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UNIDRIVE SP SIZE 3 (7.5 to 22 kW)

ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY DATA

PRODUCT SP3501 – 3507, SP3401 – 3403, SP3201 - 3202

General note on EMC data

The information given in this data sheet is derived from tests and calculations on sample products. It is
provided to assist in the correct application of the product, and is believed to correctly reflect the
behaviour of the product when operated in accordance with the instructions. The provision of this data
does not form part of any contract or undertaking. Where a statement of conformity is made with a
specific standard, the company takes all reasonable measures to ensure that its products are in
conformance. Where specific values are given these are subject to normal engineering variations
between samples of the same product. They may also be affected by the operating environment and
details of the installation arrangement

Issue 4 contains harmonic data for all ratings, and information on compliance with IEC 61000-3-12
(general harmonics) and EN 12015:2004 (lifts and escalators). An error in the conducted emission data
with the internal filter has been corrected.

IMMUNITY
The drive complies with the following international and European harmonised standards for immunity:

Standard Type of immunity Test specification Application Level

EN 61000-4-2 Electrostatic 6kV contact discharge Module Level 3
IEC 61000-4-2 discharge 8kV air discharge enclosure (industrial)
EN 61000-4-3 Radio frequency 80% AM (1kHz) modulation Module Level 3
IEC 61000-4-3 radiated field Levels prior to modulation: enclosure (industrial)
10V/m 80 - 1000MHz
3V/m 1.4 – 2.0GHz
1V/m 2.0 – 2.7GHz
EN 61000-4-4 Fast transient burst 5/50ns 2kV transient at Control lines Level 4
IEC 61000-4-4 5kHz repetition frequency (industrial harsh)
via coupling clamp
5/50ns 2kV transient at Power lines Level 3
5kHz repetition frequency (industrial)
by direct injection
EN 61000-4-5 Surges Common mode 4kV AC supply lines: Level 4
IEC 61000-4-5 1.2/50µs waveshape line to earth
Differential mode 2kV AC supply lines: Level 3
line to line
Common mode 1kV Control lines1
EN 61000-4-6 Conducted radio 10V prior to modulation Control and Level 3
IEC 61000-4-6 frequency 0.15 - 80MHz power lines (industrial)
80% AM (1kHz) modulation
EN 61000-4- Voltage dips, short All durations AC supply lines
11 IEC interruptions &
61000-4-11 variations
EN 61000-6-1 Generic immunity standard for the residential, Complies
IEC 61000-6-1 commercial and light - industrial environment
EN 61000-6- Generic immunity standard for the industrial Complies
22 environment
IEC 61000-6-2
EN 61800-3 Product standard for adjustable speed power drive Meets immunity requirements for first
IEC 61800-3 systems (immunity requirements) and second environments
1
Applies to ports where connections may exceed 30m length. Special provisions may be required in
some cases – see additional information below.
2
Supersedes EN 50082-2

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Unless stated otherwise, immunity is achieved without any additional measures such as filters or
suppressors. To ensure correct operation the wiring guidelines specified in the User Guide must be
carefully adhered to. All inductive components such as relays, contactors, electromagnetic brakes etc.
associated with the drive must be fitted with appropriate suppression, otherwise the immunity capability of
the drive may be exceeded.

Surge immunity of control circuits – long cables and connections outside a building
The input/output ports for the control circuits are designed for general use within machines and small
systems without any special precautions.
These circuits meet the requirements of EN 61000-6-2 (1kV surge) provided the 0V connection is not
earthed, i.e. in the common mode. Generally they cannot withstand the surge directly between the control
lines and the 0V connection, i.e. in the series mode.

The surge test simulates the effect of lightning or severe electrical faults in a physically extended
electrical system, where high differential transient voltages may appear between different points in the
grounding system. This is a particular risk where the circuits extend outside the protection of a building,
or if the grounding system in a large building is not well bonded.

In applications where control circuits may be exposed to high-energy voltage surges, some special
measures may be required to prevent malfunction or damage. As a general rule, if the circuits are to pass
outside the building where the drive is located, or if wiring runs within a building exceed 30m, some
additional precautions are advisable. One of the following techniques should be used:

1. Galvanic isolation, i.e. do not connect the control 0V terminal to ground. Avoid loops in the control
wiring, i.e. ensure every control wire is accompanied by its associated return (0V) wire.

2. Screened cable with additional power ground bonding. If isolation at one end is not acceptable, the
cable screen may be connected to ground at both ends, but in addition the ground conductors at both
ends of the cable must be bonded together by a power ground cable (equipotential bonding cable)
with cross-sectional area of at least 10mm2, or 10 times the area of the signal cable screen, or to suit
the electrical safety requirements of the plant. This ensures that fault or surge current passes mainly
through the ground cable and not in the signal cable screen. If the building or plant has a well-
designed common bonded network this precaution is not necessary.

3. Additional over-voltage suppression – for the analogue and digital inputs and outputs, a zener diode
network or a commercially available surge suppressor may be connected in parallel with the input
circuit as shown in Figures 1 and 2.

Signal from plant Signal to drive

+
30V zener diode
e.g. 2×BZW50-15

0V 0V

Figure 1: surge suppression for digital and unipolar analogue inputs and outputs

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Signal from plant Signal to drive

2 × 15V zener diode

e.g. 2×BZW50-15

0V 0V

Figure 2: surge suppression for bipolar analogue inputs and outputs

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Surge suppression devices are available as rail-mounting modules, e.g. from Phoenix Contact GmbH:
Unipolar TT-UKK5-D/24 DC
Bipolar TT-UKK5-D/24 AC

These devices are not suitable for encoder signals or fast digital data networks because the capacitance
of the diodes adversely affects the signal. Most encoders have galvanic isolation of the signal circuit from
the motor frame, in which case no precautions are required. For data networks, follow the specific
recommendations for the particular network.

EMISSION
Emission occurs over a wide range of frequencies. The effects are divided into three main categories:
− Low frequency effects, such as supply harmonics and notching.
− High frequency emission below 30MHz where emission is predominantly by conduction.
− High frequency emission above 30MHz where emission is predominantly by radiation.

SUPPLY VOLTAGE NOTCHING

Because of the use of uncontrolled input rectifiers the drives cause no significant notching of the supply
voltage.

SUPPLY HARMONICS
The input current contains harmonics of the supply frequency. Since the drive input has a low impedance,
the harmonic current levels are affected to some extent by the supply impedance (fault current level). The
table shows the levels calculated with fault level of 5kA at 400V 50Hz. This would be typical of a light
industrial installation. This meets and exceeds the requirements of IEC 61800-3. For installations where
the fault level is lower, so that the harmonic current is more critical, the harmonic current will also be
lower than that shown.
The calculations have been verified by laboratory measurements on sample drives.
Note that the RMS current in these tables may differ from the maximum specified in the installation guide,
since the latter is a worst-case value provided for safety reasons which takes account of permitted supply
voltage imbalance. The motor efficiency also affects the current, a standard Eff2 4-pole motor has been
assumed.
For balanced sinusoidal supplies, all even and triplen harmonics are absent.
The supply voltage for the calculation was 400V 50Hz. The harmonic percentages do not change
substantially for other voltages and frequencies within the drive specification.
This table covers operation in both standard and heavy-duty (shown grey) modes.

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Harmonic order, magnitude as % fundamental

Funda-
Motor RMS mental
Model power current current THD
no. (kW) (A) (A) (%)* 5 7 11 13 17 19 23 25
3201 7.5 25.1 22.9 44 34.8 22.0 8.7 7.3 5.4 4.6 3.9 3.4
11 35.3 33.1 37.3 29.0 17.4 8.8 7.0 5.4 4.6 4.0 3.4
3202 11 35.3 33.1 37.3 29.0 17.4 8.8 7.0 5.4 4.6 4.0 3.4
15 47.2 44.6 34.2 26.1 15.2 8.8 6.9 5.5 4.6 4.0 3.4
3401 15 30.7 24.8 73 58.8 38.4 7.2 8.0 4.2 3.8 3.0 2.5
18.5 35.5 30.1 63 51.0 31.7 7.5 7.1 4.4 3.7 3.1 2.6
3402 18.5 35.5 30.1 63 51.0 31.7 7.5 7.1 4.4 3.7 3.1 2.6
22 40.7 35.5 56 45.5 26.9 7.6 6.5 4.6 3.7 3.2 2.6
3403 22 40.7 35.5 56 45.5 26.9 7.6 6.5 4.6 3.7 3.2 2.6
30 52.8 47.8 47 38.0 20.4 7.9 6.0 4.8 3.8 3.4 2.8
3501 2.2 3.8 2.8 94.4 74.3 53.9 16.8 8.0 8.1 5.9 3.0 3.4
3 5.0 3.8 86.9 70.4 47.9 11.8 7.6 6.6 3.9 3.4 3.0
3502 3 5.0 3.8 86.9 70.4 47.9 11.8 7.6 6.6 3.9 3.4 3.0
4 6.3 4.9 79.6 66.2 41.8 8.9 8.2 4.7 3.1 3.0 2.0
3503 4 6.3 4.9 79.6 66.2 41.8 8.9 8.2 4.7 3.1 3.0 2.0
5.5 7.9 6.6 65.0 55.1 32.1 8.3 6.7 4.2 2.8 2.7 1.5
3504 5.5 7.9 6.6 65.0 55.1 32.1 8.3 6.7 4.2 2.8 2.7 1.5
7.5 10.0 8.8 52.3 45.1 23.5 8.5 5.2 4.6 2.5 3.1 1.7
3505 7.5 10.0 8.8 52.3 45.1 23.5 8.5 5.2 4.6 2.5 3.1 1.7
11 13.7 12.7 42.0 36.3 16.5 8.7 4.7 5.0 3.0 3.5 2.2
3506 11 13.7 12.7 42.0 36.3 16.5 8.7 4.7 5.0 3.0 3.5 2.2
15 18.2 17.0 36.9 31.5 13.3 8.8 5.0 5.2 3.4 3.7 2.6
3507 15 18.2 17.0 36.9 31.5 13.3 8.8 5.0 5.2 3.4 3.7 2.6
18.5 22.0 20.8 34.6 29.1 12.1 8.8 5.3 5.3 3.6 3.8 2.8
* Total Harmonic Distortion, expressed as percentage of fundamental

The following models meet the requirements of IEC 61000-3-12 and EN 61000-3-12 for RSCE ≥ 120
without the use of external a.c. line chokes:
3201,3202
3506, 3507
In Normal Duty loading only: 3403, 3505

Input line reactors (line chokes)

Where necessary, a reduction in harmonic current levels can be obtained by fitting reactors in the input
supply lines to the drive. This also gives increased immunity from supply disturbances such as voltage
surges caused by the switching of high-current loads or power-factor correction capacitors on the same
supply circuit. The following table shows the corresponding harmonics where reactors are fitted in the
supply lines. Standard parts for the 400V models are available from Control Techniques with the following
part numbers:
Inductance (mH) Current rating (A) Part number
0.3 74 4400-0241
0.45 46 4400-0240
0.6 27.4 4402-0232

The use of input chokes will result in some reduction of the d.c. link voltage. To avoid excessive voltage
drop at full load the values used should not exceed 4% per-unit, and for applications where the available
maximum output voltage is a limiting factor, values exceeding 2% should be used with caution. Reactor
current ratings must be at least equal to the RMS values shown, and peak current rating (to avoid
magnetic saturation) should be twice that value.

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Harmonic order, magnitude as % fundamental

Funda-
Motor RMS mental
Model power L current current THD
no. (kW) (mH) (A) (A) (%)* 5 7 11 13 17 19 23 25
3201 7.5 0.5 24.5 23.3 32.3 29.2 9.9 7.2 4.2 3.3 2.6 1.6 1.6
11 0.4 35.2 33.8 29.9 26.9 9.3 6.9 4.4 3.0 2.5 1.4 1.4
3202 11 0.4 35.2 33.8 29.9 26.9 9.3 6.9 4.4 3.0 2.5 1.4 1.4
15 0.3 47.4 45.6 28.8 25.5 9.5 6.9 4.5 3.0 2.5 1.3 1.3
3401 15 0.6 26.1 24.3 39.2 36.0 13.5 7.6 4.0 3.7 2.5 2.1 1.7
18.5 0.45 32.1 29.9 39.1 34.8 13.2 7.5 4.1 3.7 2.6 2.1 1.8
3402 18.5 0.45 32.1 29.9 39.1 34.8 13.2 7.5 4.1 3.7 2.6 2.1 1.8
22 0.3 38.1 35.5 39.0 34.9 13.7 7.5 4.3 3.9 2.7 2.4 1.9
3403 22 0.3 38.1 35.5 39.0 34.9 13.7 7.5 4.3 3.9 2.7 2.4 1.9
30 0.3 50.7 47.9 34.7 31.2 10.8 7.3 4.2 3.6 2.7 2.1 1.8
3501 2.2 9 3.0 2.8 41.1 37.5 13.4 8.0 3.4 3.7 1.9 2.0 1.4
3 6 4.1 3.7 41.5 37.7 13.6 8.1 3.4 3.8 1.9 2.2 1.4
3502 3 6 4.1 3.7 41.5 37.7 13.6 8.1 3.4 3.8 1.9 2.2 1.4
4 4 5.3 4.9 41.6 37.8 13.8 8.2 3.4 4.0 1.9 2.3 1.4
3503 4 4 5.3 4.9 41.6 37.8 13.8 8.2 3.4 4.0 1.9 2.3 1.4
5.5 2.5 7.1 6.6 41.0 37.2 13.5 8.3 3.3 4.1 2.0 2.5 1.4
3504 5.5 2.5 7.1 6.6 41.0 37.2 13.5 8.3 3.3 4.1 2.0 2.5 1.4
7.5 1.2 9.5 8.8 41.3 37.1 14.1 8.5 3.5 4.4 2.1 2.8 1.5
3505 7.5 1.2 9.5 8.8 41.3 37.1 14.1 8.5 3.5 4.4 2.1 2.8 1.5
11 2.5 13.5 12.8 31.9 29.4 8.0 7.5 3.6 3.4 2.2 1.6 1.4
3506 11 2.5 13.5 12.8 31.9 29.4 8.0 7.5 3.6 3.4 2.2 1.6 1.4
15 2.0 18.1 17.3 30.3 27.7 7.8 7.3 3.8 3.2 2.2 1.5 1.3
3507 15 2.0 18.1 17.3 30.3 27.7 7.8 7.3 3.8 3.2 2.2 1.5 1.3
18.5 1.6 22.1 21.2 29.6 26.9 7.9 7.3 3.9 3.3 2.3 1.5 1.3
* Total Harmonic Distortion, expressed as percentage of fundamental

The harmonic currents with input line reactors meet the requirements of IEC 61000-3-12 and EN 61000-
3-12 for RSCE ≥ 120. For those models which meet these requirements without line reactors, illustrative
data has been provided for reactors of about 4%.

Input line reactors for compliance with EN 12015:2004 (EMC standard for lifts and escalators) and
IEC 61000-3-4 for RSCE ≥ 250
These standards have a number of requirements for harmonic emission, of which the controlling factor is
a requirement for fifth harmonic current less than 30% of the fundamental. This can be achieved by using
a high value of line reactance.

Drive SP Motor Choke value Current Input power

power (kW) (mH) rating (A) (kW)
3401 15 1.6 26.5 16780
3402 18.5 1.3 32.4 20490
3403 22 1.0 38.3 24260

Note that this value of reactor will only give the required harmonic reduction effect if the load is equal to or
greater than that stated. If the rated load is less than this then the inductance must be increased in
inverse proportion. The high value required means that the drive d.c. bus voltage is reduced by about 5%.
Depending on the motor voltage rating, this may mean that the available torque at base speed is
reduced.

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Typical harmonics data is given here:

Harmonics (%)
5 7 11 13 17 19 23 25
27.6 7.8 6.1 3.6 2.2 1.9 1.0 0.9

29 31 35 37 41 43 47 49
0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2

PWHD (%) THD (%) Power Factor cos φ Distortion Factor

15.2 29.7 0.9355 0.9760 0.9585

Further measures for reducing harmonics

It is unusual for harmonics to pose a problem unless a substantial part (e.g. over 50%) of the supply
system capacity is accounted for by drives or other power electronic loads. In such cases it is usually
most cost-effective to analyse a complete installation for harmonic current or voltage and to apply
remedial measures such as harmonic filters, if necessary, for the entire installation at the common supply
point. Harmonic currents from drives add approximately arithmetically.

CONDUCTED RADIO FREQUENCY EMISSION

Radio frequency emission in the range from 150kHz to 30MHz is generated by the switching action of
the main power devices (IGBTs) and is mainly conducted out of the equipment through electrical power
wiring. It is essential for compliance with the emission standards that the recommended filter and a
shielded (screened) motor cable should be used. Most types of cable can be used provided it has an
overall screen, which is continuous for its entire length. For example the screen formed by the armouring
of steel wire armoured cable is acceptable. The capacitance of the cable forms a load on the drive and
filter, and should be kept to a minimum. Compliance tests were done with cable having a capacitance
between the three power cores and the screen of 412pF per metre (measured at 1kHz), which is typical
of steel wire armoured cable. In addition to motor cable length, conducted emission will also vary with
drive switching frequency: selecting the lowest switching frequency will produce the lowest level of
emission. In order to meet the stated standards the drive, filter and motor cable must be installed
correctly. Wiring guidelines are given later.

The drive contains a cost-effective internal input filter which gives a reduction of about 30dB in the level of
emission at the supply terminals. Unlike a conventional filter, the internal filter continues to provide this
attenuation with a long motor cable. For practical purposes, this filter in conjunction with a screened
motor cable is sufficient to prevent the drive from causing interference to most good-quality industrial
equipment.
It is recommended that the filter be used in any situation unless the earth leakage current , which is up to
28mA, is unacceptable. The User Guide gives instructions on how to remove and replace it.

For applications where there are stricter requirements for radio frequency emission, e.g. to the generic
standards EN 61000-6-4 etc. or the first environment in EN 61800-3, the optional external filter must be
used.

The table summarises the performance of all filters.

Motor cable Switching frequency (kHz)

length (m) 3 4 6 8 12
Using internal filter:
Any E2R
Using external filter:
0 – 20 R I
20 – 50 I
50 - 75 I -
75 - 100 I - - - -

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Key to table
The requirements are listed in descending order of severity, so that if a particular requirement is met then
all requirements listed after it are also met.
Code Standard Description Frequency Limits Application
range
R EN 61000-6-3 Residential: 0.15 - 0.5MHz 66-56dBµV quasi AC supply
IEC 61000-6-3 Generic emission limits peak lines
EN 50081-1 standard for the decrease 56-46dBµV
residential linearly with average
commercial and light log frequency
- industrial 0.5 - 5MHz 56dBµV quasi
environment peak
46dBµV average
5 - 30MHz 60dBµV quasi
peak
50dBµV average
EN 61800-3 Product standard for Requirements for the first environment1:
IEC 61800-3 adjustable speed unrestricted distribution
power drive systems
I EN 61000-6-4 Industrial: 0.15 – 0.5MHz 79dBµV quasi AC supply
IEC 61000-6-4 Generic emission peak lines
EN 50081-2 standard for the 66dBµV average
industrial 0.5 –30MHz 73dBµV quasi
environment peak
60dBµV average
EN 61800-3 Product standard for - Requirements for the first environment1: restricted
IEC 61800-3 adjustable speed distribution2
power drive systems
E2U EN 61800-3 Product standard for - Requirements for the second environment:
IEC 61800-3 adjustable speed unrestricted distribution
power drive systems
E2R EN 61800-3 Product standard for - Requirements for the second environment:
IEC 61800-3 adjustable speed restricted distribution
power drive systems
1
The first environment is one where the low voltage supply network also supplies domestic
premises
2
When distribution is restricted, drives are available only to installers with EMC competence

- Caution -
This caution applies where the drive is used in the first environment with restricted distribution according
to EN 61800-3.
This is a product of the restricted distribution class according to IEC 61800-3. In a domestic environment
this product may cause radio interference in which case the user may be required to take adequate
measures.

Notes
1. Where the drive is incorporated into a system with rated input current exceeding 100A, the higher
emission limits of EN 61800-3 for the second environment are applicable, and no filter is then
required.
2. Operation without a filter is a practical cost-effective possibility in an industrial installation where
existing levels of electrical noise are likely to be high, and any electronic equipment in operation has
been designed for such an environment. This is in accordance with EN 61800-3 in the second
environment, with restricted distribution. There is some risk of disturbance to other equipment, and in
this case the user and supplier of the drive system must jointly take responsibility for correcting any
problem which occurs.

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Recommended filters - Dual footprint/bookcase format

Control Techniques part number
Drive Manufacturer Schaffner Manufacturer Epcos
SP3201 – SP3202 4200-6307 4200-6306
SP3401 – SP3403 4200-6305 4200-6306
SP3501 – SP3507 4200-6309 4200-6308

- WARNING -
These filters and the internal filter have earth leakage current exceeding 3.5mA. A permanent
fixed earth connection is necessary to avoid electrical shock hazard. Further precautions, such as
a supplementary earth connection or earth monitoring system, may also be required.

Ferrite Ring information

The recommended ferrite rings are part numbers 4200-0000 (with mounting bracket) and 4200-3608 (no
bracket). The motor cable power cores (i.e. U,V,W) should be passed through the centre of the ring once.
A suitable ring is supplied with the drive.

Typical conducted emission test data

The conducted emission from a SP3403 operating with filter part number 4200-6305, at 3kHz switching
frequency with 100m motor cable, is shown in the emission plot in Figure 11.

Note on ungrounded supply systems (IT systems)

Care is needed when using inverter drives with RFI filters on ungrounded supply systems. The filters
must be designed to operate with an earth fault on the supply. In some cases damage may occur to filters
if an earth fault occurs in the driven motor as the drive may not trip.

With the external filters specified above the drive will trip (OIAC) if an earth fault occurs in the driven
motor.

- Caution -
The internal filter must not be used alone with an IT supply unless an earth leakage relay is fitted
between the filter and drive, arranged to trip the drive in the event of excessive earth leakage current
caused by a motor earth fault. Typical relay setting is 150mA.

Note on shared external filters for multiple drives

When more than one drive is used in the same enclosure, some cost saving is possible by sharing a
single filter of suitable current rating between several drives. Tests have shown that combinations of
drives with a single filter are able to meet the same emission standard as a single drive, provided that all
filters and drives are mounted on the same metal plate. Because of the unpredictable effect of the
additional wiring and the need for separate fuses for the drives on the drive side of the filter, this
arrangement is not recommended where strict compliance with a specific standard is required, unless
emission tests can be carried out.

Related product standards

The conducted emission levels specified in the generic emission standards are equivalent to the levels
required by the following product specific standards:

Conducted emission from 150kHz to 30MHz

Generic standard Product standard
EN 61000-6-3 EN 55011 Class B Industrial, scientific and medical
EN 50081-1 CISPR 11 Class B equipment
EN 55014 Household electrical appliances
CISPR 14
EN 55022 Class B Information technology
CISPR 22 Class B equipment
EN 61000-6-4 EN 55011 Class A Group 1 Industrial, scientific and medical
EN 50081-2 CISPR 11 Class A Group 1 equipment
EN 55022 Class A Information technology
CISPR 22 Class A equipment

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RADIATED EMISSION
When installed in a standard metal enclosure according to the wiring guidelines, the drive will meet the
radiated emission limits required by the generic industrial emission standard EN 61000-6-4 (previously
EN 50081-2).

Important note
Compliance was achieved in tests using representative enclosures and following the guidelines given.
No special EMC techniques were used beyond those described here. Every effort was made to ensure
that the arrangements were robust enough to be effective despite the normal variations which will occur
in practical installations. However no warranty is given that installations built according to these
guidelines will necessarily meet the same emission limits.

The limits for emission required by the generic emission standards are summarised in the following table:

Radiated emission from 30 to 1000MHz

Standard Application Frequency Limits Comments
range
EN 61000-6- Enclosure 30 - 230MHz 30dBµV/m quasi
3 peak at 10m
230 - 37dBµV/m quasi
1000MHz peak at 10m
EN 61000-6- Enclosure 30 - 230MHz 40dBµV/m quasi Standard specifies limits of
4 peak at 10m 30 and 37dBµV/m
respectively at
230 - 47dBµV/m quasi a measuring distance of
1000MHz peak at 10m 30m; emission may be
measured at 10m if limits
are increased by 10dB

EN 61800-3 (IEC 61800-3) requires the following, in order of increasing emission level:
As EN 61000-6-3 First environment - unrestricted distribution
As EN 61000-6-4 First environment - restricted distribution
30 – 230MHz 40dBµV/m at 30m Second environment – unrestricted distribution
230 – 1000MHz 50dBµV/m at 30m

Test Data
The test data is based on radiated emission measurements made in a standard steel enclosure
containing a single SP 3401 drive, in a calibrated open area test site. Details of the test arrangement are
described:

A standard Rittall steel enclosure was used having dimensions 1900mm (high) × 600mm (wide) ×
500mm (deep). Two ventilation grilles, both 200mm square, were provided on the upper and lower
faces of the door. No special EMC features were incorporated.

The drive and recommended RFI input filter were fitted to the internal back-plate of the enclosure,
the filter casing making electrical contact with the back-plate by the fixing screws. Standard
unscreened power cable was used to connect the cubicle to the supply.

A standard 11kW AC induction motor was connected by 3m of shielded cable (steel braided - type
SY) and mounted externally. In order to allow for realistic imperfections in the installation, the
motor cable was interrupted by a DIN rail terminal block mounted in the enclosure. The shield
pigtails (50mm long) were connected to the back plate through an earthed DIN rail terminal block.
The motor screen was not bonded to the enclosure wall at the point of entry.

A 2m screened control cable was connected to the drive control terminals, but the screen was
isolated from the cubicle wall.

The drive was operated at 6Hz, with a switching frequency of 12kHz which is the worst case for RF
emission.

No additional EMC preventative measures were taken, e.g. RFI gaskets around the cubicle doors.

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The following table summarises the results for radiated emission, showing the six highest measurements
over the frequency range 30 to 1000 MHz:

Frequency Emission Level required by industrial

MHz dBµV/m standard EN 61000-6-4 at 10m
30.15 33.3 40
30.5 32.2 40
30.7 31.9 40
31.2 31.4 40
31.6 31.4 40
32.1 29.9 40

The results show that the limit for the industrial emission standard is met with a margin of at least 6dB.
The limit for EN 61800-3 (IEC 61800-3) is met for the first environment with restricted distribution, and for
the second environment without restriction.

Enclosure construction
For most installations the enclosure will have a back-plate which will be used to mount variable speed
drive modules, RFI filters and ancillary equipment. This back-plate can be used as the EMC earth plane,
so that all metal parts of these items and cable screens are fixed directly to it. Its surface should have a
conductive protective surface treatment such as zinc plate. If it is painted then paint will have to be
removed at the points of contact to ensure a low-inductance earth connection which is effective at high
frequency.

The motor cable screen must be clamped to the drive grounding clamp. It may also be bonded at the
point of exit, through the normal gland fixings.

Depending on construction, the enclosure wall used for cable entry might have separate panels and
have a poor connection with the remaining structure at high frequencies. If the motor cable is only
bonded to these surfaces and not to a back-plate, then the enclosure may provide insufficient attenuation
of RF emission. The use of the purpose-designed drive grounding clamp is strongly recommended.

It is the bonding to a common metal plate which minimises radiated emission. There is no need for a
special EMC enclosure with gaskets etc. In the tests described, opening the cubicle door had little effect
on the emission level, showing that the enclosure itself does not provide significant screening.

Related product standards

The radiated emission levels specified in EN 61000-6-4 are equivalent to the levels required by the
following product standards:

Radiated emission from 30 to 1000MHz

Generic standard Product standard
EN 61000-6-4 CISPR 11 Class A Group 1 Industrial, scientific and medical
CISPR 11 Class A Group 1 equipment
EN 55022 Class A Information technology
CISPR 22 Class A equipment

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WIRING GUIDELINES
The wiring guidelines on the following pages should be observed to achieve minimum radio frequency
emission. The details of individual installations may vary, but aspects which are indicated in the
guidelines as important for EMC must be adhered to closely.
The guidelines do not preclude the application of more extensive measures which may be preferred by
some installers. For example, the use of full 360° ground terminations on shielded cables in the place of
‘pig-tail’ ground connections is beneficial, but is not necessary unless specifically stated in the
instructions.

1. If the filter is not used in the “footprint” mode, then the drive and filter must be mounted on the same
metal back-plate, and their mounting surfaces must make a good direct electrical connection to it.
The use of a plain metal back-plate (eg galvanised not painted) is beneficial for ensuring this without
having to scrape off paint and other insulating finishes.

2. The filter must be mounted close to the drive so that its connecting wires can be directly connected.
The wires must not be extended.

3. A shielded (screened) or steel wire armoured cable must be used to connect the drive to motor. The
shield must be bonded to the drive using the grounding clamp provided.

4. The AC supply connections must be kept at least 4in (100mm) from the drive, motor cable and
braking resistor cable.

≥100mm
(4in)

Ensure direct
metal contact
at drive and
filter mounting
points (any
paint must be
removed).

≥100mm
(4in)

Motor cable screen Do not modify

(unbroken) electrically the filter wires
connected to and held
in place by grounding
clamp.

Figure 3: Grounding the drive, filter and motor cable screen Figure 4: Input wiring spacing

5. Connect the shield of the motor cable to the ground terminal of the motor frame using a link that is as
short as possible and not exceeding 50mm (2 in) in length. A full 360° termination of the shield to the
motor terminal housing (if metal) is beneficial.

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Figure 5: Connecting the motor cable shield at the motor

6. If an additional safety earth wire is required for the motor, it can either be carried inside or outside the
motor cable shield. If it is carried inside then it must be terminated at both ends as close as possible
to the point where the screen is terminated. It must always return to the drive and not to any other
earth circuit.

7. Wiring to the braking resistor should be shielded. The shield must be bonded to the back-plate using
an uninsulated metal cable-clamp. It need only be connected at the drive end.

8. If the braking resistor is outside the enclosure then it should be surrounded by an earthed metal
shield.

Optional external
braking resistor

Optional external
braking resistor

Enclosure Enclosure

+DC BR +DC BR

Figure 6: Screening of braking circuit

9. Signal and control wiring must be kept at least 12in (300mm) from the drive and motor cable.

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≥300mm
(12in)

Sensitive
signal
cable

Figure 7: Signal wiring spacing

10. The control wiring “0V” connection should be earthed at one point only, preferably at the controller
and not at a drive.

Variations to wiring guidelines

− Output ferrite ring

If the ferrite ring is to be used to further reduce conducted emission, it should be mounted close to the
drive, and the output power conductors (U,V,W but not E) should be passed through the central aperture,
all together in the same direction.

− If drive control wiring leaves the enclosure

This includes all control, encoder and option module wiring but not the status relay circuit or the serial
port. One of the following additional measures must be taken:

• Use shielded cables (one overall shield or separate shielded cables) and clamp the shield(s) to the
grounding bracket provided, as shown in Figure 8.

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Figure 8: Earthing of signal cable screens using the grounding bracket

or:

• Pass the control wires through a ferrite ring part number 3225-1004. More than one cable can pass
through a ring. Ensure the length of cable between the ring and drive does not exceed 125mm (5in).

− Interruptions to the motor cable

The motor cable should ideally be a single run of shielded cable having no interruptions. In some
situations it may be necessary to interrupt the cable, for example to connect the motor cable to a terminal
block within the drive enclosure, or to fit an isolator switch to allow safe working on the motor. In these
cases the following guidelines should be observed. The most important factor is always to minimise the
inductance of the connection between the cable shields.

− Terminal block within enclosure

The motor cable shields should be bonded to the back-plate using uninsulated cable-clamps which
should be positioned as close as possible to the terminal block. Keep the length of power conductors to
a minimum and ensure that all sensitive equipment and circuits are at least 0.3m (12 in) away from the
terminal block.

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From the Drive

Back-plate

Enclosure

To the motor

Figure 9: Connecting the motor cable to a terminal block in the enclosure

− Using a motor isolator switch

The motor cable shields should be connected by a very short conductor having a low inductance. The
use of a flat metal bar is recommended; conventional wire is not suitable. The shields should be bonded
directly to the coupling bar using uninsulated metal cable-clamps. Keep the length of power conductors
to a minimum and ensure that all sensitive equipment and circuits are at least 0.3m (12 in) away. The
coupling bar may be grounded to a known low impedance ground nearby, for example a large metallic
structure which is connected closely to the drive ground.

Isolator

From the To the

Drive motor
Coupling bar
(If required)

Figure 10: Connecting the motor cable to an isolating switch

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Figure 11: Example conducted emission plot (SP3403, 100m cable, 3kHz switching frequency)

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