then,
2 4
=
3 𝑎
4×3
𝑎=
2
𝒂=𝟔

2 𝑏
=
3 15
2 × 15
𝑏=
3
𝒃 = 𝟏𝟎

b) Let the number of bananas be x

No. of bananas Cost ₹
192 320
X 200
It is a direct variation.
192 320
=
𝑥 200
 192 × 200
=𝑥
320

𝑥 = 120
120 bananas can be purchased for ₹ 200.

c) Let the no. of days be x

Increased no. of men = 150 + 25 = 175
No. of men No. of days
150 35
175 x
It is inverse variation
150 × 35 = 175 × 𝑥
150 × 35
𝑥=
175
𝑥 = 30
The food will last for 30 days.

d) 6 oxen = 8 cows
1 ox = 8/6 cows
9 oxen = (8/6 × 9) cows = 12 cows
(9 oxen + 2 cows) = (12 cows + 2 cows) = 14 cows
Now, 8 cows can graze the field in 28 days
1 cow can graze the field in (28 × 8) days [less cows, more days]
14 cows can graze the field in (28 × 8)/14 days = 16 days [more cows, less days]
Hence, 9 oxen and 2 cows can graze the field in 16 days.

e) For ₹ 166.50, sugar purchased = 9 kg

For ₹ 1, sugar purchased = 9/166.50 kg [less money, less sugar]
For ₹ 259, sugar purchased = {(9/166.50) × 259} kg [More money, more sugar]
= 14 kg.
Hence, 14 kg of sugar can be purchased for ₹ 259.

• LINEAR EQUATIONS IN ONE VARIABLE

a) The sum of three consecutive multiples of 4 is 444. Find these multiples.

b) Divide 28 into two parts in such a way that 6/5 of one part is equal to 2/3 of
the other.
2 3
c) Solve: 𝑥 + 3 = 5 – 𝑥
𝑥 𝑥
d) Solve: 2 + 3 = 𝑥 − 7
2𝑥 + 5
e) Solve: =1
𝑥+4

Solution:
a) If x is a multiple of 4, the next multiple is x + 4, next to this is x + 8.
Their sum = 444
 According to the question,
x + (x + 4) + (x + 8) = 444
x + x + 4 + x + 8 = 444
x + x + x + 4 + 8 = 444
3x + 12 = 444
3x = 444 - 12
x = 432/3
x = 144
Therefore, x + 4 = 144 + 4 = 148
x + 8 = 144 + 8 = 152
Therefore, the three consecutive multiples of 4 are 144, 148, 152.

b) Let one part be x.

Then other part = 28 - x
It is given 6/5 of one part = 2/3 of the other.
6 2
( ) 𝑥 = (28 − 𝑥)
5 3
3𝑥 1(28 − 𝑥)
=
5 3
9x = 5(28 - x)
9x = 140 - 5x
9x + 5x = 140
14x = 140
x = 140/14
x = 10
Then the two parts are 10 and 28 - 10 = 18.
2 3
c) = 5−𝑥
𝑥+3

3(𝑥 + 3) = 2(5 − 𝑥) (𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑦)

3𝑥 + 9 = 10 − 2𝑥
3𝑥 + 2𝑥 = 10 – 9 (𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔)
5𝑥 = 1
5𝑥/5 = 1/5 (𝐷𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑏𝑜𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠 𝑏𝑦 5)
𝑥 = 1/5
𝑥 𝑥
d) +3= 𝑥 − 7
2

𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑛 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑓 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 3 𝑖𝑠 6

𝑥 3 𝑥 2
( × )+ ( × )= 𝑥 − 7
2 3 3 2

3𝑥 2𝑥
+ = 𝑥 − 7
6 6
 3𝑥 + 2𝑥
= 𝑥 − 7
6
5𝑥
= 𝑥 − 7
6

5𝑥 = 6(𝑥 − 7)
5𝑥 = 6𝑥 − 42
5𝑥 − 6𝑥 = −42
−𝑥 = −42
𝑥 = 42

2𝑥 + 5
e) Solve: 𝑥 + 4 = 1
2𝑥 + 5 = 1(𝑥 + 4)

2𝑥 + 5 = 𝑥 + 4

2𝑥 − 𝑥 = 4 − 5

𝑥 = −1
• LINEAR INEQUATIONS

a) Solve the inequation 3x - 5 < 4, x ∈ N and represent the solution set graphically.
b) Solve: 2𝑥 + 3 ≤ 15
c) Solve 2𝑥 + 8 ≥ 18, 𝑥 ∈ 𝑊 represent the inequation graphically.
d) Solve: 0 < 4𝑥 − 9 ≤ 5, 𝑥 ∈ 𝑁

Solution:

a) 3x - 5 < 4
3x - 5 + 5 < 4 + 5 (Add 5 to both sides)
3x < 9
3x/3 < 9/3 (Divide both sides by 3)
x<3
the replacement set = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, ...}
Therefore, the solution set = {1, 2}

b) 2𝑥+ 3 ≤ 15
2𝑥 + 3 − 3 ≤ 15 − 3 (𝑺𝒖𝒃𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒄𝒕 𝟑 𝒇𝒓𝒐𝒎 𝒃𝒐𝒕𝒉 𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆𝒔)
2𝑥 ≤ 12
2𝑥/2 ≤ 12/2 (𝑫𝒊𝒗𝒊𝒅𝒆 𝒃𝒐𝒕𝒉 𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆𝒔 𝒃𝒚 𝟐)
𝑥 ≤ 6
 the solution set S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

c) 2𝑥 + 8 − 8 ≥ 18 − 8 (𝑺𝒖𝒃𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒄𝒕 𝟖 𝒇𝒓𝒐𝒎 𝒃𝒐𝒕𝒉 𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆𝒔)

2𝑥 ≥ 10
2𝑥/2 ≥ 10/2 (𝑫𝒊𝒗𝒊𝒅𝒆 𝒃𝒐𝒕𝒉 𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆𝒔 𝒃𝒚 𝟐)
𝑥 ≥ 5
𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑠𝑒𝑡 = {5, 6, 7, 8, 9, . . . }

d) 0 < 4𝑥 − 9 ≤ 5, 𝑥 ∈ 𝑁
𝐶𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝐼: 0 < 4𝑥 − 9
0 + 9 < 4𝑥 − 9 + 9
9 < 4𝑥
9/4 < 4𝑥/4
2.25 < 𝑥

𝐶𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝐼𝐼: 4𝑥 − 3 ≤ 9
4𝑥 − 3 + 3 ≤ 9 + 3
4𝑥 ≤ 12
𝑥 ≤ 3
Solution set x = {3}

• AREA OF A TRAPEZIUM AND A POLYGON

a) The floor of a building consists of 3000 tiles which are rhombus shaped and each
of its diagonals are 45 cm and 30 cm in length. Find the total cost of polishing the
floor, if the cost per m2 is ₹. 4.
b) A plot is in the form of a rectangle ABCD having
semi-circle on BC, as shown in Fig. If AB = 60 m
and BC = 28 m, Find the area of the plot.

c) The diameter of a wheel of a bus is 90 cm which

makes 315 revolutions per minute. Determine its speed in kilometres per hour.
(Take π=22/7)
d) Mohan wants to buy a trapezium shaped field.
Its side along the river is parallel and twice the
side along the road. If the area of this field is
10500 m2 and the perpendicular distance
between the two parallel sides is 100 m, find
the length of the side along the river.

e) The area of a rhombus is equal to the area of a triangle whose base and the
corresponding altitude are 24.8 cm and 16.5 cm respectively. If one of the
diagonals of the rhombus is 22 cm, find the length of the other diagonal.
Solution:
1
a) Area of rhombus = 2 × 𝑑1 × 𝑑2
1
Area of rhombus = 2 × 45 × 30
1350
Area of rhombus = 2 = 675
So, Area of rhombus = 675 cm2
∴ Area of one tile = 675 cm2
Now, Area of 3000 tiles = 675× 3000 = 2025000 cm2
Area of tiles in m2 = 2025000/10000 = 202.5 m2
Total cost for polishing the floor = 202.5× 4 = ₹ 810

b) Area of the plot = Area of the rectangle + Area of

semi-circle
Radius of semi-circle = BC/2 = 28/2 = 14m
Area of the Rectangular plot = Length × Breadth
= 60 × 28 = 1680 m2
𝜋𝑟 2
Area of the Semi-circular portion = 2
1 22
= 2 × 7 × 14 × 14
= 308 m2
∴ The total area of the plot = 1680 + 308 = 1988 m2

c) Diameter of a wheel = 90 cm
Perimeter of wheel = πd
Perimeter of wheel = 22/7 × 90 = 282.857 cm
Distance covered in 1 revolution = Perimeter of a wheel = 282.857 cm
Distance covered in 315 revolutions = 282.857× 315 = 89099.955 cm
Speed = 89099.955 cm per minute
One km = 100000 cm
Therefore, Distance covered = 89099.955/100000 = 0.89 km
1
Speed in km per hour = 0.89 ÷ 16 = 0.89 × 60 = 53.4 km per hour

d) Let the length of side of trapezium shaped field along

road = x meter
Length of other side of trapezium shaped field along road
= 2x meter
Area of trapezium = 10500 cm2
Distance between parallel sides = 100 m
Area of trapezium = 1/2 (Sum of lengths of parallel sides)
× distance between parallel sides
Area of trapezium = 1/2 (Sum of sides) × distance between parallel sides
10500 = 1/2 (x + 2x) × 100
10500 = 1/2 (3x) × 100
3x = 10500/50
3x = 210
x = 210/3 = 70
x = 70
∴ Length of side of trapezium shaped field along road = 70 m
And, Length of other side of trapezium shaped field along road = 2x = 70× 2 = 140 m

e) Length of base of triangle = 24.8 cm

Length of altitude of triangle= 16.5 cm
∴ Area of triangle = 1/2 × base × altitude
Area of triangle = 1/2 × 24.8 × 16.5 = 204.6 cm2
Since, Area of triangle = Area of rhombus
∴ Area of rhombus = 1/2 × d1 × d2
204.6 = 1/2 × 22 × d2
204.6 = 11 × d2
d2 = 204.6/11 = 18.6
∴ The length of other diagonal is 18.6 cm

• SURFACE AREA, VOLUME AND CAPACITY

a) A milk container is 8 cm long and 50 cm wide. What should be its height so that it
can hold 4 litres of milk?
b) The walls and ceiling of a room are to be plastered. The length, breadth and
height of the room are 4.5 m, 3 m and 350 cm, respectively. Find the cost of
plastering at the rate of ₹ 8 per square metre.
c) A closed iron tank 12 m long, 9 m wide and 4 m deep is to be made. Determine
the cost of iron sheet used at the rate of ₹ 5 per metre sheet, sheet being 2 m
wide.
d) The dimensions of a room are 12.5 m by 9 m by 7 m. There are 2 doors and 4
windows in the room; each door measures 2.5 m by 1.2 m and each window 1.5
m by 1 m. Find the cost of painting the walls at ₹ 3.50 per square metre.
e) The length of a hall is 18 m and the width 12 m. The sum of the areas of the floor
and the flat roof is equal to the sum of the areas of the four walls. Find the height
of the wall.

Solution:
a) Volume = 4 litres = 4000 cm3
Length of a milk container = 8 cm
Breadth of a milk container = 50 cm
Let height of milk container be ‘h’ cm
l × b × h = 4000 cm3
h = 4000/ (l × b)
h = 4000/ (50×8)
h = 10cm

b) Length of room = 4.5m

Breadth of wall = 3m
Height of wall = 350cm = 350/100 = 3.5m
Area of ceiling = l × b
= 4.5 × 3
= 13.5 m2
Area of walls = 2 (lh + bh) m2
= 2 (4.5×3.5 + 3×3.5)
= 2 (15.75 + 10.5)
= 52.5 m2
Sum of Area of ceiling + area of walls = 13.5m2 + 52.5m2
= 66m2
Cost for plastering 1m2 area = ₹ 8
∴ Cost for plastering 66 m2 area = 66 × 8 = ₹ 528

c) Length of tank, l = 12 m
Width of tank, b = 9m
Depth of tank, h = 4m
Area of sheet required = total surface area of tank
= 2 (lb×bh×hl)
= 2 (12×9 + 9×4 + 4×12)
= 2 (108 + 36 + 48)
= 2 (192)
= 384 m2
For Iron sheet, let length be l1
Breadth be b1
Given, b1 = 2m
l1 × b1 = 384
l1 = 384/b1
l1= 192m
∴ Cost of iron sheet at the rate of ₹ 5 per metre = 5 × 192 = ₹ 960

d) Dimensions of room = 12.5m × 9m × 7m

Dimensions of each door = 2.5m × 1.2m
Dimensions of each window = 1.5m × 1m
Area of four walls including doors and windows = 2 (l×h + b×h)
= 2 (12.5×7 + 9×7)
= 2 (87.5 + 63)
= 2 (150.5)
= 301 m2
Area of 2 doors and 4 windows = 2 (2.5×1.2) + 4 (1.5×1)
= 2(3) + 4 (1.5)
=6+6
= 12 m2
Area of only walls = 301 – 12
= 289 m2
∴ Cost of painting the walls at the rate of ₹ 3.50 per square metre = ₹ (3.50 × 289)
= ₹ 1011.50
 e) Length of hall = 18m
Width of hall = 12m
Let height of hall be ‘h’ metre
Sum of area of floor and flat roof = (l×b + l×b)
= (12×18 + 12×18)
= (216+216)
= 432 m2
Sum of area of 4 walls = 2 (l×h + b×h)
= 2 (18×h + 12×h)
= 2 (18h + 12h)
= 2 (30h)
= 60h m2
Sum of area of 4 walls = sum of area of floor and flat roof
60h = 432
h = 432/60
= 7.2m
∴ Height of hall is 7.2m

• DATA HANDALING

a) The following data gives the information of the number of children involved in
different activities.
Activities Dance Music Art Cricket Football
No. of
30 40 25 20 53
Children
Draw a bar graph to represent the above data.

Solution:
b) The favourite flavours of ice-cream for the children in a locality are given in
percentage as follow. Draw the pie chart to represent the given information.

% of Students Prefer
Flavours
the Flavours
Vanilla 25 %

Strawberry 15 %

Chocolate 10 %

Kesar-Pista 30 %

Mango Zap 20 %
The central angles for various observations:

% of Students Prefer Measure of Central

Flavours
the Flavours Angles
Vanilla 25 % (25/100 × 360)° = 90°
Strawberry 15 % (15/100 × 360)° = 54°
Chocolate 10 % (10/100 × 360)° = 36°
Kesar-Pista 30 % (30/100 × 360)° = 108°
Mango Zap 20 % (20/100 × 360)° = 72°

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