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Review Lab 1st Partial exam
Factorization
Factoring Using GCF:
To factor using a GCF, take the greatest common factor (GCF), for the numerical
coef cient. When choosing the GCF for the variables, if all terms have a common
variable, take the ones with the lowest exponent.
Example: 9x4 + 3x3 + 12x2 GCF: Coef cients = 3
Variables (x) = x2
GCF = 3x2
Next, you just divide each monomial by the GCF!
Answer = 3x2(3x2 + x + 4)
Then, you can mentally check by using the distributive property!
Factor each of the following using the GCF and check by using the distributive property:
1) 12a + 20b 2) 6x2 + 18
3) 18c – 27cd 4) 15x2 – 6x – 30
5) 6c3d – 12c2d2 + 18cd 6) ay – 4aw – 12a
7) 16x5 + 12xy – 9y5 8) 9ab2 – 6ab – 3a
9) 16x3y3z3 – 8xyz 10) 24x11 + 4x10 – 6x9 + 12x8
11) 26x4y – 39x3y2 + 52x2y3 – 13xy4 12) 28 y2 + 42
Factoring Trinomials ax2+bx+c
Case I: When a=1
(a) being the coef cient in front of your variable2 term (x2).
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AC METHOD: Find factors of ac which addition will sum up =b
If c is positive (+) both factors will have the sign of b
If c is negative (-) factors will need to be ( + ) and (-)
Examples:
x2 – 5x + 6 x2 + 5x – 36
Find factors of 6, w/ sum of 5. Find factors of 36 w/ difference of 5.
(x – 3)(x – 2) (x – 4)(x + 9)
CHECK USING FOIL CHECK USING FOIL
Factor each trinomial into two binomials, list all factors to show your work and check using
FOIL:
1) a2 + 3a + 2 2) c2 + 5c –6 3) x2 – x + 30
4) r2 + 8r + 12 5) m2 + 8m + 7 6) y2 + 12y + 35
7) x2 + 11x + 24 8) a2 –7a –8 9) 18 – 3c + c2
10) x2 +7 x – 18 11) z2 + 10z + 25 12) a2 – 6a + 16
13) a2 – 6a + 5 14) x2 – x + 42 15) x2 – 11x + 10
16) y2 – 6y + 8 17) 15 – 8y + y2 18) x2 – 10x + 24
19) c2 – 14c + 40 20) x2 +3x – 28 21) x2 – x – 12
22) c2 – 7c + 12 23) x2 – 6x – 7 24) y2 + y – 20
Factoring Trinomials ax2+bx+c
Case II: When a≠ 1
Use Case II when a trinomial has a coef cient different to 1 for the x2 term.
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Let’s look at the following example: 6x2 + 5x – 4
1) Look for a GCF: There is no GCF for this trinomial and the only way this
method works is if you take it out right away.
2) Take a the coef cient for x2 (6) and multiply it with c the last term (4):
6x2 + 5x – 4 6 * 4 = 24
x + 5x – 24
2
3) Factor the new trinomial using AC Method as in Case I:
x2 + 5x – 24
(x + 8)(x – 3)
4) Take the coef cient that you multiplied in the beginning (6) and divide
each factor by it:
(x + 8)(x – 3)
6 6
5) Simplify or divide if possible
(x + 4) (x– 1 )
3 2
6) Slide the simpli ed denominator to the left in parenthesis (with the
variable):
(3x + 4)(2x – 1)
7) Foil Check
Factor each of the following trinomials when a is not 1 Show all your work:
1) 5x2 + 14x + 8 2) 6w2 + 13w +5 3) 9x2 + 3x – 2
4) 2x2 – 15x – 8 5) 18c2 – 9c – 2 6) 4b2 + 7b – 2
7) 2d2 + 13d + 21 8) 11z2 – 98z – 9 9) 3q2 – 13q – 10
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10) 3x2 - 20x – 7 11) 8y2 + 13y – 6 12) 2x2 – 7xy – 15y2
Factoring Trinomials ax2+bx+c
Case II: When a≠ 1
Use Case II when a trinomial has a coef cient different to 1 for the x2 term.
Let’s look at the following example: 6x2 + 5x – 4
1) Look for a GCF: There is no GCF for this trinomial and the only way this
method works is if you take it out right away.
2) Take a the coef cient for x2 (6) and multiply it with c the last term (4):
6x2 + 5x – 4 6 * 4 = 24
x2 + 5x – 24
8) Factor the new trinomial using AC Method as in Case I:
x2 + 5x – 24
(x + 8)(x – 3)
9) Take the coef cient that you multiplied in the beginning (6) and divide
each factor by it:
(x + 8)(x – 3)
6 6
10) Simplify or divide if possible
(x + 4) (x– 1 )
3 2
11) Slide the simpli ed denominator to the left in parenthesis (with the
variable):
(3x + 4)(2x – 1)
12) Foil Check
Factor each of the following trinomials when a is not 1 Show all your work:
1) 5x2 + 14x + 8 2) 6w2 + 13w +5 3) 9x2 + 3x – 2
4) 2x2 – 15x – 8 5) 18c2 – 9c – 2 6) 4b2 + 7b – 2
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7) 2d2 + 13d + 21 8) 11z2 – 98z – 9 9) 3q2 – 13q – 10
10) 3x2 - 20x – 7 11) 8y2 + 13y – 6 12) 2x2 – 7xy – 15y2
Factoring Completely:
When asked to factor completely, you will have to use a combination of the methods that we have
used previously. (Try to find GCF first)
1) 4x2 + 20x + 24 2) 10x2 – 80x + 150 3) 9x2 + 90x – 99
4) 3x3 + 27x2 + 60x 5) 12x6 + 27x5 + 60x4 6) 8x9 + 24x8 + 192x7
7) 4x2 + 18x + 8 8) x3 – 11 x2 – 42x 9) 3z2 + 27z – 108
10) – x2 +13x + 48 11) 8z3 + 2z2 –6z 12) 2b2 – 14b – 16
Factoring special cases (Special products):
-Difference of squares
Formula x2 –y2 = (x+y)(x-y)
Explain the steps
1) x2 – 9 2) y2 – 36 3) x2 – 121
4) 64x2 – 81 5) 9x4 – 25 6) 144x2 – 49
7) 9x2 – 81 8) 121x2 – 49 9) 100x2 – 1
10) 64x2 – 81 11) 9x4 – 16 12) x2 – 49
-Sum or difference of cubes
Formula x3 – y3 = (x–y)(x2+xy+y2) or x3 +y3 = (x+y)(x2– xy+y2)
Explain the steps
1) x3 + 1000 2) z3 – 216 3) a3+ 8b3
4) 8z3– 64 5) x3y3 + 125 6) 3y3 – 3000
7) x3 + 343 8) z3 – 27 9) 8b3+ 1
10) 8z3– 125 11) y3 + 729 12) z3 – 512
Rational Expressions
Simplify (remember to show your answer in the most factored when necessary).
2x + 6 x 2 + 9 x + 20
1. 4 x − 12 2. 2x + 8
6 x + 24
2 3x + 18
3. x + 7 x + 12 4.
x 2 − 36
x 2 − x − 12 x 2 − 5x + 6
5. x 2 − 2x − 8 6. x 2 + 2 x − 15
4x + 4 x 2 − 5x + 4
2
7. x + 4x + 3 8. x 2 − 4x
6 x + 30
2 x 2 − 25
9. x + 8 x + 15 10.
x 2 − x − 30
Multiply or divide these rational expressions: First factor, then cancel out to
simplify.
9 x + 18 3x − 12 5n + 15 2n + 4
2
⋅ ⋅
1. x − 2 x − 8 6x 2. 4n + 8 3n + 9
6 x − 12 7 x − 21 m 2 − 2m − 8 2m − 8
2
⋅ ÷ 2
3. x − 9 x + 18 5x − 10 4. 8m + 24 m + 7 m + 12
x+3 x+2 x 2 − x − 12 2 x + 6
⋅ 2 ÷
5. 10 x + 20 x + 4 x + 3 6. x−4 x−5
x 2 − 5x − 6 x 2 − 3x − 4 2x + 6 x+2
÷ ⋅ 2
7. 5x + 15 7 x + 21 8. 5 x + 10 x + 4 x + 3
6 8 x + 40 x 2 + 5x − 24 3x + 24
2
⋅ ÷ 2
9. x + 9 x + 20 6 x − 12 10. 2x + 2 x − 8x − 9
Add or subtract these rational expressions.
3 5
1. . +
x x−2
1 1
2. +
x−3 x−2
2 7
3. −
y+3 y−5
8 4
−
4. x + 2 x − 5
3 2
5. −
y+5 y−5
1 2
6. −
y y+8
Division of polynomials
Use long division or synthetic division
1. (3x3 –20x2 – x +10) ÷ (3x – 5) remainder: 0
2. (12x3 + 12 + 11x + 20x2) ÷ (2x + 1)
3. (x 5 − 4x 2 − 2x − 10) ÷ (x + 2)
4. (3x6 + 7x 4 − 4x 3 + 5) ÷ (x − 4)
